{"product_id":"efficient-petrochemical-processes-9781119487869","title":"Efficient Petrochemical Processes","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA GUIDE TO THE DESIGN, OPERATION, CONTROL, TROUBLESHOOTING, OPTIMIZATION AS WELL AS THE RECENT ADVANCES IN THE FIELD OF PETROCHEMICAL PROCESSES\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEfficient Petrochemical Processes: Technology, Design and Operation\u003c\/i\u003eis a guide to the tools and methods for energy optimization and process design. Written by a panel of experts on the topic, the book highlights the application of these methods on petrochemical technology such as the aromatics process unit. The authors describe practical approaches and tools that focus on improving industrial energy efficiency, reducing capital investment, and optimizing yields through better design, operation, and optimization.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe text is divided into sections that cover the range of essential topics: petrochemical technology description; process design considerations; reaction and separation design; process integration; process system optimization; types of revamps; equipment assessment; common operating issues; and troubleshoot\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart I Market, Design and Technology Overview 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Overview of This Book 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Why Petrochemical Products are Important for the Economy 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Overall Petrochemical Configurations 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Context of Process Designs and Operation for Petrochemical Production 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Who is This Book Written For? 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Market and Technology Overview 13\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Overview of Aromatic Petrochemicals 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Introduction and Market Information 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Technologies in Aromatics Synthesis 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Alternative Feeds for Aromatics 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Technologies in Aromatic Transformation 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Technologies in Aromatic Separations 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Separations by Molecular Weight 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Separations by Isomer Type: \u003ci\u003epara\u003c\/i\u003e‐Xylene 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Separations by Isomer Type: \u003ci\u003emeta\u003c\/i\u003e‐Xylene 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10 Separations by Isomer Type: \u003ci\u003eortho\u003c\/i\u003e‐Xylene and Ethylbenzene 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11 Other Related Aromatics Technologies 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.12 Integrated Refining and Petrochemicals 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Aromatics Process Description 63\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Overall Aromatics Flow Scheme 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Adsorptive Separations for \u003ci\u003epara\u003c\/i\u003e‐Xylene 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Technologies for Treating Feeds for Aromatics Production 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 \u003ci\u003epara\u003c\/i\u003e‐Xylene Purification and Recovery by Crystallization 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Transalkylation Processes 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Xylene Isomerization 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Adsorptive Separation of Pure \u003ci\u003emeta\u003c\/i\u003e‐Xylene 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 \u003ci\u003epara\u003c\/i\u003e‐Selective Catalytic Technologies for \u003ci\u003epara\u003c\/i\u003e‐Xylene 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart II Process Design 83\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Aromatics Process Unit Design 85\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Aromatics Fractionation 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Aromatics Extraction 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Transalkylation 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Xylene Isomerization 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 \u003ci\u003epara\u003c\/i\u003e‐Xylene Separation 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Process Design Considerations: Design Margin Philosophy 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Process Design Considerations: Operational Flexibility 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9 Process Design Considerations: Fractionation Optimization 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.10 Safety Considerations 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.10.1 Reducing Exposure to Hazardous Materials 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.10.2 Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.10.3 Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Study 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Aromatics Process Revamp Design 113\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Stages of Revamp Assessment and Types of Revamp Studies 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Revamp Project Approach 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Revamp Study Methodology and Strategies 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Setting the Design Basis for Revamp Projects 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Process Design for Revamp Projects 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Revamp Impact on Utilities 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Equipment Evaluation for Revamps 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Economic Evaluation 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.10 Example Revamp Cases 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart III Process Equipment Assessment 155\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Distillation Column Assessment 157\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Define a Base Case 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Calculations for Missing and Incomplete Data 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Building Process Simulation 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Heat and Material Balance Assessment 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Tower Efficiency Assessment 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Operating Profile Assessment 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Tower Rating Assessment 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Guidelines for Existing Columns 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreek Letters 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Heat Exchanger Assessment 171\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Basic Calculations 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Understand Performance Criterion: U‐Values 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Understand Fouling 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Understand Pressure Drop 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Effects of Velocity on Heat Transfer, Pressure Drop, and Fouling 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Improving Heat Exchanger Performance 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.A TEMA Types of Heat Exchangers 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Fired Heater Assessment 189\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Fired Heater Design for High Reliability 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Fired Heater Operation for High Reliability 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Efficient Fired Heater Operation 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Fired Heater Revamp 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Compressor Assessment 203\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Types of Compressors 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Impeller Configurations 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Type of Blades 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 How a Compressor Works 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Fundamentals of Centrifugal Compressors 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Performance Curves 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Partial Load Control 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Inlet Throttle Valve 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10 Process Context for a Centrifugal Compressor 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11 Compressor Selection 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Pump Assessment 215\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Understanding Pump Head 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Define Pump Head: Bernoulli Equation 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Calculate Pump Head 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Total Head Calculation Examples 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Pump System Characteristics: System Curve 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Pump Characteristics: Pump Curve 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Best Efficiency Point (BEP) 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 Pump Curves for Different Pump Arrangement 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10 NPSH 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11 Spillback 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.12 Reliability Operating Envelope (ROE) 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.13 Pump Control 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.14 Pump Selection and Sizing 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreek Letters 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart IV Energy and Process Integration 235\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Process Integration for Higher Efficiency and Low Cost 237\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Definition of Process Integration 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Composite Curves and Heat Integration 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Grand Composite Curves (GCC) 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Appropriate Placement Principle for Process Changes 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Systematic Approach for Process Integration 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Applications of the Process Integration Methodology 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Energy Benchmarking 263\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Definition of Energy Intensity for a Process 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 The Concept of Fuel Equivalent (FE) for Steam and Power 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Calculate Energy Intensity for a Process 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Fuel Equivalent for Steam and Power 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Energy Performance Index (EPI) Method for Energy Benchmarking 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Concluding Remarks 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Key Indicators and Targets 275\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Key Indicators Represent Operation Opportunities 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Defining Key Indicators 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Set Up Targets for Key Indicators 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Economic Evaluation for Key Indicators 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Application 1: Implementing Key Indicators into an “Energy Dashboard” 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Application 2: Implementing Key Indicators to Controllers 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 It is Worth the Effort 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Distillation System Optimization 289\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Tower Optimization Basics 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Energy Optimization for Distillation System 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Overall Process Optimization 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Concluding Remarks 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Fractionation and Separation Theory and Practices 303\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Separation Technology Overview 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Distillation Basics 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Advanced Distillation Topics 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Adsorption 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Simulated Moving Bed (SMB) 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Crystallization 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Liquid–Liquid Extraction 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9 Extractive Distillation 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.10 Membranes 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.11 Selecting a Separation Method 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Reaction Engineering Overview 325\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Reaction Basics 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Reaction Kinetic Modeling Basics 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Rate Equation Based on Surface Kinetics 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Limitations in Catalytic Reaction 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Reactor Types 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Reactor Design 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8 Hybrid Reaction and Separation 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9 Catalyst Deactivation Root Causes and Modeling 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart V Operational Guidelines and Troubleshooting 345\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Common Operating Issues 347\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Start‐up Considerations 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Methyl Group and Phenyl Ring Losses 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Limiting Aromatics Losses 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Fouling 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Aromatics Extraction Unit Solvent Degradation 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Selective Adsorption of \u003ci\u003epara\u003c\/i\u003e‐Xylene by Simulated Moving Bed 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 Common Issues with Sampling and Laboratory Analysis 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.9 Measures of Operating Efficiency in Aromatics Complex Process Units 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.10 The Future of Plant Troubleshooting and Optimization 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Troubleshooting Case Studies 379\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Transalkylation Unit: Low Catalyst Activity During Normal Operation 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Xylene Isomerization Unit: Low Catalyst Activity Following Start‐up 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 \u003ci\u003epara\u003c\/i\u003e‐Xylene Selective Adsorption Unit: Low Recovery After Turnaround 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Aromatics Extraction Unit: Low Extract Purity\/Recovery 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Aromatics Complex: Low \u003ci\u003epara\u003c\/i\u003e‐Xylene Production 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.7 Closing Remarks 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 391\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49407064899927,"sku":"9781119487869","price":121.46,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119487869.jpg?v=1730498051","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/efficient-petrochemical-processes-9781119487869","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}