{"product_id":"design-deployment-and-performance-of-4glte-networks-9781118683217","title":"Design Deployment and Performance of 4GLTE","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book provides an insight into the key practical aspects and best practice of 4G-LTE network design, performance, and deployment     Design, Deployment and Performance of 4G-LTE Networks addresses the key practical aspects and best practice of 4G networks design, performance, and deployment.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eAuthors’ Biographies xv\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003ePreface xvii\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eAcknowledgments xix\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eAbbreviations and Acronyms xxi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 LTE Network Architecture and Protocols 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eAyman Elnashar and Mohamed A. El-saidny\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Evolution of 3GPP Standards 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.1 3GPP Release 99 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.2 3GPP Release 4 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.3 3GPP Release 5 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.4 3GPP Release 6 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.5 3GPP Release 7 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.6 3GPP Release 8 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.7 3GPP Release 9 and Beyond 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Radio Interface Techniques in 3GPP Systems 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3 Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.4 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Radio Access Mode Operations 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2 Time Division Duplex (TDD) 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Spectrum Allocation in UMTS and LTE 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 LTE Network Architecture 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 Evolved Packet System (EPS) 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.2 Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.3 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.4 LTE User Equipment 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 EPS Interfaces 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.1 S1-MME Interface 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.2 LTE-Uu Interface 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.3 S1-U Interface 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.4 S3 Interface (SGSN-MME) 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.5 S4 (SGSN to SGW) 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.6 S5\/S8 Interface 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.7 S6a (Diameter) 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.8 S6b Interface (Diameter) 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.9 S6d (Diameter) 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.10 S9 Interface (H-PCRF-VPCRF) 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.11 S10 Interface (MME-MME) 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.12 S11 Interface (MME–SGW) 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.13 S12 Interface 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.14 S13 Interface 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.15 SGs Interface 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.16 SGi Interface 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.17 Gx Interface 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.18 Gy and Gz Interfaces 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.19 DNS Interface 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.20 Gn\/Gp Interface 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.21 SBc Interface 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.22 Sv Interface 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 EPS Protocols and Planes 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.1 Access and Non-Access Stratum 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.2 Control Plane 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.3 User Plane 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 EPS Procedures Overview 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.1 EPS Registration and Attach Procedures 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.2 EPS Quality of Service (QoS) 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.3 EPS Security Basics 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.4 EPS Idle and Active States 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.5 EPS Network Topology for Mobility Procedures 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.6 EPS Identifiers 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 LTE Air Interface and Procedures 47\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eMohamed A. El-saidny\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 LTE Protocol Stack 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 SDU and PDU 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 LTE Radio Resource Control (RRC) 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 LTE Packet Data Convergence Protocol Layer (PDCP) 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 PDCP Architecture 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 PDCP Data and Control SDUs 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 PDCP Header Compression 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4 PDCP Ciphering 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.5 PDCP In-Order Delivery 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.6 PDCP in LTE versus HSPA 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 LTE Radio Link Control (RLC) 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 RLC Architecture 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 RLC Modes 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3 Control and Data PDUs 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.4 RLC in LTE versus HSPA 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 LTE Medium Access Control (MAC) 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 LTE Physical Layer (PHY) 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.1 HSPA(+) Channel Overview 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.2 General LTE Physical Channels 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.3 LTE Downlink Physical Channels 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.4 LTE Uplink Physical Channels 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Channel Mapping of Protocol Layers 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.1 E-UTRAN Channel Mapping 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.2 UTRAN Channel Mapping 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 LTE Air Interface 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.1 LTE Frame Structure 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.2 LTE Frequency and Time Domains Structure 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.3 OFDM Downlink Transmission Example 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.4 Downlink Scheduling 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.5 Uplink Scheduling 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.6 LTE Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10 Data Flow Illustration Across the Protocol Layers 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10.1 HSDPA Data Flow 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10.2 LTE Data Flow 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11 LTE Air Interface Procedures 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11.1 Overview 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11.2 Frequency Scan and Cell Identification 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11.3 Reception of Master and System Information Blocks (MIB and SIB) 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11.4 Random Access Procedures (RACH) 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11.5 Attach and Registration 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11.6 Downlink and Uplink Data Transfer 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11.7 Connected Mode Mobility 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11.8 Idle Mode Mobility and Paging 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Analysis and Optimization of LTE System Performance 103\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eMohamed A. El-saidny\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Deployment Optimization Processes 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Profiling Device and User Behavior in the Network 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Network Deployment Optimization Processes 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Measuring the Performance Targets 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.4 LTE Troubleshooting Guidelines 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 LTE Performance Analysis Based on Field Measurements 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Performance Evaluation of Downlink Throughput 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Performance Evaluation of Uplink Throughput 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 LTE Case Studies and Troubleshooting 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Network Scheduler Implementations 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 LTE Downlink Throughput Case Study and Troubleshooting 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 LTE Uplink Throughput Case Studies and Troubleshooting 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 LTE Handover Case Studies 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 LTE Inter-RAT Cell Reselection 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Introduction to Cell Reselection 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 LTE to WCDMA Inter-RAT Cell Reselection 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 WCDMA to LTE Inter-RAT Cell Reselection 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Inter-RAT Cell Reselection Optimization Considerations 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 SIB-19 Planning Strategy for UTRAN to E-UTRAN Cell Reselection 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 SIB-6 Planning Strategy for E-UTRAN to UTRAN Cell Reselection 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3 Inter-RAT Case Studies from Field Test 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.4 Parameter Setting Trade-off 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 LTE to LTE Inter-frequency Cell Reselection 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.1 LTE Inter-Frequency Cell Reselection Rules 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.2 LTE Inter-Frequency Optimization Considerations 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 LTE Inter-RAT and Inter-frequency Handover 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.1 Inter-RAT and Inter-Frequency Handover Rules 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.2 Inter-RAT and Inter-Frequency Handover Optimization\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsiderations 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Performance Analysis and Optimization of LTE Key Features: C-DRX, CSFB, and MIMO 191\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eMohamed A. El-saidny and Ayman Elnashar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 LTE Connected Mode Discontinuous Reception (C-DRX) 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.1 Concepts of DRX for Battery Saving 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.2 Optimizing C-DRX Performance 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Circuit Switch Fallback (CSFB) for LTE Voice Calls 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 CSFB to UTRAN Call Flow and Signaling 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 CSFB to UTRAN Features and Roadmap 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Optimizing CSFB to UTRAN 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output (MIMO) Techniques 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Introduction to MIMO Concepts 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 3GPP MIMO Evolution 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 MIMO in LTE 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Closed-Loop MIMO (TM4) versus Open-Loop MIMO (TM3) 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.5 MIMO Optimization Case Study 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Deployment Strategy of LTE Network 273\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eAyman Elnashar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Summary and Objective 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 LTE Network Topology 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Core Network Domain 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Policy Charging and Charging (PCC) Entities 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Mobility Management Entity (MME) 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Serving Gateway (SGW) 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 PDN Gateway (PGW) 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.5 Interworking with PDN (DHCP) 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.6 Usage of RADIUS on the Gi\/SGi Interface 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.7 IPv6 EPC Transition Strategy 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 IPSec Gateway (IPSec GW) 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 IPSec GW Deployment Strategy and Redundancy Options 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 EPC Deployment and Evolution Strategy 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Access Network Domain 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 E-UTRAN Overall Description 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 Home eNB 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.3 Relaying 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.4 End-to-End Routing of the eNB 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.5 Macro Sites Deployment Strategy 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.6 IBS Deployment Strategy 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.7 Passive Inter Modulation (PIM) 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Spectrum Options and Guard Band 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7.1 Guard Band Requirement 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7.2 Spectrum Options for LTE 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 LTE Business Case and Financial Analysis 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8.1 Key Financial KPIs [31] 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Case Study: Inter-Operator Deployment Scenario 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Coverage and Capacity Planning of 4G Networks 349\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eAyman Elnashar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Summary and Objectives 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 LTE Network Planning and Rollout Phases 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 LTE System Foundation 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 LTE FDD Frame Structure 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Slot Structure and Physical Resources 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Reference Signal Structure 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 PCI and TA Planning 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 PCI Planning Introduction 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 PCI Planning Guidelines 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Tracking Areas (TA) Planning 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 PRACH Planning 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Zadoff-Chu Sequence 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 PRACH Planning Procedures 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3 Practical PRACH Planning Scenarios 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Coverage Planning 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.1 RSSI, RSRP, RSRQ, and SINR 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.2 The Channel Quality Indicator 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.3 Modulation and Coding Scheme and Link Adaptation 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.4 LTE Link Budget and Coverage Analysis 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.5 Comparative Analysis with HSPA+ 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.6 Link Budget for LTE Channels 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.7 RF Propagation Models and Model Tuning 409\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 LTE Throughput and Capacity Analysis 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.1 Served Physical Layer Throughput Calculation 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.2 Average Spectrum Efficiency Estimation 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.3 Average Sector Capacity 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.4 Capacity Dimensioning Process 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.5 Capacity Dimensioning Exercises 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.6 Calculation of VoIP Capacity in LTE 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.7 LTE Channels Planning 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Case Study: LTE FDD versus LTE TDD 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Voice Evolution in 4G Networks 445\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eMahmoud R. Sherif\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Voice over IP Basics 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 VoIP Protocol Stack 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 VoIP Signaling (Call Setup) 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.3 VoIP Bearer Traffic (Encoded Speech) 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Voice Options for LTE 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 SRVCC and CSFB 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Circuit Switched Fallback (CSFB) 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 IMS Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC) 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 IMS Overview 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 VoLTE Call Flow and Interaction with IMS 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Voice Call Continuity Overview 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.4 SRVCC from VoLTE to 3G\/2G 471\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.5 Enhanced SRVCC (eSRVCC) 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Key VoLTE Features 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 End-to-End QoS Support 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Semi-Persistent Scheduler 486\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 TTI Bundling 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Connected Mode DRX 491\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.5 Robust Header Compression (ROHC) 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.6 VoLTE Vocoders and De-Jitter Buffer 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Deployment Considerations for VoLTE 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 505\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 4G Advanced Features and Roadmap Evolutions from LTE to LTE-A 507\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eAyman Elnashar and Mohamed A. El-saidny\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Performance Comparison between LTE’s UE Category 3 and 4 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Trial Overview 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Downlink Performance Comparison in Near and Far Cell Conditions 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Downlink Performance Comparison in Mobility Conditions 515\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Carrier Aggregation 516\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Basic Definitions of LTE Carrier Aggregation 518\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Band Types of LTE Carrier Aggregation 519\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Impact of LTE Carrier Aggregation on Protocol Layers 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Enhanced MIMO 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Enhanced Downlink MIMO 522\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Uplink MIMO 523\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) and Small Cells 523\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Wireless Backhauling Applicable to HetNet Deployment 524\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Key Features for HetNet Deployment 528\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Coordinated Multi-Point Transmission and Reception 531\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.1 DL CoMP Categories 531\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.2 UL CoMP Categories 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.3 Performance Evaluation of CoMP 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Self-Organizing, Self-Optimizing Networks (SON) 535\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.1 Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR) 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.2 Mobility Robust Optimization (MRO) 537\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.3 Mobility Load Balancing (MLB) 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.4 SON Enhancements in LTE-A 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 LTE-A Relays and Home eNodeBs (HeNB) 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 UE Positioning and Location-Based Services in LTE 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.1 LBS Overview 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.2 LTE Positioning Architecture 543\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eReferences 544\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eIndex 547\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49406904729943,"sku":"9781118683217","price":82.6,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781118683217.jpg?v=1730497508","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/design-deployment-and-performance-of-4glte-networks-9781118683217","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}