{"product_id":"electronic-health-record-9781118281345","title":"Electronic Health Record","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWith the EHR (Electronic Health Record) being central to most health informatics applications, several countries have initiated programs for implementing national EHR infrastructures.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface XVII  \u003cp\u003eAcronyms XXVII\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART ONE Introduction\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction to EHR 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction, 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Definition of EHR, 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Functions of EHR, 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Significance of EHR, 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Factors Affecting Implementation of EHR, 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Role of Standards, 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Role of Clinical Coding Systems, 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Role of Standard Frameworks, 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Case Studies of National EHR Implementations, 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART TWO EHR Standards\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Standard for EHR Architecture Requirements 15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction, 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 ISO\/TS 18308 Requirement Specification, 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Content Structure Model, 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Inclusion of Clinical and Record Processes, 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Content Exchange, 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.4 Privacy and Security, 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.5 Legal Considerations, 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.6 Ethical, Consumer\/Cultural Aspects, 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.7 Future-proof Framework, 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Discussion, 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Conclusion, 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Standard for Healthcare Concepts 23\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction, 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 CEN\/TC EN 13940-1, 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Actors in Continuity of Care, 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Health Issues and Their Management, 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Concepts Related to Responsibility, 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Time-Related Concepts, 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5 Concepts Related to Knowledge, Activities, and Decision Support, 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.6 Health Data Management, 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 CEN\/TC prEN 13940-2, 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Healthcare Process, 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Discussion, 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Conclusion, 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Standard for EHR Functional Specifications 33\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction, 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 HL7 EHR-S Functional Model, 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Functional Profiles, 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Exchange, 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Security\/Privacy, 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Comparison of HL7 EHR-S FM and ISO\/TS 18308, 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Discussion, 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Conclusion, 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Standard for EHR Communication 43\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction, 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 CEN\/ISO EN 13606 Requirement Specification, 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Part 1: Reference Model, 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Part 2: Archetypes Interchange Specification, 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Part 3: Reference Archetypes and Term Lists, 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Part 4: Security, 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.5 Part 5: Exchange Models, 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Discussion, 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Conclusion, 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Messaging Standard for Healthcare Data 57\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction, 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 HL7 v2.x, 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Message Structure, 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Auxiliary Messaging Protocols, 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Usage Scenario, 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Example of HL7 v2.x Message, 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Discussion, 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Conclusion, 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Model-Based Messaging Standard for Healthcare Data 69\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction, 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 HL7 v3, 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Message Structure, 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Interaction Model, 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Role-Based Access Control, 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 HL7 v3 and SNOMED CT, 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.5 HL7 v3 and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 HL7 v2.x and v3 Comparison, 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Discussion, 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Conclusion, 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Clinical Document Standards 81\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction, 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Clinical Document Architecture (CDA), 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Document Structures, 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Example of CDA Component, 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Continuity of Care Document (CCD), 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Example of CCD Component, 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Clinical Document Exchange, 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Discussion, 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Conclusion, 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Standard for Medical Imaging and Communication 93\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction, 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 DICOM, 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Information Model, 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Message Exchange Model, 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Improvements in DICOM Standard, 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Discussion, 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Conclusion, 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Standard for Patient Health Summary 103\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction, 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Continuity of Care Record (CCR), 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Structural Model, 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Exchange, 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Discussion, 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Conclusion, 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART THREE Coding Systems\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Coding System for Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 113\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction, 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 ICD, 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Chapters, 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Blocks, 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Improvements in ICD-10, 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Discussion, 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Conclusion, 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Coding System for Laboratory Tests and Observations 119\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction, 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 LOINC, 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Code Classification, 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Code Structure, 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Regenstrief LOINC Mapping Assistant (RELMA), 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Discussion, 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Conclusion, 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Coding System for Patient Care Procedures 125\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction, 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 CPT, 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Data Model, 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 CPT Sections, 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.3 CPT Index, 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.4 CPT Symbols, 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.5 CPT Modifiers, 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.6 Descriptive Qualifiers, 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Discussion, 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Conclusion, 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Extended Coding System for Patient Care Procedures 131\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction, 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 HCPCS, 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Level I Codes, 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Level II Codes, 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Discussion, 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Conclusion, 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Comprehensive Coding System for Clinical Terms 137\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction, 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 SNOMED CT, 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Concepts, 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 Structure of SNOMED CT Code, 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 SNOMED CT Database Browsers, 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Discussion, 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Conclusion, 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Unified Medical Language System 145\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction, 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 UMLS-Supported Coding Systems, 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 UMLS Architecture, 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 Metathesaurus, 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 Semantic Network, 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.3 Specialist Lexicon and Lexical Tools, 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 UMLS Licensing, 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Discussion, 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Conclusion, 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Other Coding Systems 153\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction, 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 AHFS Drug Information (AHFS DI), 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Current Dental Terminology (CDT), 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O), 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Coding Systems for Nursing Practices, 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6.1 North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6.2 Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6.3 Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Radiology Lexicon (RADLEX), 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 RxNorm, 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.9 Discussion, 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.10 Conclusion, 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART FOUR Standard Frameworks\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 openEHR 163\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction, 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 openEHR Process Model, 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 openEHR Architecture, 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.1 EHR Information Model, 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.2 Exchange, 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Discussion, 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Conclusion, 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) 175\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction, 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 IHE Domains, 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2.1 Integration Profiles, 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2.2 Integration Statements, 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2.3 Technical Frameworks, 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 IHE Initiatives on Electronic Health Record, 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Exchange, 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4.1 Cross-Enterprise Document Sharing (XDS), 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Security, 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5.1 Audit Trail \u0026amp; Node Authentication (ATNA), 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.6 Discussion, 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.7 Conclusion, 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART FIVE Case Studies: National EHR Efforts\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Australia's HealthConnect 189\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction, 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Overview, 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Architecture, 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.1 EHR Concept, 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.2 EHR Design, 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.3 e-Health Services, 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.4 National Privacy Principles (NPP), 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.5 Exchange, 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Discussion, 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Conclusion, 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Austria's ELGA 199\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction, 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Overview, 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Architecture, 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3.1 Master Patient Index, 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3.2 HSP Index, 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3.3 Authorization System, 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3.4 HSP System, 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3.5 Storage (Document Registry), 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3.6 Network, 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3.7 ELGA Portal, 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Functional Implementation, 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4.1 Healthcare Services, 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Exchange, 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Discussion, 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.7 Conclusion, 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Canada's EHRS Blueprint 211\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Introduction, 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Overview, 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Architecture, 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3.1 Electronic Health Record Solution (EHRS), 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3.2 Electronic Health Record Infostructure (EHRi), 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3.3 Exchange, 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3.4 Legal Framework, 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 Discussion, 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5 Conclusion, 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography, 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 Denmark’s MedCom 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Introduction, 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 Overview, 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Architecture, 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3.1 EHR Concept, 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3.2 EHR Design, 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3.3 Danish Health Data Network, 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3.4 Security Infrastructure, 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3.5 National Health Portal (Sundheds.dk), 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3.6 Exchange, 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Discussion, 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.5 Conclusion, 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Hong Kong's eHR Sharing System 229\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Introduction, 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 Overview, 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 Architecture, 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3.1 E-Health Engagement Initiative (EEI), 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3.2 eHR Sharing System, 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3.3 Exchange, 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3.4 Security\/Privacy Guidelines, 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.4 Discussion, 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5 Conclusion, 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e25 India's Health IT Initiatives 239\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1 Introduction, 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2 Overview, 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.3 ITIH Framework, 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.4 Recommendations on Guidelines, Standards, and Practices for Telemedicine in India, 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.5 iHIND, 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.5.1 Architecture, 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.5.2 Confidentiality, Access, and Security, 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.5.3 Standards, 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.6 Other Initiatives, 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.6.1 Integrated Disease Surveillance Project, 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.6.2 National Rural Telemedicine Network (NRTN), 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.6.3 National Medical College Network, 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.6.4 Standardization of EHR, 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.7 Discussion, 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.8 Conclusion, 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e26 Netherlands' AORTA 253\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.1 Introduction, 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.2 Overview, 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3 Architecture, 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.1 Dutch Electronic Patient Dossier (EPD) System, 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.2 NICTIZ Healthcare IT Infrastructure Workflow, 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.3 Exchange, 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.4 Security\/Privacy Guidelines, 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.4 Discussion, 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.5 Conclusion, 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e27 Singapore's NEHR 259\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.1 Introduction, 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.2 Overview, 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.3 Architecture, 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.3.1 Health Clusters, 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.3.2 EMR Exchange (EMRX), 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.3.3 National Electronic Health Record (NEHR), 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.4 Discussion, 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.5 Conclusion, 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e28 Sweden's NPO 267\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.1 Introduction, 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.2 Overview, 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3 Architecture, 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3.1 Clinical Process Model, 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3.2 Information Model, 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3.3 Sjunet, 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3.4 Electronic Catalog For Health and Social Care, 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3.5 Secure it in Health Services, 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3.6 Basic Services for Information, 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3.7 Regulatory Framework for Information Interoperability in Healthcare, 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3.8 National Patient Summary, 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.4 Discussion, 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.5 Conclusion, 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e29 Taiwan's Health Information Network 277\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.1 Introduction, 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.2 Overview, 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.3 Architecture, 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.3.1 National Health Information Network (HIN) 2.0, 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.4 Exchange, 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.4.1 TMT Standard, 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.5 Discussion, 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.6 Conclusion, 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e30 United Kingdom's Spine 287\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.1 Introduction, 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.2 Overview, 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.3 Architecture, 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.3.1 Spine Infrastructure, 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.3.2 Structure of Summary Care Record, 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.3.3 Content of Summary Care Record, 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.3.4 Security Infrastructure, 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.3.5 Exchange, 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.4 Discussion, 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.5 Conclusion, 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e31 USA's EHR Meaningful Use 295\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.1 Introduction, 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.2 Overview, 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.3 EHR Meaningful Use, 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.3.1 Requirement Specifications, 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.4 National Health Information Network (NHIN), 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.4.1 NHIN Architecture, 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.4.2 Exchange Services, 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.4.3 Transaction Profiles, 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.4.4 Authorization Framework, 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.4.5 NHIN Trial Project, 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.4.6 NHIN Direct Project, 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.5 Discussion, 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.6 Conclusion, 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART SIX Findings and Conclusion\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e32 Findings and Conclusion 313\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.1 EHR Standards, 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.2 Coding Systems, 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.3 Standard Frameworks, 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.4 Case Studies: National EHR Efforts, 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.4.1 Quantitative Assessment, 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.4.2 Qualitative Assessment, 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.5 Recommended Phases for Implementing A National EHR System, 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlossary 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 339\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default 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