{"product_id":"gravelbed-rivers-9781118971406","title":"GravelBed Rivers","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eWith contributions from key researchers across the globe, and edited by internationally recognized leading academics, \u003ci\u003eGravel-bed Rivers: Processes and Disasters \u003c\/i\u003epresents the definitive review of current knowledge of gravel-bed rivers. Continuing an established and successful series of scholarly reports, this book consists of the papers presented at the 8th International Gravel-bed Rivers Workshop. Focusing on all the recent progress that has been made in the field, subjects covered include flow, physical modeling, sediment transport theory, techniques and instrumentation, morphodynamics and ecological topics, with special attention given to aspects of disasters relevant to sediment supply and integrated river management. This up-to-date compendium is essential reading for geomorphologists, river engineers and ecologists, river managers, fluvial sedimentologists and advanced students in these fields.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xxv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Computational Models of Flow, Sediment Transport and Morphodynamics in Rivers 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eCristian Escauriaza, Chris Paola, and Vaughan R. Voller\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Numerical Simulations in Rivers 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Choosing the Right Modeling Approach 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Next Steps in Modeling 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Concluding Questions 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Boulder Effects on Turbulence and Bedload Transport 33\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eA.N. (Thanos) Papanicolaou and Achilleas G. Tsakiris\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Boulders in the Riverine Continuum 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Scope and Objectives of the Study 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Dataset Selection and Methodology 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Mean Flow Field Around a Single, Wall-Mounted Boulder 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Mean Vortex Structure Around a Wall-Mounted Boulder 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Collective Effects of the Boulder Array 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Sediment Transport Within a Boulder Array 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Morphology of Depositional Patches Around Boulders 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Concluding Remarks 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation and Abbreviations 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Granular Flows Applied to Gravel-Bed Rivers: Particle-Scale Studies of the Mobilization of a Gravel Bed by the Addition of Fines 73\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eKimberly M. Hill and Danielle Tan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Insights from Rheological Models of Dry Dense Granular Flows 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Discrete Element Model Simulations of Bimodal Mixtures in Bedload Transport 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Conclusions 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation and Abbreviations 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Particle Motions and Bedload Theory: The Entrainment Forms of the Flux and the Exner Equation 97\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDavid Jon Furbish, Siobhan L. Fathel, and Mark W. Schmeeckle\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Sediment Ensembles and Rarefied Conditions 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Entrainment Forms of the Flux and the Exner Equation 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Distributions of Hop Distances and Travel Times 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 The Meaning of Continuous Functions Applied to Conditions of Rarefied Transport 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Conclusions 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Revisiting the Morphological Approach: Opportunities and Challenges with Repeat High-Resolution Topography 121\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDamià Vericat, Joseph M. Wheaton, and James Brasington\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 The Morphological Approach: a Primer 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Applying a Morphological Approach with HRT 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Discussion 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Conclusions 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Geomorphic Controls on Tracer Particle Dispersion in Gravel-Bed Rivers 159\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMarwan A. Hassan and D. Nathan Bradley\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Bedload Estimates Using Tracers 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Scales of Particle Motion 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Types of Tracer Experiments and a Review of Results 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Practical Relations for Travel Distance 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Virtual Velocity 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Burial Depth and Vertical Mixing 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Depth of the Active Layer 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Morphology 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.10 Bed Texture 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.11 Closing Remarks 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Bedload Transport Measurements with Geophones, Hydrophones, and Underwater Microphones (Passive Acoustic Methods) 185\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDieter Rickenmann\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Particle Impact Systems 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Underwater Microphones 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Important Findings Related to System Calibration 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Some Operational Aspects to be Considered For Different Systems 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Conclusions 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussions 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Calibration of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Apparent Bedload Velocity to Bedload Transport Rate 209\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eColin D. Rennie, Damià Vericat, Richard D. Williams, James Brasington, and Murray Hicks\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 aDcp Apparent Bedload Velocity 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Previous Calibration Efforts 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Rees River Survey: New Fractional Calibration Data 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Discussion 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Conclusions 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Modeling Surface–Subsurface Exchange of Heat and Nutrients 235\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDaniele Tonina, Alessandra Marzadri, and Alberto Bellin\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Hyporheic Hydraulics 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Hyporheic Residence Time 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Damköhler Numbers 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Role of Stream Morphology on Nitrous Oxide Emissions 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Conclusions and Research Needs 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Ecological Effects of Flow Intermittence in Gravel-Bed Rivers 261\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eThibault Datry\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Flow Intermittence in GBRs from a Hydrological Perspective 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Flow Intermittence in GBRs: an Ecohydrological Perspective 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Intermittent GBRs as Coupled Aquatic–Terrestrial Disturbed Ecosystems 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Flow Intermittence in GBRs: Research Needs and Open Questions 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Catastrophic Deposition of Gravel from Outbreak Floods 299\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003ePaul A. Carling\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Depositional Context 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 A Framework for Description of Megaflood Sedimentary Successions 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Typical Sequences Within a Succession 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Discussion 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Conclusions 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Linkage Between Sediment Transport and Supply in Mountain Rivers 329\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMikaël Attal\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Sediment Supply to Mountain Rivers and its Influence on the Characteristics of the Sediment Available for Fluvial Transport 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Influence of Varying Sediment Availability on Sediment Transport and Export During Floods 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Concluding Remarks 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Geomorphic Responses to Dam Removal in the United States – a Two-Decade Perspective 355\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJon J. Major, Amy E. East, Jim E. O’Connor, Gordon E. Grant, Andrew C. Wilcox, Christopher S. Magirl, Mathias J. Collins, and Desiree D. Tullos\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Reservoir and Downstream Channel Responses to Dam Removal 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Factors Influencing Responses to Dam Removals 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Time Scales of Channel Responses to Dam Removals 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Common Findings from Analyses of Responses to Dam Removals 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Reservoir Sediment Flushing and Replenishment Below Dams: Insights from Japanese Case Studies 385\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTetsuya Sumi, Sameh Kantoush, Taymaz Esmaeili, and Giyoung Ock\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Present State of Reservoir Sedimentation in Japan 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Selecting Suitable Sediment Management Options 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Sediment Flushing 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Sediment Replenishment 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Conclusions 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgment 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Bedload Transport in Laboratory Rivers: The Erosion–Deposition Model 415\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eEric Lajeunesse, Olivier Devauchelle, Florent Lachaussée, and Philippe Claudin\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 The Erosion–Deposition Model 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Deposition Length and Bedforms 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Spreading of a Plume of Tracers 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Conclusions 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Bedforms, Structures, Patches, and Sediment Supply in Gravel-Bed Rivers 439\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJeremy G. Venditti, Peter A. Nelson, Ryan W. Bradley, Dan Haught, and Alessandro B. Gitto\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Bedload Transport, Sediment Supply, and Bed Mobility 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Bed Features in Gravel-Bed Rivers 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 A Phase Diagram for Bed Features in a Gravel-Bedded River 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Perspective and Conclusions 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 464\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Linking Debris Flows and Landslides to Large Floods in Gravel-Bed Rivers 467\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLorenzo Marchi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Interactions Between Mass Wasting and Floods in Gravel-Bed Rivers 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Approaches to Prediction 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Discussion 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Conclusions 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Gravel Riverbed Processes Resulting from Large-Scale Landslides 497\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eChjeng-Lun Shieh and Yu-Shiu Chen\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Case Study: Shoufeng River 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Case Study: Taimaili River 508\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Conclusion 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Gravel-Bed River Management Focusing on Finer Sediment Behaviour 517\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eKoichi Fujita\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction 517\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Background Information 518\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Vital Points to Advance Channel Management Strategy 522\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Role of Finer Sediment in the Expansion of Dense Vegetation Areas in Segment-1G\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReaches 526\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Floodplain Accretion by Finer Sediment Deposition and Resulting Channel Narrowing in Segment-2G Reaches 532\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.6 Engineering Framework for Gravel-Bed River Management 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 542\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 543\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 544\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Lahar Flow Disaster, Human Activities, and Risk Mitigation on Volcanic Rivers: Case Study of Rivers on Mount Merapi Slopes, Indonesia 549\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDjoko Legono and Adam Pamudji Rahardjo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction 549\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Riverbed Characteristics 552\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Human Activities 554\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Sediment Management and Risk Mitigation 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Conclusions 564\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 564\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 565\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 A Method for Estimating the Porosity of Sediment Mixtures and Application to a Bed-Porosity Variation Model 567\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMasaharu Fujita, Muhammad Sulaiman, and Daizo\u003c\/i\u003e \u003ci\u003eTsutsumi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction 567\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Identification of Grain-Size Distribution 569\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Relationship Between the Geometric Parameters of Grain-Size Distributions and Porosity 576\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 An Algorithm for Estimating the Porosity 581\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Application to Bed-Porosity Variation Model 583\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Conclusions 586\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 586\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 586\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 588\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Gravel Sorting and Variation of Riverbeds Containing Gravel, Sand, Silt, and Clay 591\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMasato Sekine and Yuki Hiramatsu\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Introduction 591\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Summary of Experiments 592\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Vertical Sorting and Variation of the Riverbed with Extremely Wide Range\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eof Sediment Sizes 597\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 Variation of a Clay Bed Caused by Sand or Gravel Transport Over It 601\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5 Conclusions 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation 607\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement 608\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 608\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 Modeling Stratigraphy-Based Gravel-Bed River Morphodynamics 609\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eEnrica Viparelli, Astrid Blom, and Ricardo R. Hernandez Moreira\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Introduction 609\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 Model Formulation 612\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Application to a Case Inspired by the Trinity River, California, United States 621\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Conclusions 630\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation 631\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 633\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 633\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 636\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Sediment Processes in Bedrock–Alluvial Rivers: Research Since 2010 and Modelling the Impact of Fluctuating Sediment Supply on Sediment Cover 639\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eRebecca A. Hodge\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Introduction 639\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 Differences Between Sediment Processes in Alluvial and Bedrock–Alluvial Channels 639\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 Review of Sediment Processes in Bedrock–alluvial Rivers Since 2010 640\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.4 Literature Review Findings and Cross-Cutting Themes 646\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5 Outstanding Research Questions 647\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.6 Implications for Modelling Sediment Processes in Bedrock–Alluvial Rivers 650\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.7 An Application of a Numerical Model of Sediment Processes 651\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.8 Conclusions 663\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 664\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 664\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 668\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e25 Modelling Braided Channels Under Unsteady Flow and the Effect of Spatiotemporal Change of Vegetation on Bed and Channel Geometry 671\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eHiroshi Takebayashi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1 Introduction 671\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2 Numerical Analysis Method 674\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.3 Flume Experiments: Method and Hydraulic Conditions 685\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.4 Results and Discussion 685\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.5 Conclusions 694\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotation 696\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 698\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 699\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 701\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e26 Modelling of Mixed-Sediment Morphodynamics in Gravel-Bed Rivers Using the Active-Layer Approach: Insights from Mathematical and Numerical Analysis 703\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnnunziato Siviglia, Guglielmo Stecca, and Astrid Blom\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.1 Introduction 703\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.2 The Saint-Venant–Hirano Model 705\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3 Mathematical Analysis 708\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.4 Assessment of Numerical Solutions 717\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.5 Conclusions and Research Perspectives 722\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 725\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 726\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 728\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e27 Physical and Numerical Modelling of Large Wood and Vegetation in Rivers 729\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eWalter Bertoldi and Virginia Ruiz-Villanueva\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.1 Introduction 729\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.2 Physical Modelling of Vegetation 730\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.3 Numerical Modelling of Riparian Vegetation 735\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.4 Physical Modelling of Large Wood 739\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.5 Numerical Modelling of Instream Large Wood Transport 742\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.6 Future Challenges 747\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 748\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 748\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e28 Fluvial Gravels on Mars: Analysis and Implications 755\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eWilliam E. Dietrich, Marisa C. Palucis, Rebecca M. E. Williams, Kevin W. Lewis, Frances Rivera-Hernandez, and Dawn Y. Sumner\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.1 Introduction 755\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.2 First Observations of Fluvial Conglomerates on Mars 756\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3 Some Fluvial Conglomerates on the Way to Mount Sharp 758\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.4 Estimates of Stream Velocity, Channel Discharge, and Gravel Mobility on Mars 759\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.5 Runoff Volume and Implications for Climate 773\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.6 Conclusions 775\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 776\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 776\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 779\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 785\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley and Sons Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53515637490007,"sku":"9781118971406","price":154.76,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/gravelbed-rivers-9781118971406","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}