{"product_id":"handbook-of-neurobehavioral-genetics-and-phenotyping-9781118540718","title":"Handbook of Neurobehavioral Genetics and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Handbook of Behavioral Genetics and Phenotyping represents an integrative approach to neurobehavioural genetics; worldwide experts in their field will review all chapters. Advanced overviews of neurobehavioural characteristics will add immense value to the investigation of animal mutants and provide unique information about the genetics and behavioural understanding of animal models, under both normal and pathological conditions. Cross-species comparisons of neurobehavioural phenotypes will pave the way for an evolutionary understanding of behaviour.    Moreover, while biological sciences are progressing towards a holistic approach to investigate the complexity of organisms (i.e., systems biology approach), an integrated analysis of behavioural phenotyping is still lacking. The Handbook of Behavioral Genetics and Phenotyping strengthens the cross-talk within disciplines that investigate the fundamental basis of behaviour and genetics. This will be the first volume in which traditio\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xxv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Genetic Screens in Neurodegeneration 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAbraham Acevedo Arozena and Silvia Corrochano\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Genetics of Neurodegenerative Disorders 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeurodegeneration Disease Models 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetic Approaches to Discover New Genes Related to Neurodegeneration Using Disease Models 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaccharomyces cerevisiae 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCaenorhabditis elegans 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrosophila melanogaster 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDanio rerio 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMus musculus 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHuman Cellular Models and Post-mortem Material 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Future 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Computational Epigenomics 19\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMattia Pelizzola\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBackground 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProfiling and Analyzing the Methylation of Genomic DNA 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental Methods 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData Analysis 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArray-based Methods 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSequencing-based Methods 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProfiling and Analyzing Histone Marks 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental Methods 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData Analysis 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIssues of Array-based Methods 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIssues of NGS-based Methods 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntegration with Other Omics Data 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChromatin States 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnraveling the Cross-talk Between Epigenetic Layers 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Behavioral Phenotyping in Zebrafish: The First Models of Alcohol Induced Abnormalities 37\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eRobert Gerlai\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlcohol Related Human Disorders: A Growing Unmet Medical Need 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnraveling Alcohol Related Mechanisms: The Importance of Animal Models 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFace Validity: The First Step in Modeling a Human Disorder 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcute Effects of Alcohol in Zebrafish: A Range of Behavioral Responses 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChronic Alcohol Exposure Induced Behavioral Responses in Zebrafish 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffects of Embryonic Alcohol Exposure 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBehavioral Phenotyping: Are We There Yet? 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssembling the Behavioral Test Battery 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcluding Remarks 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 How does Stress Affect Energy Balance? 53\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaria Razzoli, Cheryl Cero, and Alessandro Bartolomucci\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Balance and Metabolic Disorders 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePro-adipogenic Stress Mediators 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePro-lipolytic Effect of Stress Mediators 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow does Stress Affect Energy Balance? 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnimal Models of Chronic Stress and their Impact on Energy Balance 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysical and Psychological (non-social) Chronic Stress Models 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMild Chronic Pain Models – Mild Tail Pinch, Foot Shock 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Models – Cold and Heat Stress 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChronic Mild Stress Models: Chronic Mild Stress, Chronic Variable Stress, etc. 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRestraint or Immobilization 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChronic Social Stress Models 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial Isolation, Individual Housing 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnstable Social Settings 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVisible Burrow System 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntermittent Social Defeat (Resident\/Intruder Procedure) 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChronic Psychosocial Stress, Sensory Contact, and Chronic Defeat stress 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress, Recovery, and Maintenance: Insights on Adaptive and Maladaptive Effects of Stress 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMolecular Mechanisms of Stress-Induced Negative and Positive Energy Balance 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSerotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrexin 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeuropeptide Y (NPY) 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGhrelin and Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor (GHSR) 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlucagon like Peptide 1 (GLP1) 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLeptin 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmylin 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorepinephrine and β3-Adrenergic Receptor 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Interactions of Experience-Dependent Plasticity and LTP in the Hippocampus During Associative Learning 91\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAgnès Gruart, Noelia Madroñal, María Teresa Jurado-Parras, and José María Delgado-García\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction: Study of Learning and Memory Processes in Alert Behaving Mammals 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChanges in Synaptic Strength During Learning and Memory 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Conditioning 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInstrumental Conditioning 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChanges in Synaptic Strength Evoked by Actual Learning can be Modified by Experimentally Evoked Long-term Potentiation 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Experimental Constraints on the Study of the Physiological Basis of Learning Processes 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactors Modifying Synaptic Strength (Environment, Aging, and Brain Degenerative Diseases) 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifferent Genetic and Pharmacological Manipulations Able to Modify Synaptic Strength 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFunctional Relationships Between Experimentally Evoked LTP and Associative Learning Tasks 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFuture Perspectives 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContext and Environmental Constraints 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Forms of Learning and Memory Processes 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCortical Circuits and Functional States During Associative Learning 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 The Genetics of Cognition in Schizophrenia: Combining Mouse and Human Studies 115\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDiego Scheggia and Francesco Papaleo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBackground 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetics of Schizophrenia 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCognitive (dys)functions in Schizophrenia 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTranslating Cognitive Symptoms in Animal Models 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExecutive Control 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerformance in Schizophrenia 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnimal Models 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorking Memory 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerformance in Schizophrenia 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnimal Models 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eControl of Attention 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerformance in Schizophrenia 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnimal Models 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcluding Remarks 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 The Biological Basis of Economic Choice 143\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDavid Freestone and Fuat Balci\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTranslating from Animals to Humans 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReinforcement Learning in the Brain 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubjective Value 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Midbrain Dopamine System Updates Value 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom Stimulus Value to Action Value 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eModel Based Learning 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Prefrontal Cortex Encodes Value 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Basal Ganglia Selects Actions 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOptimal Decisions: Benchmarks for the Analysis of Choice Behavior 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Drift Diffusion Model 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTemporal Risk Assessment 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTimed-response Inhibition for Reward-rate Maximization 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTimed Response Switching 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTemporal Bisection 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumerical Risk Assessment 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRodent Version of Balloon Analog Risk Task 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Interval-timing Protocols and Their Relevancy to the Study of Temporal Cognition and Neurobehavioral Genetics 179\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eBin Yin, Nicholas A. Lusk, and Warren H. Meck\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApplication of a Timing, Immersive Memory, and Emotional Regulation (Timer) Test Battery 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeural Basis of Interval Timing 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Makes a Mutant Mouse “Tick”? 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProposal of a TIMER Test Battery and Its Application in Reverse Genetics 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBehavioral Test Battery Applications in Forward Genetics 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrder of Behavioral Tasks 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLocation and Time of Behavioral Testing 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix I 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLimitations of the individual-trials analysis for data obtained in the peak-interval (PI) procedure 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Toolkits for Cognition: From Core Knowledge to Genes 229\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eGiorgio Vallortigara and Orsola Rosa Salva\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCore Knowledge: The Domestic Chick as a System Model 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumerical Competence 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysical Properties 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeometry of Space 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnimate Agents 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Comparative Perspective on the Genetic and Evolutionary Bases of Social Behavior 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom Social Experience to Genes 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom Genes to Social Behavior 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFuture Directions 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConserved Mechanisms for Social Core Knowledge 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInteractions Between Experience and Genomic Information 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeurogenetic Basis of Social Predispositions 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpigenetics and the Development of the Social Brain 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpatial Cognition, Another Promising Core-knowledge Domain 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Quantitative Genetics of Behavioral Phenotypes 253\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eElzbieta Kostrzewa and Martien J.H. Kas\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHuman Studies of Quantitative Traits 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMouse Studies of Quantitative Traits 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Inbred Mice 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Analysis 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKnock-out (KO) Mouse Lines 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUse of Mice as Animal Model for Complex Human Traits 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparative Genomic Approaches 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvolutionarily Conserved Behavioral Phenotypes 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysical Activity – Definitions and Methods of Phenotypic Measurement 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurrent Results of Quantitative Genetic Basis of PA in Humans 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurrent Results of Quantitative Genetic Basis of PA in Mice 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKO Studies 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQTL Studies 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn Overlap of Genetic Findings Between the Species 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Behavioral Phenotyping in Genetic Mouse Models of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Translational Outlook 271\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaria Luisa Scattoni, Caterina Michetti, Angela Caruso, and Laura Ricceri\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasuring Social behavior in ASD Mouse Models 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial Interaction Tests 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMale-female 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFemale-female 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMale-male 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial-approach 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSociability Test Phase 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial Novelty 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial Recognition 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRepetitive Behavior 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMotor Stereotypies 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRestricted Interests 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBehavioral Inflexibility 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBehavioral Tests Targeting other ASD Symptoms 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnxiety 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpilepsy 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBehavioral Phenotyping in ASD Mouse Pups 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFuture Directions: ASD Mouse Models as a Resource for Gene-environment Interaction Studies 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Genetics of Human Sleep and Sleep Disorders 295\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eBirgitte Rahbek Kornum\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Mystery of Human Sleep 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSleep is Essential for Mammalian Life 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Function of Sleep 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExtended Wakefulness Induces Sleep 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHomeostatic and Circadian Regulation of Sleep and Wake 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdenosine and Sleep Homeostasis 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResistance to Sleep Loss is a Stable Phenotype 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetic Markers of Response to Sleep Loss 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Unique Activity Pattern Characterizes the Sleeping Brain 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSleep Stages and Sleep Cycles 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetics of the Human Sleep Electroencephalography 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNormal Sleep Architecture is Lost in Fatal Familial Insomnia 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCircadian Regulation of Sleep and Associated Disorders 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCircadian Regulation of Sleep 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMolecular Regulation of the Circadian Clock 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Central Circadian Clock is Entrained By Light 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCircadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdvanced Sleep Phase Syndromes 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDelayed Sleep Phase Syndromes 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eShort Sleep Times in Healthy Individuals 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDestabilization of Sleep States and Narcolepsy 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNormal Regulation of Sleep Architecture 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWakefulness is Associated with Cortical Activation 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Preoptic Area Contains Sleep-promoting Neurons 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMutual Inhibition Regulates Transitions Between Wake and Sleep 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegulation of REM Sleep 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNarcolepsy, A Disorder of Wakefulness and REM Sleep 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNarcolepsy with Cataplexy is Caused By Hypocretin Deficiency 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutoimmunity Toward Hypocretin Neurons 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetic Evidence Supports the Autoimmune Hypothesis of Narcolepsy 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRestless Legs Syndrome, A Developmental Sleep Disorder 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRestless Legs Syndrome, A Mysterious Urge to Move 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRestless Legs Syndrome and Dopamine Disturbances 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIron Deficiency Exacerbates RLS Symptoms 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetic Studies Suggest Developmental Defects 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnresolved Issues and Future Perspectives 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat is the Molecular and Neuroanatomical Basis for the Ultradian Rhythm of NREM-REM Sleep? 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat is the Genetic Basis for Individual Variation in Complex Sleep Features such as Sleep Spindles and K-Complexes? 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat is the Basis for the Individual Differences in Resistance to Sleep Loss? 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAre Homeostatic and Circadian Mechanisms Genuinely Independent or Are They Intimately Linked? 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Controls the Molecular and Anatomical Diversity of Sleep Regulatory Networks Across Species? 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 The Endocannabinoid System in the Control of Behavior 323\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eEdgar Soria-Gomez, Mathilde Metna, Luigi Bellocchio, Arnau Busquets-Garcia, and Giovanni Marsicano\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCannabinoid Effects and Endocannabinoid Functions 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRole of the ECS in Memory Processes 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMemory: General Background 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRole of the ECS in Synaptic Plasticity 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMemory Impairment Produced by Exogenous Cannabinoids 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCannabinoid Regulation of Memory: Neurobiological Mechanisms 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRole of the ECS in Fear Processes 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFear: General Background 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe ECS as an Endogenous Regulator of Fear Responses 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCannabinoid Regulation of Fear: Neurobiological Mechanisms 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImplication of the ECS in Fear Coping Behaviors 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRole of the ECS in Feeding Behavior 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeeding Behavior: General Background 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe ECS as an Endogenous Regulator of Feeding Behavior 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe ECS and Food Reward Circuits 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe ECS in the Hypothalamic Appetite Network 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe ECS in the Caudal Brainstem and Gastrointestinal Tract 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBimodal Control of Stimulated Food Intake by the ECS in the Brain 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParaventricular Hypothalamus Versus Ventral Striatum in Hypophagia induced by the ECS 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Olfactory Bulb and the Hyperphagic Action of the ECS 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Epigenetics in Brain Development and Disease 357\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eElisabeth J. Radford, Anne C. Ferguson-Smith, and Sacri R. Ferrón\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpigenetics and Neurodevelopment 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistone Modifications 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDNA Methylation 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHydroxymethylation 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenomic Imprinting 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-coding RNAs 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeurodevelopmental Disorders with an Epigenetic Basis 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRett Syndrome 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoffin–Lowry Syndrome 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRubinstein–Taybi Syndrome 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlpha-thalassemia Mental Retardation Syndrome 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImprinted Neurodevelopmental Disorders 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTrinucleotide Repeat Disorders 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFragile X Syndrome 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFriedreich’s Ataxia 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMyotonic Dystrophy 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHuntington’s Disease (HD) 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpigenetics of Neurodegenerative Disorders 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParkinson´s Disease (PD) 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlzheimer´s Disease (AD) 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Impact of the Environment on the Epigenome 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpigenetic Therapy in Neurodevelopment 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUntargeted Treatment 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTargeted Epigenetic Modulation 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcluding Remarks 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Impact of Postnatal Manipulations on Offspring Development in Rodents 395\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDiego Oddi, Alessandra Luchetti, and Francesca Romana D’Amato\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly Postnatal Environment in Laboratory Altricial Rodents 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRodents’ Responses to Postnatal Environment and Early Manipulations 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssessing Pups’ Responses to Postnatal Environment and Early Manipulation 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeonatal Ultrasonic Calls: Isolation-induced Vocalizations and Maternal Potentiation 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSearching for Social Contact: Homing and Huddling Behaviors 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly-life Environment and Stress-Response 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeparation from the Mother 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMother’s Stress 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Cross-fostering Paradigm 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRepeated Cross-fostering as a Model of Early Maternal Environment Instability 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnvironmental Enrichment 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Exploring the Roles of Genetics and the Epigenetic Mechanism DNA Methylation in Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera) Behavior 417\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eChristina M. Burden and Jonathan E. Bobek\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetics of Adult Honey Bee Biology and Behavior 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNurse to Forager Transition 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForager Preference 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTechniques for Investigating the Genetic Bases of Behavior 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQTL Mapping 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRNA Techniques 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicroarrays 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRNA Sequencing 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimentally Modulating the Genes Correlated with Specific Behaviors to Test Causality 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDNA Methylation and Honey Bee Behavior 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHoney Bee DNA Methylation Machinery and Genome-Wide Patterns 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDNA Methylation and Task Specialization 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDNA Methylation and Memory Consolidation 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTechniques for Detecting and Assaying DNA Methylation 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Technological Bases for Most DNA Methylation Assays 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethylation-specific Restriction Endonucleases 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein-mediated Precipitation of Methylated DNA 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBisulfite Conversion 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssaying Single CpGs, Short Sequences, and Target Regions 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing Genome-wide DNA Methylation Patterns: Microarray-based Methodologies 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing Genome-wide DNA Methylation Patterns: Sequencing-based Methodologies 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTechniques for Manipulating DNA Methylation 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePharmacological Manipulation of DNA Methylation 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRNA Interference as a DNMT Blockade 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcluding Remarks and Future Perspectives 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Genetics and Neuroepigenetics of Sleep 443\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eGlenda Lassi and Federico Tinarelli\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefining Sleep 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSleep is Genetically Determined 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEEG and Heritable Traits 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSleep Disorders and Genes 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSleep and Gene Expression 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpigenetics 448\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDNA Methylation 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePosttranslational Modifications (PTMs) 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRNA interference 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeuroepigenetics 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTwo Neurodevelopmental Disorders with Opposing Imprinting Profiles and Opposing Sleep Phenotypes 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeuroepigenetics of Sleep 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFruit Fly 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRodent Models 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHuman Beings 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSleep and Parent-of-origin Effects 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Behavioral Phenotyping Using Optogenetic Technology 469\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eStephen Glasgow, Carolina Gutierrez Herrera, and Antoine Adamantidis\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicrobial Opsins 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFast Excitation Using Channelrhodopsin-2 and Its Variants 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFast Optical Silencing 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlternative strategies for cell-type specific modulation of neural activity 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTargeting systems 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLight Delivery in the Animal Brain 478\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecording Light-evoked Neuronal Activity 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBehavioral Phenotyping 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn-vivo Optogenetics: Defining Circuits 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerspectives 484\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 484\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 484\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Phenotyping Sleep: Beyond EEG 489\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eSibah Hasan, Russell G. Foster, and Stuart N. Peirson\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSleep Research 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenotyping Sleep in Humans 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eActigraphy 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCardiorespiratory Signals 491\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEEG 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenotyping Sleep in Animal Models 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEEG 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTethered EEG 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTelemetered EEG 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeuroLogger EEG 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeyond EEG 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInfrared Beam Break 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMovement Based on Implanted Magnets 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePiezo-electric Sensors 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVideo Tracking 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFuture Perspectives 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 502\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 502\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 A Cognitive Neurogenetics Screening System with a Data-Analysis Toolbox 507\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eC.R. Gallistel, Fuat Balci, David Freestone, Aaron Kheifets, and Adam King\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanisms, Not Procedures 508\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFunctional Specificity 508\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo Group Averages 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysiologically Meaningful Measures 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImportance of Large-scale Screening and Minimal Handling 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUtilizable Archived Data with Intact Data Trails 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe System 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Toolbox 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCore Commands 516\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePowerful Graphics Commands 517\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResults 518\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 523\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 524\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Mapping the Connectional Architecture of the Rodent Brain with fMRI 527\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAdam J. Schwarz and Alessandro Gozzi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 527\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMRI Mapping of Functional Connectivity in the Rodent Brain 528\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNetworks of Functional Covariance 528\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConnectivity of Neurotransmitter Systems 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Dopaminergic System 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Serotonergic System 531\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResting State BOLD fMRI 532\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConnectivity Networks of the Rodent Brain 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDo Rodent Brains have a Default Mode Network? 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUse of Anesthesia and Other Methodological Considerations 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransgenic Models: Genetic Manipulation of Functional Connectivity Patterns 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFuture Perspectives 543\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Cutting Edge Approaches for the Identification and the Functional Investigation of miRNAs in Brain Science 553\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eEmanuela de Luca, Federica Marinaro, Francesco Niola, and Davide De Pietri Tonelli\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 553\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory 553\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiology and Functions in the Brain 553\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentification of Novel MicroRNAs in the Brain 555\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003emiRNA Extraction and Purification 556\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003emiRNA Cloning 556\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComputational Identification of Novel miRNAs 557\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) 558\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003emiRNA expression analysis in the brain 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003emiRNA profiling 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of miRNA Expression in Tissue 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTarget Identification 560\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComputational Identification of Targets 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProteomics 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRISC-associated miRNA Targets 562\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRNomics 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003emiRNA Manipulation\/Target Validation 565\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003emiRNA Inhibition 565\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003emiRNA Over-expression 566\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTarget Validation 567\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew Frontiers in Small RNA-based Technologies to Cure Nervous System Deficits 567\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUse of miRNAs in Gene Therapy 567\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUse of miRNAs in Gene Therapy in the Brain Requires Improved Delivery Strategies 571\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion and Perspectives 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAre Circulating miRNAs Novel Biomarkers for Brain Diseases? 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUse of miRNAs in Cell Reprogramming Technology 573\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAre miRNAs Just the “Tip of the Iceberg”? Emerging Classes of Noncoding RNAs and Novel Scenarios 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompeting Financial Interests 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 585\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley and Sons Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49406886674775,"sku":"9781118540718","price":156.56,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781118540718.jpg?v=1730497449","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/handbook-of-neurobehavioral-genetics-and-phenotyping-9781118540718","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}