{"product_id":"handbook-of-cyanobacterial-monitoring-and-cyanotoxin-analysis-9781119068686","title":"Handbook of Cyanobacterial Monitoring and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA valuable handbook containing reviews, practical methods and standard operating procedures.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xxvi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements xxviii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection I Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction: Cyanobacteria, Cyanotoxins, Their Human Impact, and Risk Management 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eGeoffrey A. Codd, Jussi Meriluoto, and James S. Metcalf\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Cyanotoxins 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Exposure Routes, Exposure Media, and At‐Risk Human Activities 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Cyanobacterial Blooms and Cyanotoxins in Relation to Human Pressures on Water Resources and Climate Change 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Aims of the Handbook 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection II Cyanobacteria 9\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Ecology of Cyanobacteria 11\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJean‐François Humbert and Jutta Fastner\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Environmental Conditions Leading to Cyanobacterial Blooms 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Population Dynamics of Cyanobacteria 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Spatial Distribution of Cyanobacteria in Freshwater Ecosystems 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Ecology of the Production of Toxins by Cyanobacteria 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 General Conclusions 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Picocyanobacteria: The Smallest Cell‐Size Cyanobacteria 19\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eIwona Jasser and Cristiana Callieri\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Records of Toxic Picocyanobacteria 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Summary 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Expansion of Alien and Invasive Cyanobacteria 28\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMikołaj Kokociński, Reyhan Akçaalan, Nico Salmaso, Maya Petrova Stoyneva‐Gärtner, and Assaf Sukenik\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Definition of Invasive\/Alien Species: Nomenclature Problems 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Invasive Species Concept in Cyanobacteria 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Occurrence of Invasive and Alien Cyanobacteria 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Factors Enhancing the Expansion of Alien Cyanobacteria 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Impact of Cyanobacterial Invasion on Ecosystem 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection III Sampling, Monitoring and Risk Management 41\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Health and Safety During Sampling and in the Laboratory 43\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eRoberta Congestri, James S. Metcalf , Luca Lucentini, and Federica Nigro Di Gregorio\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Sampling Safety 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Laboratory Safety 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Cyanotoxin Production and Application 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Contamination due to Equipment, Glassware, and Accidents 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Basic Guide to Detection and Monitoring of Potentially Toxic Cyanobacteria 46\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eNico Salmaso, Cécile Bernard , Jean‐François Humbert, Reyhan Akçaalan, Meriç Albay, Andreas Ballot , Arnaud Catherine, Jutta Fastner , Kerstin Häggqvist, Mária Horecká, Katarzyna Izydorczyk, Latife Köker , Jiří Komárek, Selma Maloufi, Joanna Mankiewicz‐Boczek, James S. Metcalf , Antonio Quesada, Catherine Quiblier , and Claude Yéprémian\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Monitoring of Cyanobacteria: Sampling Strategies 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Cyanobacterial Identification and Quantification 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 6.1 Testing Phytoplankton Distributions: χ2 Test (Pearson Goodness‐of‐Fit Test) 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Case Studies of Environmental Sampling, Detection, and Monitoring of Potentially Toxic Cyanobacteria 70\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eKerstin Häggqvist, Reyhan Akçaalan, Isidora Echenique‐Subiabre, Jutta Fastner , Mária Horecká, Jean‐François Humbert, Katarzyna Izydorczyk, Tomasz Jurczak, Mikołaj Kokociński, Tore Lindholm, Joanna Mankiewicz‐Boczek, Antonio Quesada, Catherine Quiblier, and Nico Salmaso\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Shallow Lakes 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Deep Lakes 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Reservoirs 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Rivers 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 The Baltic Sea 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Waterbodies Used for Drinking Water Production 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 New Tools for the Monitoring of Cyanobacteria in Freshwater Ecosystems 84\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJean‐François Humbert and Andrea Törökné\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Use of Photosynthetic Pigments for the In Situ Quantification of Cyanobacteria and Other Phytoplankton in Water 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Integration of Physicochemical and Fluorescence Sensors in Buoys 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 New Methods for Automatic Cell Counting in Water Samples 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Remote Sensing of Cyanobacterial Blooms in Inland, Coastal, and Ocean Waters 89\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003ePeter D. Hunter , Mark W. Matthews , Tiit Kutser , and Andrew N. Tyler\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Bio‐optical Properties of Marine and Inland Waters 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Platforms and Sensors 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Overview of Approaches 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Case Study Examples 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Future Prospects 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 The Italian System for Cyanobacterial Risk Management in Drinking Water Chains 100\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLuca Lucentini, Liliana La Sala , Rossella Colagrossi , and Roberta Congestri\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Risk Assessment of Toxic Cyanobacterial Outbreaks in Water for Human Consumption in Italy 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Framework of Risk Management of Toxic Cyanobacterial Outbreaks in Water for Human Consumption 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Risk Information and Communication 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection IV Toxins and Bioactive\/Noxious Compounds from Cyanobacteria 107\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Microcystins and Nodularins 109\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eArnaud Catherine, Cécile Bernard, Lisa Spoof , and Milena Bruno\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Chemical Characteristics and Diversity of Microcystins and Nodularins 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Biosynthesis and Genetics of MC and NOD Production 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Occurrence of MCs and NODs 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Toxicological Effects and Associated Health Risk 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Available Methods for the Analysis of MCs and NODs 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Cylindrospermopsin and Congeners 127\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMikołaj Kokociński, Ana Maria Cameán, Shmuel Carmeli, Remedios Guzmán‐Guillén, Ángeles Jos, Joanna Mankiewicz‐Boczek , James S. Metcalf , Isabel Maria Moreno, Ana Isabel Prieto, and Assaf Sukenik\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Chemical Characteristics of Cylindrospermopsin and Congeners 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Genes Involved in CYN Biosynthesis 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 CYN Producers and Distribution 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Toxicity of CYN 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 The Biological Role of CYN 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Degradation of CYN 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Available Methods for Determining CYN in Waters 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Anatoxin‐a, Homoanatoxin‐a, and Natural Analogues 138\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMilena Bruno, Olivier Ploux, James S. Metcalf , Annick Mejean, Barbara Pawlik‐Skowronska, and Ambrose Furey\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Chemical Structure, Synthesis, and Reactivity 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Biosynthesis of ANTX, HANTX, and dihydroANTX 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Occurrence and Producing Strains 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Toxicity and Pharmacology 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Analytical Methodologies 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Saxitoxin and Analogues 148\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndreas Ballot, Cécile Bernard, and Jutta Fastner\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Toxicity of STXs 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Occurrence 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Genetics and Biosynthesis 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Detection Methods 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Guidance Values or National Regulations or Recommendations for Managing STXs 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Anatoxin‐a(S) 155\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJames S. Metcalf and Milena Bruno\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Chemical Structure of Anatoxin‐a(S) 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Biosynthesis 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Occurrence and Producing Strains 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Toxicology and Pharmacology 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Analytical Methods for Determination and Quantification 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 β‐N‐Methylamino‐l‐Alanine and (S)‐2,4‐Diaminobutyric Acid 160\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eOlivier Ploux, Audrey Combes, Johan Eriksson, and James S. Metcalf\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Historical Overview 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Structure, Synthesis, and Molecular Properties 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Neurotoxicity 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Methods for Identification and Quantification 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Occurrence in Cyanobacteria, Plants, and Animals 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Lipopolysaccharide Endotoxins 165\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eSílvia Monteiro, Ricardo Santos, Luděk Bláha, and Geoffrey A. Codd\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Lipopolysaccharide Endotoxins: Structure 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Occurrence of LPS Endotoxins 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Toxic Effects of LPS Endotoxins 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Methods for Determination of LPS Endotoxins 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Cyanobacterial Retinoids 173\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eKunimitsu Kaya and Tomoharu Sano\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Detection of Retinoids Produced by Cyanobacteria 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Chemistry and Analysis of Retinoids 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Malformations by Cyanobacterial Retinoids 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Concluding Remarks 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Other Cyanobacterial Bioactive Substances 179\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTina Elersek, Luděk Bláha, Hanna Mazur‐Marzec, Wido Schmidt, and Shmuel Carmeli\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Aeruginosins and Spumigins 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Anabaenopeptins 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Biogenic Amines 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Depsipeptides 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.6 Endocrine Disruptors and Novel Tumour Promoters 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.7 Lyngbyatoxins and Other Toxins Produced by Lyngbya majuscula 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.8 Microginins 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.9 Microviridins 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Taste and Odour Compounds Produced by Cyanobacteria 196\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTriantafyllos Kaloudis, Theodoros M. Triantis, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Cyanobacterial Taste and Odour Compounds in Water Resources 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Analytical Methods for Taste and Odour Compounds 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection V Screening and Trace Analysis of Cyanotoxins 203\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Determination of Cyanotoxins by High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography with Photodiode Array 205\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnastasia Hiskia, Lisa Spoof , Triantafyllos Kaloudis, and Jussi Meriluoto\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction: Application of High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography for Different Classes of Cyanotoxins 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 HPLC of Microcystins and Nodularins 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 HPLC of Anatoxins 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 HPLC of Cylindrospermopsin 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Advantages and Disadvantages of HPLC‐PDA 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Determination of Cyanotoxins by High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Derivatization 212\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJames S. Metcalf and Paulo Baptista Pereira\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Principle of the Technique and Why It Is Used for Cyanotoxins 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Types of Reactions for Analysing Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Using High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Derivatization 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Types of Reactions for Analysing β‐N‐Methylamino‐l‐Alanine and Isomers by HPLC‐FLD 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 Need for Confirmatory Techniques with HPLC‐FLD 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry 218\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJosep Caixach, Cintia Flores, Lisa Spoof , Jussi Meriluoto, Wido Schmidt, Hanna Mazur‐Marzec, Anastasia Hiskia, Triantafyllos Kaloudis, and Ambrose Furey\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Introduction 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 Ion Sources 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Types of Mass Analysers 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Application of LC‐MS in Cyanotoxin Analyses 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.5 Overview of Quantitation: Cyanobacterial Toxins 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.6 Ion Suppression\/Enhancement Considerations 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.7 High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.8 MS Experiments for the Detection of Unknown Cyanotoxins 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.9 Performance Criteria of LC‐MS Methods for Identification and Quantification of Cyanotoxins 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Capillary Electrophoresis of Cyanobacterial Toxins 258\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eGábor Vasas\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Basic Theory and Introduction of Capillary Electrophoresis 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 Selection of Separation Methods 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 Detection Methods 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.4 CE Methods of Cyanobacterial Toxins 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5 Future Perspectives 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e25 Immunoassays and Other Antibody Applications 263\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJames S. Metcalf and Geoffrey A. Codd\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1 Introduction 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2 Production of Antibodies versus Cyanotoxins 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.3 Applications of Cyanotoxin Antibodies 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.4 Cyanotoxin Localisation and Quantification Using Antibodies 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.5 Other Cyanotoxin Antibody‐Related Technologies 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e26 Protein Phosphatase Inhibition Assays 267\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJames S. Metcalf , Anastasia Hiskia, and Triantafyllos Kaloudis\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.1 Background and Molecular Mechanism of Protein Phosphatase Inhibition 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.2 Classes of Compounds that Inhibit Protein Phosphatases 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3 Effects of Microcystins on Cyanobacterial Protein Phosphatases 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.4 The Basis of the PPIA Assay for Microcystins and Its Evolution 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.5 Comparison of PPIA with Other Analytical Methods for Microcystins 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.6 Commercially Available Kits for Microcystins 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.7 Improvements to the PPIA Assay to Make It More Specific to Microcystins 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.8 Conclusions about the Effectiveness of the PPIA Assay for Microcystins and Nodularins in Different Matrices 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e27 Bioassay Use in the Field of Toxic Cyanobacteria 272\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLuděk Bláha, Ana Maria Cameán , Valérie Fessard , Daniel Gutiérrez‐Praena , Ángeles Jos , Benjamin Marie , James S. Metcalf , Silvia Pichardo , María Puerto , Andrea Törökné , Gábor Vasas, and Bojana Žegura\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.1 Introduction 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.2 Drivers and Objectives for Bioassay Use 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.3 Classification and Terminology 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.4 Bioassays for the Effect Evaluation 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.5 Bioassays for Monitoring 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e28 Molecular Tools for the Detection of Toxigenic Cyanobacteria in Natural Ecosystems 280\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJean‐François Humbert\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.1 Introduction 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.2 Molecular Methods for the Monitoring of Potentially Toxic Cyanobacteria 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3 Strengths and Limitation of These Molecular Approaches 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.4 Conclusions 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection VI Methodological Considerations 285\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e29 Method Validation Guidelines for the Analysis of Cyanotoxins 287\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTheodoros M. Triantis, Triantafyllos Kaloudis, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.1 Introduction: Method Validation as a Requirement for Laboratory Accreditation 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.2 Performance Criteria and Validation Protocols for the Analysis of Cyanotoxins in Environmental Studies 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.3 Validation Issues Concerning the Analysis of Cyanotoxins 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e30 Interpretation, Significance, and Reporting of Results 292\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eGeoffrey A. Codd, Jutta Fastner , Tore Lindholm, Jussi Meriluoto, and James S. Metcalf\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.1 Introduction 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.2 Interpretation and Significance of Results 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.3 Reporting of Results and Maximization of Benefits 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.4 Examples, Debriefing 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e31 Lessons from the Užice Case: How to Complement Analytical Data 298\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eZorica Svirčev , Damjana Drobac , Nada Tokodi , Dunja Đenić , Jelica Simeunović , Anastasia Hiskia , Triantafyllos Kaloudis , Biljana Mijović , Stamenko Šušak , Mlađan Protić , Milka Vidović , Antonije Onjia , Sonja Nybom , Tamara Važić , Tamara Palanački Malešević , Tamara Dulić , Dijana Pantelić , Marina Vukašinović , and Jussi Meriluoto\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.1 Introduction 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.2 Vrutci Reservoir and the Cyanobacterial Bloom Detected in December 2013 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.3 Analytical Work: Toxin Analyses of Water, Cyanobacterial Biomass, and Fish from Reservoir Vrutci 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.4 Complementary Data on Toxicity and Observed Health Problems 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.5 Analytical and Supplementary Results Combined: A Plausible Reconstruction of Events in Vrutci Reservoir and the City of Užice 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.6 Conclusions from the Užice Case 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e32 Selection of Analytical Methodology for Cyanotoxin Analysis 309\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJussi Meriluoto , James S. Metcalf and Geoffrey A. Codd\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.1 Introduction 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.2 General Comparison of Physicochemical Analyses, Biochemical Methods, and Bioassays 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.3 Guidance for Selecting and Using Standard Operating Procedures Found in this Handbook 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.4 Methodology versus Required Response Time 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.5 Influence of Waterbody History on the Choice of Methods 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.6 Integration of the Results Obtained: Making Sense 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection VII Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) 313\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 1 Cyanobacterial Samples: Preservation, Enumeration, and Biovolume Measurements 315\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eArnaud Catherine, Selma Maloufi, Roberta Congestri, Emanuela Viaggiu, and Renata Pilkaityte\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 2 Chlorophyll a Extraction and Determination 331\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eClaude Yéprémian, Arnaud Catherine, Cécile Bernard, Roberta Congestri, Tina Elersek, and Renata Pilkaityte\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 3 Phycocyanin Extraction and Determination 335\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eClaude Yéprémian, Arnaud Catherine, Cécile Bernard, Roberta Congestri, Tina Elersek, and Renata Pilkaityte\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 4 Analysis of Picocyanobacteria Abundance in Epifluorescence Microscopy 339\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eIwona Jasser and Cristiana Callieri\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 5 Estimation of Cyanobacteria Biomass by Marker Pigment Analysis 343\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJean‐Pierre Descy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 6 Extraction of Cyanotoxins from Cyanobacterial Biomass 350\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLeonardo Cerasino, Jussi Meriluoto, Luděk Bláha, Shmuel Carmeli, Triantafyllos Kaloudis, and Hanna Mazur‐Marzec\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 7 Solid‐Phase Extraction of Microcystins and Nodularin from Drinking Water 354\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTheodoros M. Triantis, Triantafyllos Kaloudis, Sevasti-Kiriaki Zervou, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 8 Extraction of Microcystins from Animal Tissues 358\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eOndřej Adamovský and Luděk Bláha\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 9 Analysis of Microcystins by Online Solid Phase Extraction–Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry 362\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eCintia Flores and Josep Caixach\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 10 Determination of Microcystins and Nodularin in Filtered and Drinking Water by LC‐MS\/MS 372\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTheodoros M. Triantis, Triantafyllos Kaloudis, Sevasti-Kiriaki Zervou, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 11 Analysis of Microcystins and Nodularin by Ultra High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry 379\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLeonardo Cerasino\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 12 Analysis of Microcystins in Animal Tissues Using LC‐MS\/MS 385\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJiří Kohoutek and Luděk Bláha\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 13 Quantitative Screening of Microcystins and Nodularin in Water Samples with Commercially Available ELISA Kits 390\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTriantafyllos Kaloudis, Theodoros M. Triantis, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 14 Quantitative Screening of Microcystins and Nodularin in Water Samples with Commercially Available PPIA Kits 393\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTriantafyllos Kaloudis, Theodoros M. Triantis, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 15 Solid‐Phase Extraction of Cylindrospermopsin from Filtered and Drinking Water 396\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTheodoros M. Triantis, Triantafyllos Kaloudis, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 16 Determination of Cylindrospermopsin in Filtered and Drinking Water by LC‐MS\/MS 399\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTheodoros M. Triantis, Triantafyllos Kaloudis, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 17 Solid‐Phase Extraction of Anatoxin‐a from Filtered and Drinking Water 405\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTheodoros M. Triantis, Triantafyllos Kaloudis, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 18 Determination of Anatoxin‐a in Filtered and Drinking Water by LC‐MS\/MS 408\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTheodoros M. Triantis, Triantafyllos Kaloudis, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 19 Analysis of Anatoxin‐a and Cylindrospermopsin by Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry 413\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLeonardo Cerasino\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 20 Extraction and Chemical Analysis of Saxitoxin and Analogues in Water 418\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLutz Imhof and Wido Schmidt\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 21 Extraction of BMAA from Cyanobacteria 432\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJames S. Metcalf, Sandra A. Banack, and Paul A. Cox\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 22 Analysis of β-N‐Methylamino‐l‐Alanine by UHPLC‐MS\/MS 435\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJames S. Metcalf, William B. Glover, Sandra A. Banack, and Paul A. Cox\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 23 Extraction and LC‐MS\/MS Analysis of Underivatised BMAA 439\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eElisabeth J. Faassen\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 24 Extraction, Purification, and Testing of LPS from Cyanobacterial Samples 447\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLucie Bláhová and Luděk Bláha\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 25 Extraction and Chemical Analysis of Planktopeptin and Anabaenopeptins 452\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eHanna Mazur‐Marzec, Tina Elersek, and Agata Błaszczyk\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 26 Thamnocephalus Test 462\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndrea Törökné\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 27 Determination of Geosmin and 2‐Methylisoborneol in Water by HS‐SPME‐GC\/MS 469\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTriantafyllos Kaloudis, Theodoros M. Triantis, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 28 Rapid Analysis of Geosmin and 2‐Methylisoborneol from Aqueous Samples Using Solid‐Phase Extraction and GC‐MS 475\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eChristine Edwards, Craig McKenzie, Carlos Joao Pestana, Kyari Yates, and Linda A. Lawton\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSOP 29 Basic Validation Protocol for the Analysis of Cyanotoxins in Environmental Samples 481\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTriantafyllos Kaloudis, Theodoros M. Triantis, and Anastasia Hiskia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection VIII Appendices 487\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 1 Cyanobacterial Species and Recent Synonyms 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 2 Cyanobacteria Associated With the Production of Cyanotoxins 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 3 Tables of Microcystins and Nodularins 526\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 538\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49406978490711,"sku":"9781119068686","price":143.95,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119068686.jpg?v=1730497766","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/handbook-of-cyanobacterial-monitoring-and-cyanotoxin-analysis-9781119068686","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}