{"product_id":"essentials-of-orthodontics-9780813808680","title":"Essentials of Orthodontics","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eEssential Orthodontics: Diagnosis and Treatment is designed to help dental students, orthodontic residents, and general dentists understand the basic concepts and procedures essential to the diagnosis, treatment planning, and treatment of patients who have relatively simple malocclusion problems.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"This book is best suited for use by the undergraduate student but may have interest for the general dentist wishing to further their orthodontic knowledge. The treatment of simple malocclusions is emphasised which makes the book less suitable for the orthodontist or a postgraduate student, but the technical chapters would be of benefit to the training dental technician interested in the construction of orthodontic removable appliances.\" (Australian Orthodontic Journal, 2 November 2011)  \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 1 Orthodontic Diagnosis and Treatment Planning 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNormal and Ideal Occlusion 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNormal Occlusion in the Primary Dentition 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCentric Occlusion and Centric Relation 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAngle Classification of Malocclusion 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAngle Class I Malocclusion 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClass I Malocclusions in the Primary and Mixed Dentitions 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAngle Class II Division 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMalocclusion 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAngle Class II Division 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMalocclusion 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClass II Malocclusions in the Primary and Mixed Dentitions 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnd-to-End Occlusion 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAngle Class III Malocclusion 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClass III Malocclusions in Primary and Mixed Dentitions 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuper Class I Malocclusions 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuper Class II and Super Class III Malocclusions 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubdivision Malocclusions 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClass II Subdivision Malocclusions 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClass III Subdivision Malocclusions 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClass II-III Subdivision Malocclusions 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncisor Dental Compensations in Class II and Class III Malocclusions 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIowa Notation System for Angle Classification 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRules for Assigning Angle Classification 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRating the Severity of a Malocclusion 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrthodontic Records 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Examination 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary of Findings, Problem List, and Diagnosis 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsultation with Patient and\/or Parent 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 2 Dental Impressions and Study Cast Trimming 19\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStudy Casts 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDigital Casts 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlginate Impressions 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMandibular Impression 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaxillary Impression 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecord of Centric Occlusion 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePouring of Plaster Study Casts 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStudy Cast Trimming 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 3 Dental Cast Analysis in Adults 33\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTooth Size–Arch Length Analysis 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasurement of Tooth Size and Arch Length 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactors Influencing a Tooth Size–Arch Length Analysis 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurve of Spee 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncisor Inclination and Anteroposterior Position 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecond and Third Molar Evaluation 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparison of TSALD Analysis and the Irregularity Index 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArch Width Measurements 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnostic Setup 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBolton Analysis 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverbite and Overjet Measurements 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMandibular Crowding 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTooth Widths in Normal Occlusion 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 4 Dental Cast Analysis in the Mixed Dentition 43\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTooth Size–Arch Length Analysis 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrediction of the Widths of Nonerupted Canines and Premolars 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRadiographic Enlargement of Nonerupted Canines and Premolars 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRevised Hixon-Oldfather Prediction Method 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIowa Prediction Method for Both Arches 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUpper Arch 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLower Arch 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard Error of Estimate 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRadiograph Image Problems 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProportional Equation Prediction Method 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTanaka and Johnston Prediction Method 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasurement of Arch Lengths on Casts 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasurement Instruments and Guidelines 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactors that Influence a Mixed-Dentition Arch Length Analysis 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpretation of a Mixed- Dentition Arch Length Analysis 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 5 Radiographic Analysis 57\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeriapical Survey 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePanoramic Radiograph 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOcclusal Radiographs 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCone Beam Radiographs 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLateral Cephalometric Radiographs 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnatomic Landmarks 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCephalometric Landmarks 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCephalometric Point Locations 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCephalometric Planes 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCephalometric Angles and Distances 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSkeletal Angles and Distances 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDental Angles 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDistances of Incisors to Anterior Vertical Lines 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCephalometric Norms and Treatment Goals 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLateral Cephalometric Tracing 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePosteroanterior Cephalometric Radiograph 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalog versus Digital Radiography 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 6 Lingual and Palatal Arches 75\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncisor Liability and Leeway Space 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePassive Lower Lingual Holding Arch 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevalence of Incisor Crowding 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePremature Loss of a Primary Molar 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAsymmetric Loss of a Primary Canine 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNance Holding Arch 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTrans-palatal Arch 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInsertion of a Passive Lingual or Palatal Arch 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFixed-Removable Lingual and Palatal Arches 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUndesirable Side Effects of Passive and Active Lingual and Palatal Arches 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLaboratory Prescription and Construction of a Lower Loop Lingual Arch 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFailure of a Lower Lingual Arch 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 7 Management of Anterior Crossbites 95\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevalence of Anterior Crossbite Malocclusions 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAngle Classification 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCentric Relation to Centric Occlusion Functional Shift on Closure 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverbite 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdequate Arch Length 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInclination of Maxillary Incisor Roots 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRotation of Tooth in Crossbite 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of Teeth in Crossbite 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlignment of Lower Anterior Teeth 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment of Anterior Crossbites with Removable Appliances 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment of Anterior Crossbites with Fixed Appliances 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConstruction of a Removable Maxillary Appliance to Close a Diastema and Correct a Lateral Incisor in Crossbite 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 8 Management of Posterior Crossbites 113\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinition of Posterior Crossbite 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevalence of Posterior Crossbite Malocclusions 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAngle Classification 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntermolar Width Measurements 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAge of Patient 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBuccolingual Inclination of the Posterior Teeth 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEtiology of Bilateral and Unilateral Posterior Crossbites 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVertical Dimension 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment of Posterior Crossbites 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorrection of Posterior Crossbites with Removable Appliances 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorrection of Posterior Crossbites with Fixed Expander Appliances 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 9 Management of Incisor Diastemas 135\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevalence of Maxillary Diastemas 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEtiologic Factors to Consider 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSize of Teeth and Bolton Analysis 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArch Size 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaxillary Labial Frenum 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRotated Incisors 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThumb-Sucking Habit 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAngle Classifi cation 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManagement with Appliances 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment of a Diastema with a Removable Loop Spring Appliance 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment of a Diastema with a Finger Spring Removable Appliance 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment of a Diastema Caused by a Thumb Habit 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment of a Diastema with the Edgewise Fixed Appliance 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 10 Molar Uprighting and Space Regaining 151\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEctopic Eruption of Permanent First Molars 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUprighting Molars in the Mixed Dentition 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEctopic Eruption of Upper First Molars 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEctopic Eruption and Tipping of Lower First Molars 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMesial Tipping of Permanent Molars after Loss of a First Molar 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevention of Molar Tipping after Loss of a First Molar 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpaction of Second Molars 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLoss of Both First and Second Molars 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eT-Loop Uprighting Spring and Edgewise Fixed Appliance 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForces Generated by the T-Loop Uprighting Spring 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient Treated with a T-Loop Uprighting Spring 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHelical Uprighting Spring 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForces Generated by the Helical Uprighting Spring 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient Treated with a Helical Uprighting Spring 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Appliances Used to Upright Molars 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRepositioning of Teeth Prior to Prosthetic Restoration 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 11 Orthodontic Examination and Decision Making for the Family Dentist 177\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrthodontic Screening 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGuidelines for Orthodontic Decision Making 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePretreatment Records 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 1 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 2 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 3 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 4 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 5 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 6 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 7 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 8 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 9 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment Records 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 1 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 2 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 3 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 4 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 5 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 6 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 7 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 8 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatient 9 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 12 How Orthodontic Appliances Move Teeth 213\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiomechanics 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNewton’s First Law 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNewton’s Second Law 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKeys to Understanding the Delivery of Orthodontic Forces 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Displacements of Rigid Bodies: Euler and Chasles 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLimitations of Illustrating Three-Dimensional Tooth Movements in Two- Dimensional Figures 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTranslation of a Tooth in the Edgewise Fixed Appliance 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow a Tooth Is Translated in the Edgewise Fixed Appliance 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRotation of a Tooth in the Edgewise Fixed Appliance 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNewton’s Third Law 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 13 The Edgewise Fixed Appliance 229\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Edgewise Appliance 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArch Wires 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBands 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeparators 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFitting a Band 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCementing a Band 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand Cements 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRemoval of Bands 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBonding of Brackets 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnatomic Considerations 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Straight Wire Appliance™ 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBracket and Molar Tube Placement 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDirect and Indirect Bonding 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRemoval of Brackets and Bonded Attachments from Teeth 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArch Form 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 14 Retention Appliances 239\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFixed Retainers and Tooth Positioners 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInvisible Retainers 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEssix Retainers 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasic Retainer Design 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWire-Bending Skills 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaxillary Labial Bow Bending 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBall Clasp 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eC-Clasp 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdams Clasp 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReSta Clasp 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMandibular Labial Bow 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcrylicing Retainers 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcrylic Finishing and Polishing 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 15 Orthodontic Materials 317\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrthodontic Wires 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStainless Steel Wires 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSensitization 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCold Working 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecovery Heat Treatment 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnnealing 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCobalt-Chromium-Nickel Wires 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeta-Titanium Wires 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNickel-Titanium Wires 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysical Properties of Orthodontic Wires 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWire Sizes 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectric Welding 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlame Soldering 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectric Soldering 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 327\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52090745487703,"sku":"9780813808680","price":78.26,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780813808680.jpg?v=1762273301","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/essentials-of-orthodontics-9780813808680","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}