{"product_id":"geomorphology-and-natural-hazards-9781119990314","title":"Geomorphology and Natural Hazards","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNatural disasters are occasional intense events that disturb Earth's surface, but their impact can be felt long after. Hazard events such as earthquakes, volcanos, drought, and storms can trigger a catastrophic reshaping of the landscape through the erosion, transport, and deposition of different kinds of materials.    Geomorphology and Natural Hazards: Understanding Landscape Change for Disaster Mitigation is a graduate level textbook that explores the natural hazards resulting from landscape change and shows how an Earth science perspective can inform hazard mitigation and disaster impact reduction.    Volume highlights include: Definitions of hazards, risks, and disastersImpact of different natural hazards on Earth surface processesGeomorphologic insights for hazard assessment and risk mitigationModels for predicting natural hazardsHow human activities have altered 'natural' hazardsComplementarity of geomorphology and engineering to manage threats\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Natural Disasters and Sustainable Development in Dynamic Landscapes \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Breaking News 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Dealing with Future Disasters: Potentials and Problems 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 The Sustainable Society 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Benefits from Natural Disasters 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Summary 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Defining Natural Hazards, Risks, and Disasters \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e19\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Hazard Is Tied To Assets 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Frequency and Magnitude 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Hazard Cascades 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Defining and Measuring Disaster 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Trends in Natural Disasters 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Hazard is Part of Risk 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Vulnerability 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Elements at Risk 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Risk Aversion 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4 Risk is a Multidisciplinary Expectation of Loss 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Risk Management and the Risk Cycle 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Uncertainties and Reality Check 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 A Future of More Extreme Events? 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Read More About Natural Hazards and Disasters 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Natural Hazards and Disasters Through the Geomorphic Lens \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e49\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Drivers of Earth Surface Processes 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Gravity, Solids, and Fluids 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Motion Mainly Driven by Gravity 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Motion Mainly Driven by Water 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.4 Motion Mainly Driven by Ice 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.5 Motion Driven Mainly by Air 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Natural Hazards and Geomorphic Concepts 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Landscapes are Open, Nonlinear Systems 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Landscapes Adjust to Maximize Sediment Transport 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Tectonically Active Landscapes Approach a Dynamic Equilibrium 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Landforms Develop Toward Asymptotes 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5 Landforms Record Recent Most Effective Events 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.6 Disturbances Travel Through Landscapes 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.7 Scaling Relationships Inform Natural Hazards 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Geomorphology Informs Natural Hazard Assessment \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e77\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Geomorphology Can Reduce Impacts from Natural Disasters 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Aims of Applied Geomorphology 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 The Geomorphic Footprints of Natural Disasters 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Examples of Hazard Cascades 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Megathrust Earthquakes, Cascadia Subduction Zone 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Postseismic River Aggradation, Southwest New Zealand 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Explosive Eruptions and their Geomorphic Aftermath, Southern Volcanic Zone, Chile 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Hotter Droughts Promote Less Stable Landscapes, Western United States 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Tools for Predicting Natural Hazards \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e97\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 The Art of Prediction 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Types of Models for Prediction 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Empirical Models 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Linking Landforms and Processes 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Regression Models 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Classification Models 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Probabilistic Models 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Probability Expresses Uncertainty 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Probability Is More than Frequency 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 Extreme-value Statistics 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.4 Stochastic Processes 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.5 Hazard Cascades, Event Trees, and Network Models 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Prediction and Model Selection 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Deterministic Models 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 Static Stability Models 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 Dynamic Models 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Earthquake Hazards \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e145\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Earthquakes 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Earthquakes 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 The Seismic Hazard Cascade 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Postseismic and Interseismic Impacts 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Earthquakes 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Offset Landforms 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Fault Trenching 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Coseismic Deposits 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Buildings and Trees 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Volcanic Hazards \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e173\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Volcanic Eruptions 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Volcanic Eruptions 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 The Volcanic Hazard Cascade 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Geomorphic Impacts During Eruption 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Impacts on the Atmosphere 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Geomorphic Impacts Following an Eruption 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Volcanic Impacts 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Effusive Eruptions 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Explosive Eruptions 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Climate-Driven Changes in Crustal Loads 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Landslides and Slope Instability \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e203\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Landslides 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Landslides 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Landslides in the Hazard Cascade 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Landslides on Glaciers 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Submarine Landslides 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Landslides 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Landslide Inventories 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Reconstructing Slope Failures 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Other Forms of Slope Instability: Soil Erosion and Land Subsidence 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Climate Change and Landslides 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Tsunami Hazards \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e233\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Tsunamis 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Tsunamis 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Tsunamis in the Hazard Cascade 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 The Role of Coastal Geomorphology 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Tsunamis 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Future Tsunami Hazards 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Storm Hazards \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e257\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Storms 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1 Tropical Storms 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.2 Extratropical Storms 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Storms 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 The Coastal Storm-Hazards Cascade 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 The Inland Storm-Hazard Cascade 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Storms 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Coastal Settings 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Inland Settings 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Naturally Oscillating Climate and Increasing Storminess 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Flood Hazards \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e285\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Floods 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Floods 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Floods in the Hazard Cascade 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Natural Dam-break Floods 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Channel Avulsion 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Floods 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Lessons from Prehistoric Megafloods 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Measures of Catchment Denudation 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 The Future of Flood Hazards 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Drought Hazards \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e323\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Droughts 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Defining Drought 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Measuring Drought 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Droughts 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Droughts in the Hazard Cascade 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Soil Erosion, Dust Storms, and Dune Building 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Surface Runoff and Rivers 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Drought Impacts 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Towards More Megadroughts? 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Wildfire Hazards \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e345\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Wildfires 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Wildfires 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Wildfires in the Hazard Cascade 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Direct Fire Impacts 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.3 Indirect and Postfire Impacts 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Wildfires 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Towards More Megafires? 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Snow and Ice Hazards \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e365\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Snow and Ice Hazards 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Geomorphic Impact of Snow and Ice Hazards 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Snow and Ice in the Hazard Cascade 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Snow and Ice Avalanches 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Jökulhlaups 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.4 Degrading Permafrost 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.5 Other Ice Hazards 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Snow and Ice Processes 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Atmospheric Warming and Cryospheric Hazards 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Sea-Level Change and Coastal Hazards \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e395\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Frequency and Magnitude of Sea-Level Change 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Geomorphic Impacts of Sea-Level Change 404\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Sea Levels in the Hazard Cascade 404\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 Sedimentary Coasts 404\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.3 Rocky Coasts 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Geomorphic Tools for Reconstructing Past Sea Levels 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 A Future of Rising Sea Levels 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 How Natural are Natural Hazards? \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e419\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Enter the Anthropocene 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Agriculture, Geomorphology, and Natural Hazards 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Engineered Rivers 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Engineered Coasts 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Anthropogenic Sediments 438\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 The Urban Turn 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Infrastructure’s Impacts on Landscapes 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8 Humans and Atmospheric Warming 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9 How Natural Are Natural Hazards and Disasters? 448\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Feedbacks with the Biosphere \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e457\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 The Carbon Footprint of Natural Disasters 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.1 Erosion and Intermittent Burial 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.2 Organic Carbon in River Catchments 466\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.3 Climatic Disturbances 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Protective Functions 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.1 Forest Ecosystems 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.2 Coastal Ecosystems 478\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 The Scope of Geomorphology in Dealing with Natural Risks and Disasters \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e495\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Motivation 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 The Geomorphologist’s Role 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 The Disaster Risk Management Process 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.1 Identify Stakeholders 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.2 Know and Share Responsibilities 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.3 Understand that Risk Changes 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.4 Analyse Risk 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.5 Communicate and Deal with Risk Aversion 505\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.6 Evaluate Risks 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.7 Share Decision Making 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 The Future – Beyond Risk? 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.1 Limitations of the Risk Approach 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.2 Local and Regional Disaster Impact Reduction 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.3 Relocation of Assets 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.4 A Way Forward? 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 516\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Geomorphology as a Tool for Predicting and Reducing Impacts from Natural Disasters \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e519\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Natural Disasters Have Immediate and Protracted Geomorphic Consequences 519\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Natural Disasters Motivate Predictive Geomorphology 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Natural Disasters Disturb Sediment Fluxes 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Geomorphology of Anthropocenic Disasters 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 523\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlossary 525\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 531\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49407200428375,"sku":"9781119990314","price":40.8,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119990314.jpg?v=1730498542","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/geomorphology-and-natural-hazards-9781119990314","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}