{"product_id":"european-philosophy-a-historical-introduction-9789462703964","title":"European Philosophy: A Historical Introduction","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnalysis of the main thinkers who shaped European philosophy, in their historical context\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePhilosophy is essentially historical. The element of wonder that drives philosophical inquiry, as well as the timeless nature of questions about humanity and the world, are both intertwined with their specific contexts of origin. The answers to these questions are historically situated interpretations of reality.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMoreover, historicity itself is part of philosophical reflection. Any engagement with history (including this book) is inherently situated within a historical framework. A comprehensive understanding of the history of philosophy is, therefore, indispensable if one wishes to function as a philosopher.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis historical introduction to European philosophy addresses the historicity of philosophy in its twofold sense. The first part provides insight into the vicissitudes of philosophical rationality from antiquity to the present day, with an emphasis on the relation between philosophical reflection and other domains of European intellectual history, such as science, politics, art, and literature. The second part deals with philosophy as a “historical-hermeneutical” discipline.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe book functions both as a handbook for introductory philosophy courses and as a monograph on European philosophy and intellectual history for a non-specialist audience.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eINTRODUCTION 1. Plato’s cave 2. Philosophy and ideology 3. The historicity of philosophy\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePart 1. THE FORTUNES OF PHILOSOPHICAL RATIONALITY\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 1. PHILOSOPHY IN ANTIQUITY (6th c. BC - 6th c. AD) 1. The origins of philosophical rationality\u003cbr\u003e 1.1 From \u003cem\u003emythos\u003c\/em\u003e to \u003cem\u003elogos\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e 1.2 The natural philosophers: the development of a cosmology\u003cbr\u003e Heraclitus: ‘everything flows’\u003cbr\u003e Parmenides: ‘being is’\u003cbr\u003e 1.3 The emergence of ethics\u003cbr\u003e The relativism of the Sophists\u003cbr\u003e Socrates (469-399 BC)\u003cbr\u003e 2. Philosophy becomes a system 2.1 Plato (428-347 BC)\u003cbr\u003e Under the spell of Socrates\u003cbr\u003e The soul\u003cbr\u003e The intelligible\u003cbr\u003e The problem of moral education\u003cbr\u003e The moral order of the state\u003cbr\u003e Knowledge\u003cbr\u003e Participation\u003cbr\u003e The Good\u003cbr\u003e Detaching the soul from the body\u003cbr\u003e 2.2 Aristotle (384-322 BC)\u003cbr\u003e A systematic science\u003cbr\u003e The categories\u003cbr\u003e Four causes\u003cbr\u003e Form and purpose: teleology\u003cbr\u003e Soul as form\u003cbr\u003e Form and matter: hylomorphism\u003cbr\u003e Change: act and potency\u003cbr\u003e Ethics\u003cbr\u003e The divine\u003cbr\u003e 3. Later Antiquity: Philosophy as a way of life\u003cbr\u003e An increase in scale: Hellenism (323-30 BC) and the Roman Empire (c. 200 BC-475 AD)\u003cbr\u003e The Stoics\u003cbr\u003e Epicureanism\u003cbr\u003e Neoplatonism\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 2. THE MEDIEVAL PERSPECTIVE (5th-15th Centuries)\u003cbr\u003e Christianity 1. The Early Middle Ages: Augustine (354-430)\u003cbr\u003e The will and reason\u003cbr\u003e The enlightenment of the mind (illumination)\u003cbr\u003e Philosophia Christiana\u003cbr\u003e Early medieval intellectual life\u003cbr\u003e 2. The High Middle Ages: The rediscovery of Aristotle\u003cbr\u003e Medieval (Aristotelian) natural philosophy 3. The Integration of Aristotle\u003cbr\u003e Aristotelian sources of conflict\u003cbr\u003e 3.1 The Synthesis of Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)\u003cbr\u003e Reason and faith\u003cbr\u003e Knowledge\u003cbr\u003e Universals\u003cbr\u003e God\u003cbr\u003e The human soul\u003cbr\u003e Ethics\u003cbr\u003e 3.2 The Nominalism of William of Ockham (c. 1285–c. 1348)\u003cbr\u003e Reaction against realism\u003cbr\u003e Particulars, not universals\u003cbr\u003e Ockham’s razor\u003cbr\u003e ...cuts both ways\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 3. THE CRISIS OF MODERNITY (15th-19th Centuries)\u003cbr\u003e 1. Violence\u003cbr\u003e The crisis\u003cbr\u003e 2. The New Science\u003cbr\u003e Francis Bacon (1561-1626)\u003cbr\u003e Science and philosophy drift apart\u003cbr\u003e Nature as an enemy to conquer\u003cbr\u003e 3. The rise of the subject\u003cbr\u003e 4. Modern philosophy at the service of science and subject\u003cbr\u003e 4.1 The rationalism of René Descartes (1596-1650)\u003cbr\u003e Doubt\u003cbr\u003e First certainty: ‘I think, therefore I am’\u003cbr\u003e Dualism\u003cbr\u003e The problem of the bridge\u003cbr\u003e Second certainty: the existence of God\u003cbr\u003e Third certainty: the existence of the external world\u003cbr\u003e The mathematical structure of reality\u003cbr\u003e 4.2 The empiricism of John Locke (1632-1704) and David Hume (1711-1776)\u003cbr\u003e ‘No innate ideas!’\u003cbr\u003e Skepticism\u003cbr\u003e Mind, substances and causality\u003cbr\u003e Science in crisis?\u003cbr\u003e 4.3 The critical idealism of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)\u003cbr\u003e Rationalism and empiricism\u003cbr\u003e A Copernican revolution\u003cbr\u003e The transcendental point of view\u003cbr\u003e Analysis of cognition: Phase 1. Transcendental aesthetic\u003cbr\u003e Phase 2. Transcendental analytic\u003cbr\u003e Phase 3. Transcendental dialectic\u003cbr\u003e Traditional metaphysics as an impossible science\u003cbr\u003e Critique of practical reason\u003cbr\u003e 4.4 The absolute idealism of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770- 1831)\u003cbr\u003e The starting point: the French Revolution\u003cbr\u003e The project: thinking the absolute\u003cbr\u003e The enemy to conquer: the understanding\u003cbr\u003e Hegel’s reaction to Kant\u003cbr\u003e Idealism\u003cbr\u003e The dialectical method\u003cbr\u003e Spirit\u003cbr\u003e 4.5 Philosophy as a social practice: Karl Marx (1818-1883)\u003cbr\u003e Historical materialism\u003cbr\u003e Against Hegel\u003cbr\u003e Labor\u003cbr\u003e Division of labor, private property and exploitation\u003cbr\u003e Self-alienation\u003cbr\u003e Class struggle\u003cbr\u003e Philosophy as a social practice\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 4. THE END OF MODERNITY? (19th-20th Centuries)\u003cbr\u003e 1. Revolution\u003cbr\u003e 2. Limits of the belief in science\u003cbr\u003e The belief in progress debated\u003cbr\u003e 3. Dethroning the subject\u003cbr\u003e The ‘masters of suspicion’\u003cbr\u003e 4. A philosophical revolution\u003cbr\u003e New emphases in contemporary philosophy\u003cbr\u003e 4.1 Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900), philosophizing with a hammer\u003cbr\u003e Mummified Concepts\u003cbr\u003e Rejection of ‘the’ truth\u003cbr\u003e Rejection of ‘Platonism’ and the Judeo-Christian tradition\u003cbr\u003e Rejection of morality\u003cbr\u003e Rejection of religion\u003cbr\u003e Where do we go from here?\u003cbr\u003e 4.2 Edmund Husserl (1859-1938) and phenomenology\u003cbr\u003e The crisis of scientific rationality\u003cbr\u003e A transcendental standpoint\u003cbr\u003e Phenomenology\u003cbr\u003e Intentionality\u003cbr\u003e The lifeworld as (re)construction\u003cbr\u003e Objectivity\u003cbr\u003e 4.3 Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) and existential phenomenology\u003cbr\u003e Dasein\u003cbr\u003e Existentials\u003cbr\u003e Our dealings with things in the world\u003cbr\u003e Mit-sein and Mit-Dasein\u003cbr\u003e The ‘They’ (das Man)\u003cbr\u003e Openness (Entschlossenheit)\u003cbr\u003e Temporality\u003cbr\u003e Thrownness, projection and fallenness\u003cbr\u003e Anxiety\u003cbr\u003e Death\u003cbr\u003e Being and time – and beyond\u003cbr\u003e 4.4 Hannah Arendt (1906-1975): The active life\u003cbr\u003e Vita activa\u003cbr\u003e The banality of evil\u003cbr\u003e 4.5 Existentialism: freedom at its peak\u003cbr\u003e ‘Pour soi’ and ‘en soi’\u003cbr\u003e ‘L’être et le néant’\u003cbr\u003e Condemned to be free\u003cbr\u003e 4.6 The deconstruction of Jacques Derrida (1930-2004)\u003cbr\u003e Structuralism\u003cbr\u003e Language\u003cbr\u003e Writing\u003cbr\u003e Deprecation of writing\u003cbr\u003e ‘La différance’\u003cbr\u003e The world as text\u003cbr\u003e Deconstruction\u003cbr\u003e Time and the ‘undeconstructible’\u003cbr\u003e 5. A new voice in an old debate: Analytic philosophy\u003cbr\u003e 5.1 Philosophy of language\u003cbr\u003e ‘Continental’ and ‘analytic’ philosophy\u003cbr\u003e 5.2 The scientific nature of the language of logic: L. Wittgenstein, \u003cem\u003eTractatus Logico-Philosophicus\u003c\/em\u003e (‘Wittgenstein I’)\u003cbr\u003e The program: to avoid ‘chatter’\u003cbr\u003e Meaning, reference and truth\u003cbr\u003e Only empirical statements are meaningful\u003cbr\u003e Philosophy as clarification of language\u003cbr\u003e The mystical\u003cbr\u003e The separation of factuality and values \u003cbr\u003e 5.3 The reality of ‘ordinary’ language: L. Wittgenstein, \u003cem\u003ePhilosophical Investigations\u003c\/em\u003e (‘Wittgenstein II’)\u003cbr\u003e 5 Language-game\u003cbr\u003e ‘Meaning is use’\u003cbr\u003e Language as a tool-box\u003cbr\u003e Forms of life\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePart 2. PHILOSOPHY AS A HISTORICAL-HERMENEUTICAL\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eSCIENCE\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e 1. Historicism\u003cbr\u003e 2. History repeats itself – or doesn’t it? Oswald Spengler and Karl Popper\u003cbr\u003e Patterns in history\u003cbr\u003e Karl Popper’s criticism\u003cbr\u003e 3. The question of ‘meaning’ in the humanities and social sciences\u003cbr\u003e Positivism in the social sciences\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 1. THE BIRTH OF HERMENEUTICS AS A SCIENCE\u003cbr\u003e 1. The emergence of a general hermeneutics\u003cbr\u003e 2. The reproductive hermeneutics of F. Schleiermacher (1768-1834)\u003cbr\u003e Universal hermeneutics\u003cbr\u003e Reproductive hermeneutics\u003cbr\u003e The hermeneutical circle\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 2. HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDING IN THE HUMANITIES\u003cbr\u003e 1. Wilhelm Dilthey (1833-1911): \u003cem\u003eVerstehen\u003c\/em\u003e \u003cbr\u003e Objective Spirit\u003cbr\u003e Nacherleben\u003cbr\u003e 2. Martin Heidegger on understanding and interpretation\u003cbr\u003e Fore-structures\u003cbr\u003e Sinn\u003cbr\u003e 3. Hans-Georg Gadamer’s historicization of understanding\u003cbr\u003e Historically-effected consciousness\u003cbr\u003e Prejudices\u003cbr\u003e Tradition\u003cbr\u003e Fusion of horizons\u003cbr\u003e Three criticisms of Gadamer. 1. Emilio Betti\u003cbr\u003e Criticism 2. Jürgen Habermas\u003cbr\u003e Criticism 3. Jacques Derrida\u003cbr\u003e New Historicism\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEPILOGUE: IS THIS THE END?\u003cbr\u003e Postmodernism\u003cbr\u003e The end of history?\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBibliography of quoted works\u003cbr\u003e Name index\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Leuven University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48890103038295,"sku":"9789462703964","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/european-philosophy-a-historical-introduction-9789462703964","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}