{"product_id":"enabling-technologies-for-high-spectralefficiency-coherent-optical-communication-networks-9781118714768","title":"Enabling Technologies for High SpectralEfficiency","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction 1\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eXiang Zhou and Chongjin Xie\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 High-Capacity Fiber Transmission Technology Evolution, 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Fundamentals of Coherent Transmission Technology, 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Concept of Coherent Detection, 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Digital Signal Processing, 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3 Key Devices, 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Outline of this Book, 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Multidimensional Optimized Optical Modulation Formats 13\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMagnus Karlsson and Erik Agrell\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction, 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Fundamentals of Digital Modulation, 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 System Models, 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Channel Models, 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Constellations and Their Performance Metrics, 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Modulation Formats and Their Ideal Performance, 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Format Optimizations and Comparisons, 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Optimized Formats in Nonlinear Channels, 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Combinations of Coding and Modulation, 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Soft-Decision Decoding, 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Hard-Decision Decoding, 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Iterative Decoding, 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Experimental Work, 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Transmitter Realizations and Transmission Experiments, 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Receiver Realizations and Digital Signal Processing, 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3 Formats Overview, 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.4 Symbol Detection, 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.5 Realizing Dimensions, 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Summary and Conclusions, 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Advances in Detection and Error Correction for Coherent Optical Communications: Regular, Irregular, and Spatially Coupled LDPC Code Designs 65\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLaurent Schmalen, Stephan ten Brink, and Andreas Leven\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction, 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Differential Coding for Optical Communications, 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Higher-Order Modulation Formats, 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 The Phase-Slip Channel Model, 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Differential Coding and Decoding, 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Maximum a Posteriori Differential Decoding, 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5 Achievable Rates of the Differentially Coded Phase-Slip\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChannel, 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 LDPC-Coded Differential Modulation, 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) Codes, 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Code Design for Iterative Differential Decoding, 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Higher-Order Modulation Formats with V \u0026lt; Q, 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Coded Differential Modulation with Spatially Coupled LDPC Codes, 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Protograph-Based Spatially Coupled LDPC Codes, 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Spatially Coupled LDPC Codes with Iterative Demodulation, 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Windowed Differential Decoding of SC-LDPC Codes, 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.4 Design of Protograph-Based SC-LDPC Codes for\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifferential-Coded Modulation, 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Conclusions, 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix: LDPC-Coded Differential Modulation—Decoding Algorithms, 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifferential Decoding, 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLDPC Decoding, 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Spectrally Efficient Multiplexing: Nyquist-WDM 123\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGabriella Bosco\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction, 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Nyquist Signaling Schemes, 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Ideal Nyquist-WDM (Δf = Rs), 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Quasi-Nyquist-WDM (Δf \u0026gt; Rs), 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Super-Nyquist-WDM (Δf \u0026lt; Rs), 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Detection of a Nyquist-WDM Signal, 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Practical Nyquist-WDM Transmitter Implementations, 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Optical Nyquist-WDM, 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Digital Nyquist-WDM, 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Nyquist-WDM Transmission, 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Optical Nyquist-WDM Transmission Experiments, 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Digital Nyquist-WDM Transmission Experiments, 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Conclusions, 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Spectrally Efficient Multiplexing – OFDM 157\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAn Li, Di Che, Qian Hu, Xi Chen, and William Shieh 5.1 OFDM Basics, 158\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Coherent Optical OFDM (CO-OFDM), 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Principle of CO-OFDM, 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Direct-Detection Optical OFDM (DDO-OFDM), 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Linearly Mapped DDO-OFDM, 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Nonlinearly Mapped DDO-OFDM (NLM-DDO-OFDM), 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Self-Coherent Optical OFDM, 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Single-Ended Photodetector-Based SCOH, 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Balanced Receiver-Based SCOH, 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 Stokes Vector Direct Detection, 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM System (DFT-S OFDM), 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 Principle of DFT-S OFDM, 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 Unique-Word-Assisted DFT-S OFDM (UW-DFT-S OFDM), 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 OFDM-Based Superchannel Transmissions, 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 No-Guard-Interval CO-OFDM (NGI-CO-OFDM) Superchannel, 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 Reduced-Guard-Interval CO-OFDM (RGI-CO-OFDM) Superchannel, 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.3 DFT-S OFDM Superchannel, 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Summary, 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Polarization and Nonlinear Impairments in Fiber Communication Systems 201\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eChongjin Xie\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction, 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Polarization of Light, 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 PMD and PDL in Optical Communication Systems, 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 PMD, 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 PDL, 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Modeling of Nonlinear Effects in Optical Fibers, 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Coherent Optical Communication Systems and Signal Equalization, 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Coherent Optical Communication Systems, 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Signal Equalization, 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 PMD and PDL Impairments in Coherent Systems, 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.1 PMD Impairment, 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.2 PDL Impairment, 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Nonlinear Impairments in Coherent Systems, 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.1 System Model, 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.2 Homogeneous PDM-QPSK System, 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.3 Hybrid PDM-QPSK and 10-Gb\/s OOK System, 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.4 Homogeneous PDM-16QAM System, 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Summary, 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Analytical Modeling of the Impact of Fiber Non-Linear Propagation on Coherent Systems and Networks 247\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePierluigi Poggiolini, Yanchao Jiang, Andrea Carena, and Fabrizio Forghieri\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Why are Analytical Models Important?, 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 What Do Professionals Need?, 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Background, 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Modeling Approximations, 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Introducing the GN–EGN Model Class, 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Getting to the GN Model, 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Towards the EGN Model, 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Model Selection Guide, 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 From Model to System Performance, 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Point-to-Point Links, 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 The Complete EGN Model, 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Case Study: Determining the Optimum System Symbol Rate, 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.5 NLI Modeling for Dynamically Reconfigurable Networks, 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Conclusion, 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements, 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix, 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.1 The White-Noise Approximation, 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.1 BER Formulas for the Most Common QAM Systems, 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.2 The Link Function 𝜇, 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.3 The EGN Model Formulas for the X2-X4 and M1-M3 Islands, 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.4 Outline of GN–EGN Model Derivation, 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.5 List of Acronyms, 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Digital Equalization in Coherent Optical Transmission Systems 311\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSeb Savory\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction, 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Primer on the Mathematics of Least Squares FIR Filters, 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Finite Impulse Response Filters, 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Differentiation with Respect to a Complex Vector, 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Least Squares Tap Weights, 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.4 Application to Stochastic Gradient Algorithms, 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.5 Application to Wiener Filter, 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.6 Other Filtering Techniques and Design Methodologies, 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Equalization of Chromatic Dispersion, 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Nature of Chromatic Dispersion, 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Modeling of Chromatic Dispersion in an Optical Fiber, 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Truncated Impulse Response, 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 Band-Limited Impulse Response, 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.5 Least Squares FIR Filter Design, 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.6 Example Performance of the Chromatic Dispersion Compensating Filter, 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Equalization of Polarization-Mode Dispersion, 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Modeling of PMD, 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Obtaining the Inverse Jones Matrix of the Channel, 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.3 Constant Modulus Update Algorithm, 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.4 Decision-Directed Equalizer Update Algorithm, 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.5 Radially Directed Equalizer Update Algorithm, 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.6 Parallel Realization of the FIR Filter, 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.7 Generalized 4 × 4 Equalizer for Mitigation of Frequency or Polarization-Dependent Loss and Receiver Skew, 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.8 Example Application to Fast Blind Equalization of PMD, 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Concluding Remarks and Future Research Directions, 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments, 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Nonlinear Compensation for Digital Coherent Transmission 333\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGuifang Li\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction, 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Digital Backward Propagation (DBP), 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 How DBP Works, 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Experimental Demonstration of DBP, 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Computational Complexity of DBP, 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Reducing DBP Complexity for Dispersion-Unmanaged WDM Transmission, 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 DBP for Dispersion-Managed WDM Transmission, 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 DBP for Polarization-Multiplexed Transmission, 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Future Research, 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Timing Synchronization in Coherent Optical Transmission Systems 355\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eHan Sun and Kuang-Tsan Wu\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction, 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Overall System Environment, 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Jitter Penalty and Jitter Sources in a Coherent System, 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 VCO Jitter, 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Detector Jitter Definitions and Method of Numerical Evaluation, 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Laser FM Noise- and Dispersion-Induced Jitter, 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Coherent System Tolerance to Untracked Jitter, 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Digital Phase Detectors, 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Frequency-Domain Phase Detector, 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Equivalence to the Squaring Phase Detector, 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Equivalence to Godard’s Maximum Sampled Power Criterion, 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.4 Equivalence to Gardner’s Phase Detector, 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.5 Second Class of Phase Detectors, 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.6 Jitter Performance of the Phase Detectors, 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.7 Phase Detectors for Nyquist Signals, 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 The Chromatic Dispersion Problem, 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 The Polarization-Mode Dispersion Problem, 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Timing Synchronization for Coherent Optical OFDM, 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Future Research, 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Carrier Recovery in Coherent Optical Communication Systems 395\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eXiang Zhou\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction, 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Optimal Carrier Recovery, 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 MAP-Based Frequency and Phase Estimator, 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Cramér–Rao Lower Bound, 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Hardware-Efficient Phase Recovery Algorithms, 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Decision-Directed Phase-Locked Loop (PLL), 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Mth-Power-Based Feedforward Algorithms, 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Blind Phase Search (BPS) Feedforward Algorithms, 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4 Multistage Carrier Phase Recovery Algorithms, 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Hardware-Efficient Frequency Recovery Algorithms, 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 Coarse Auto-Frequency Control (ACF), 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2 Mth-Power-Based Fine FO Estimation Algorithms, 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.3 Blind Frequency Search (BFS)-Based Fine FO Estimation Algorithm, 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.4 Training-Initiated Fine FO Estimation Algorithm, 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Equalizer-Phase Noise Interaction and its Mitigation, 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Carrier Recovery in Coherent OFDM Systems, 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Conclusions and Future Research Directions, 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Real-Time Implementation of High-Speed Digital Coherent Transceivers 435\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eTimo Pfau\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Algorithm Constraints, 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Power Constraint and Hardware Optimization, 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Parallel Processing Constraint, 438\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.3 Feedback Latency Constraint, 440\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Hardware Implementation of Digital Coherent Receivers, 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Photonic Integration 447\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePo Dong and Sethumadhavan Chandrasekhar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction, 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Overview of Photonic Integration Technologies, 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Transmitters, 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Dual-Polarization Transmitter Circuits, 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 High-Speed Modulators, 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 PLC Hybrid I\/Q Modulator, 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.4 InP Monolithic I\/Q Modulator, 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.5 Silicon Monolithic I\/Q Modulator, 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Receivers, 459\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Polarization Diversity Receiver Circuits, 459\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2 PLC Hybrid Receivers, 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.3 InP Monolithic Receivers, 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.4 Silicon Monolithic Receivers, 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.5 Coherent Receiver with 120∘ Optical Hybrids, 465\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Conclusions, 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments, 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Optical Performance Monitoring for Fiber-Optic Communication Networks 473\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFaisal N. Khan, Zhenhua Dong, Chao Lu, and Alan Pak Tao Lau\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction, 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.1 OPM and Their Roles in Optical Networks, 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.2 Network Functionalities Enabled by OPM, 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.3 Network Parameters Requiring OPM, 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.4 Desirable Features of OPM Techniques, 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 OPM Techniques For Direct Detection Systems, 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 OPM Requirements for Direct Detection Optical Networks, 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Overview of OPM Techniques for Existing Direct Detection Systems, 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Electronic DSP-Based Multi-Impairment Monitoring Techniques for Direct Detection Systems, 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.4 Bit Rate and Modulation Format Identification Techniques for Direct Detection Systems, 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.5 Commercially Available OPM Devices for Direct Detection Systems, 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.6 Applications of OPM in Deployed Fiber-Optic Networks, 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 OPM For Coherent Detection Systems, 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.1 Non-Data-Aided OSNR Monitoring for Digital Coherent Receivers, 491\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2 Data-Aided (Pilot Symbols Based) OSNR Monitoring for Digital Coherent Receivers, 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.3 OPM at the Intermediate Network Nodes Using Low-Cost Structures, 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.4 OSNR Monitoring in the Presence of Fiber Nonlinearity, 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Integrating OPM Functionalities in Networking, 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Conclusions and Outlook, 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments, 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Rate-Adaptable Optical Transmission and Elastic Optical Networks 507\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePatricia Layec, Annalisa Morea, Yvan Pointurier, and Jean-Christophe  Antona\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction, 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.1 History of Elastic Optical Networks, 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Key Building Blocks, 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Optical Cross-Connect, 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 Elastic Transponder, 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.3 Elastic Aggregation, 515\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.4 Performance Prediction, 516\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.5 Resource Allocation Tools, 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.6 Control Plane for Flexible Optical Networks, 524\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Practical Considerations for Elastic WDM Transmission, 527\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.1 Flexible Transponder Architecture, 527\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.2 Example of a Real-Time Energy-Proportional Prototype, 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Opportunities for Elastic Technologies in Core Networks, 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.1 More Cost-Efficient Networks, 531\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.2 More Energy Efficient Network, 532\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.3 Filtering Issues and Superchannel Solution, 532\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Long Term Opportunities, 534\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.1 Burst Mode Elasticity, 534\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.2 Elastic Passive Optical Networks, 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.3 Metro and Datacenter Networks, 537\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Conclusions, 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments, 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Space-Division Multiplexing and MIMO Processing 547\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRoland Ryf and Nicolas K. Fontaine\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Space-Division Multiplexing in Optical Fibers, 547\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Optical Fibers for SDM Transmission, 548\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Optical Transmission in SDM Fibers with Low Crosstalk, 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 Digital Signal Processing Techniques for SDM Fibers with Low Crosstalk, 552\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 MIMO-Based Optical Transmission in SDM Fibers, 553\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Impulse Response in SDM Fibers with Mode Coupling, 558\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.1 Multimode Fibers with no Mode Coupling, 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.2 Multimode Fibers with Weak Coupling, 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.3 Multimode Fibers with Strong Mode Coupling, 565\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.4 Multimode Fibers: Scaling to Large Number of Modes, 566\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 MIMO-Based SDM Transmission Results, 566\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6.1 Digital Signal Processing for MIMO Transmission, 567\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Optical Components for SDM Transmission, 568\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7.1 Characterization of SDM Systems and Components, 570\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7.2 Swept Wavelength Interferometry for Fibers with Multiple Spatial Paths, 571\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7.3 Spatial Multiplexers, 576\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7.4 Photonic Lanterns, 578\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7.5 Spatial Diversity for SDM Components and Component sharing, 582\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7.6 Wavelength-Selective Switches for SDM, 583\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7.7 SDM Fiber Amplifiers, 590\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8 Conclusion, 593\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments, 593\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences, 594\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 609\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49406910005591,"sku":"9781118714768","price":121.46,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781118714768.jpg?v=1730497527","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/enabling-technologies-for-high-spectralefficiency-coherent-optical-communication-networks-9781118714768","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}