{"product_id":"first-farmers-9780631205654","title":"First Farmers","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eFirst Farmers: the Origins of Agricultural Societies\u003c\/i\u003e offers readers an understanding of the origins and histories of early agricultural populations in all parts of the world.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eUses data from archaeology, comparative linguistics, and biological anthropology to cover developments over the past 12,000 years\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eExamines the reasons for the multiple primary origins of agriculture\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFocuses on agricultural origins in and dispersals out of the Middle East, central Africa, China, New Guinea, Mesoamerica and the northern Andes\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCovers the origins and dispersals of major language families such as Indo-European, Austronesian, Sino-Tibetan, Niger-Congo and Uto-Aztecan\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWinner of the AAP PSP Award for Archaeology and Anthropology 2005\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cbr\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA \u003ci\u003eChoice\u003c\/i\u003e Outstanding Academic Title of the Year\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePeter Bellwood - 2006 SAA Book Award -\u003c\/b\u003e The Society for American Archaeology annually awards a prize to honor a recently published book that has had, or is expected to have, a major impact on the direction and character of archaeological research, and\/or is expected to make a substantial contribution to the archaeology of an area.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"Do not be misled by the humble title of Bellwood's book ... this volume stands alone in its scope and depth ... No student of anthropology, irrespective of subfield, should leave this book unread. It is and will remain one of the most important anthropological volumes of the 21st century.\" \u003ci\u003eChoice\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"This book is a superb advertisement for archaeology as part of a multidisciplinary approach to the problem of how, where, and why our ancestors settled to plough and pasture.\" \u003ci\u003eTimes Higher Education Supplement\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e“Bellwood is not afraid to challenge the established orthodoxy. This is a stimulating and thought-provoking assessment of one of the most important questions in archaeology today.” \u003ci\u003ePeter Bogucki, Princeton University\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e “This wonderful book is a fascinating treasure-house of information about human history since the origins of agriculture. It deserves to be a standard reference for archaeologists, linguists, geneticists, and anthropologists interested in the formation of the modern world.” \u003ci\u003eJared Diamond, University of California, Los Angeles; author of\u003c\/i\u003e Guns, Germs, and Steel\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e “A tour de force of historical anthropology. Rarely does one encounter a book with the sweeping historical scope of Peter Bellwood’s convincing worldwide synthesis of agricultural origins and population dispersals.” \u003ci\u003ePatrick Kirch, University of California, Berkeley\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e “Global in its scope, Peter Bellwood’s First Farmers boldly correlates the spreads of early farming with episodes of human population and language dispersal. It offers a powerfully coherent perspective, which challengingly sets one of the great themes of human history in a new and simplified vision.” \u003ci\u003eColin Renfrew, University of Cambridge\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"Bellwood is a master at summarising complex information... the real strength of this volume is that it will make accessible to students such a wide range of data and interpretations.\" \u003ci\u003eNew Book Chronicle\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"\u003c\/i\u003eUnlike many books, Bellwood's represents the cogent unfolding of a complex argument that draws on disparate types of information ... It is certainly the most scholarly, single-authored review of global agricultural origins on the market.\" \u003ci\u003eAustrlian Archaeology\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"The book certainly contains a good deal of interesting data and analysis.\" \u003ci\u003eAnthropology in Action\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDetailed Contents. \u003cp\u003eList of Figures.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Tables.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 The Early Farming Dispersal Hypothesis in Perspective.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe disciplinary players.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBroad perspectives.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSome key guiding principles.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 The Origins and Dispersals of Agriculture: Some Operational Considerations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe significance of agriculture: productivity and population numbers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy did agriculture develop in the first place?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe significance of agriculture vis-à-vis hunting and gathering.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnder what circumstances might hunters and gatherers have adopted agriculture in prehistory?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroup 1: The “niche” hunter-gatherers of Africa and Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroup 2: The “unenclosed” hunter-gatherers of Australia, the Andamans and the Americas.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroup 3: Hunter-gatherers who descend from former agriculturalists.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy do ethnographic hunter-gatherers have problems with agricultural adoption? A comparative view.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo the archaeological record.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 The Beginnings of Agriculture in Southwest Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe domestication of plants in the Fertile Crescent.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe hunter-gatherer background in the Levant, 19,000 to 9500 BC.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Pre-Pottery Neolithic and the increasing dominance of domesticated crops.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow did cereal domestication begin in Southwest Asia?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe archaeological record in Southwestern Asia in broader perspective.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Pre-Pottery Neolithic A.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Pre-Pottery Neolithic B.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe real turning point in the Neolithic Revolution.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Tracking the Spreads of Farming Beyond the Fertile Crescent: Europe and Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe spread of the agricultural economy through Europe.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouthern and Mediterranean Europe Cyprus, Turkey and Greece.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Balkans.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Mediterranean.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Danubians and the northern Mesolithic.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe TRB and the Baltic.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe British Isles.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHunters and farmers in prehistoric Europe.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgricultural dispersals from Southwest Asia to the east.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCentral Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Indian Subcontinent.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe domesticated crops of the Indian Subcontinent.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegional trajectories from hunter-gathering to farming in South Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe consequences of Mehrgarh.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWestern India: Balathal to Jorwe.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouthern India.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Ganges Basin and Northeastern India.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurope and South Asia in a nutshell.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Africa: An Independent Focus of Agricultural Development?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe spread of the Southwest Asian agricultural complex into Egypt.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe origins of the native African domesticates.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe development and spread of agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 The Beginnings of Agriculture in China.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnvironmental factors and the domestication process in China.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe archaeology of early agriculture in China.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe archaeological record of the Early Neolithic in the Yellow and Yangzi Basins.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLater developments (post 5000 BC) in the Chinese Neolithic.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe spread of agriculture south of Zhejiang.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 The Spread of Agriculture into Southeast Asia and Oceania.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe background to agricultural dispersal in Southeast Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly farmers in Mainland Southeast Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly farmers in Taiwan and Island Southeast Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly farmers in the Pacific.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe New Guinea agricultural trajectory and its role in Pacific colonization.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 Early Agriculture and its Spread in the Americas.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSome necessary background.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe geography of early agriculture, and general cultural trajectories.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurrent opinion on agricultural origins in the Americas.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe domesticated crops.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaize.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe other crops.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly pottery in the Americas.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly farmers in the Americas.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Andes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmazonia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMiddle America (with Mesoamerica).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Southwest.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThank the Lord for the freeway (and the pipeline).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmigrant Mesoamerican farmers in the Southwest?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndependent agricultural origins in the Eastern Woodlands.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 What Do Language Families Mean for Human Prehistory?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLanguage families and how they are studied.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIssues of phylogeny and reticulation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe identification and phylogenetic study of language families.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroducing the players.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow do languages and language families spread?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow do languages change through time?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMacrofamilies, and more on the time factor.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLanguages in competition - language shift.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLanguages in competition - contact-induced change.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 The Spread of Farming: Comparing the Archaeology and the Linguistics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWestern and Central Eurasia, and Northern Africa.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndo-European.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndo-European from the Pontic Steppes?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhere did PIE really originate and what can we know about it?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eColin Renfrew’s contribution to the Indo-European Debate.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfroasiatic.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElamite and Dravidian, and the Indo-Aryans.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA multidisciplinary scenario for South Asian prehistory.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndo-European, Afroasiatic, Elamo-Dravidian, and the issue of Nostratic.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaharan and Sub-Saharan Africa: Nilo-Saharan and Niger-Congo.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNilo-Saharan.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNiger-Congo, with Bantu.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEast and Southeast Asia, and the Pacific.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Chinese and Mainland Southeast Asian language families.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAustronesian.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePiecing it together for East Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e“Altaic”, and some difficult issues.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Trans New Guinea Phylum.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Americas – South and Central.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouth America.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMiddle America, Mesoamerica and the Southwest Uto-Aztecan.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEastern North America.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlgonguian and Muskogean.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIroquoian, Siouan and Caddoan.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDid the first farmers spread their languages?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 Genetics, Skeletal Anthropology, and the People Factor.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAre there correlations between human biology and language families?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDo genes record history?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouthwest Asia and Europe.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSouth Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfrica.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEast Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSoutheast Asia and Oceania (mainly Austronesians).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Americas.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDid early farmers spread through processes of demic diffusion?.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 The Nature of Early Agricultural Expansion Homeland, spread and friction zones, plus overshoot.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe stages within a process of agricultural genesis and dispersal.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley and Sons Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default 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