{"product_id":"first-farmers-9781119706342","title":"First Farmers","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Figures xii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface to the first edition of \u003ci\u003eFirst Farmers \u003c\/i\u003e(2005) xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface to the second edition of \u003ci\u003eFirst Farmers \u003c\/i\u003e(2023) xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 The Early Farming Dispersal Hypothesis in Perspective 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroducing the Hypothesis 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Disciplinary Players 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBroad Perspectives 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSome Thoughts on Causation and Approach 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 The Origins and Dispersals of Food Production 12\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMatters of Definition 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Changed with Food Production? 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Significance of Agriculture: Productivity and\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePopulation Numbers 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Were the Practicalities behind Plant Domestication? 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForager versus Farmer: An Easy Behavioral Choice? 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy Did Food Production Develop in the First Place? 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWere There Any Regularities in the Origins of Food Production across the World? 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFocusing on the Holocene as an Essential Environmental Background for Food Production 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgricultural Adoption: The View from Ethnography 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe “Encapsulated” Hunter-Gatherers of Africa and Asia 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Independent Hunter-Gatherers of Australia, the Andamans, and the Americas 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHunter-Gatherers with Food-producing Ancestries 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy Did Ethnographic Hunter-Gatherers Not Become Food Producers? 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo the Archaeological Record 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Final Observation 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 The Beginnings of Food Production in the Fertile Crescent 49\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroducing the Fertile Crescent 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Fertile Crescent Environment at the Dawn of Agriculture 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Domestication of Plants in the Fertile Crescent 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Fertile Crescent Domesticated Animals 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Hunter-Gatherer Background to Farming in the Fertile Crescent 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Fertile Crescent Neolithic: The Rise of Villages, Towns, and Food Production 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Pre-Pottery Neolithic A and Its Contemporaries (c. 9500–8500 BCE) 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Pre-Pottery Neolithic B and Its Contemporaries (c. 8500–7000 BCE) 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Observations on the PPNB World 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Pre-Pottery Neolithic on the Move: The Zagros, Central Anatolia, and Cyprus 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Real Turning Point in the Neolithic Revolution 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 The Spreads of Food Production beyond the Fertile Crescent: Europe, the Middle East, and South Asia 81\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Spread of the Neolithic Economy through Europe 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWestern Anatolia 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Aegean, Greece, and the Northern Mediterranean Littoral 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Balkans, and the Danubians of the Linearbandkeramik (LBK) 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorthern Europe 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe British Isles 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Western Steppes: The Lower Danube to the Urals 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEuropean Neolithic Societies 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgricultural Dispersals to the East of the Fertile Crescent 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Indian Subcontinent (South Asia) 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Domesticated Crops of the Indian Subcontinent 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegional Trajectories into Food Production in South Asia:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Consequences of Mehrgarh 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWestern India: Extending beyond the Harappan 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouthern India 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Ganges Basin and Northeast India 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurope and South Asia Compared 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Africa: Multiple Routes into Food Production 109\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThree African Themes 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe African Continent 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBefore Farming: The Green Sahara 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Spread of the Fertile Crescent Agricultural Complex into Egypt 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe North African Littoral 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePastoralism before Crop Agriculture in Northeastern Africa? 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Origins of the African Domesticated Plants 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Appearance of Agriculture in Central and Southern Africa 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Summary for Africa 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 The Beginnings of Agriculture in East Asia 127\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Environmental Background to Early Agriculture in East Asia 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Domesticated Plants and Animals of East Asia 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Cultural Background to Early Agriculture in East Asia 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhere and How the Millets and Rice Became Domesticated 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgriculture and Migration in China 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Archaeological Record of the Early Neolithic in the Liao and Yellow River Basins 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Archaeological Record of the Early Neolithic in the Yangtze Basin 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDemographic Trends in Neolithic China 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLater Developments (Post-5000 BCE) in the Chinese Neolithic 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 The Dispersals of Food Producers into Southeast Asia and Oceania 150\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Hunter-Gatherer Background to the Arrival of Farmers in Mainland Southeast Asia 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Oldest Neolithic Assemblages in Guangxi and Northern Vietnam 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst Farmers across Mainland Southeast Asia 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly Farmers in Taiwan and Island Southeast Asia 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Archaeological Record of Food Production in Island Southeast Asia 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe New Guinea Agricultural Trajectory and Its Role in Pacific Colonization 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly Farmers as First Settlers in Remote Oceania 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Early Agriculture in the Americas 176\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSome Necessary Background to Early American Food Production 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Geography of Early Agriculture in the Americas 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaize 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Important Crops 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouth America: The Andes 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmazonia 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMiddle America (with Mesoamerica) 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Southwest USA 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOf Pipelines and Freeways 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmigrant Mesoamerican Farmers in the US Southwest? 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndependent Agricultural Origins in the Eastern Woodlands 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 What Do Language Families Mean for Human Prehistory? 212\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLanguage Families, and How They Have Evolved 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eText Box; The Austronesian languages and their speakers 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Identification and Phylogenetic Study of Language Families 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOf Trees and Rakes 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAt What Rates Do Languages Change through Time? 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMissing Links? 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow Did Languages and Language Families Spread? 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLanguages in Competition: Language Shift 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhere to Next? 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 The Profound Impact of the Fertile Crescent 235\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhere Did the Indo-European Family Originate, and When? 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Pontic Steppes Origin for the Indo-European Languages? 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElamite and Dravidian, and the Indo-Iranians 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Afro-Asiatic Language Family 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Background to a Genetic Perspective 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenomic Evidence for Neolithic Migration Out of the Fertile Crescent 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndo-European from the Pontic Steppes? The Genetic Perspective 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFertile Crescent DNA Heads East 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA New Genetic Perspective on Indo-European Origins? 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenomic Ancestry and the Afro-Asiatic Language Family 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Asia, Oceania, Africa, The Americas 268\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe East Asian Language Families 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSino-Tibetan 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTranseurasian 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Mainland Southeast Asian Language Families 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAustroasiatic 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKra-Dai (Tai-Kadai) and Hmong-Mien 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIsland Southeast Asia and Oceania – Austronesian 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenomic Perspectives on Early Farmer and Language Family Dispersals in Southern China, Southeast Asia, and Oceania 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhence the Polynesians and Micronesians? 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWas Taiwan a Likely Genomic Homeland for Austronesian-speaking Populations? 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhich Neolithic Populations in China Contributed Genes to Southeast Asian and Pacific Populations? 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOceania: The Trans-New Guinea Family 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe African Language Families 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Nilo-Saharan Family and the Khoisan Language Group 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Niger-Congo Family, with Its Bantu Subgroup 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Americas 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMiddle America, Mesoamerica, and the US Southwest 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUto-Aztecan 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouth America 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEastern North America 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 The Early Farming Dispersal Hypothesis: Two Decades Later 316\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 319\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley and Sons Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49407126438231,"sku":"9781119706342","price":36.05,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119706342.jpg?v=1730498272","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/first-farmers-9781119706342","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}