{"product_id":"damages-in-investor-state-arbitration-current-issues-and-challenges-9789004366855","title":"Damages in Investor-State Arbitration: Current Issues and Challenges","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDamages in Investor-State Arbitration: Current Issues and Challenges addresses specificities of the assessment of damages in investor-state disputes, reflecting the tensions between the sovereignty and self-determination of states and their legal obligations towards foreign investors. These tensions are primarily present in the context of compensation for expropriation, but other commitments of host states undertaken in bilateral investment treaties and contracts with foreign investors may also be in conflict with changing political and economic circumstances. With this background, the calculation of damages becomes a complex endeavor in each case. The lack of valuation principles that are uniformly accepted and implemented leads to uncertainty and unpredictability in practice. The present analysis tries to identify the most important issues and challenges, such as the choice of the valuation date, appropriate valuation methods, moral damages, and the awarding of interest.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDamages in Investor-State Arbitration: Current Issues and Challenges   Irmgard Marboe   Abstract   Keywords   I Introduction   II Special Features of Investment Arbitration in the Area of Damages   III Challenges Regarding the Applicable Law   IV Standards in Expropriation and in Non-expropriation Cases   V Difference between ‘Lawful’ and ‘Unlawful’ Expropriations   VI Causation   VII Importance of the Valuation Date   VIII The Application of Valuation Methods   IX Opinions on Country Risk   X Other Possible Limitations on Damages   XI Thresholds for Moral Damages   XII Interest   XIII Conclusion   References","brand":"Brill","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53210751009111,"sku":"9789004366855","price":71.44,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/damages-in-investor-state-arbitration-current-issues-and-challenges-9789004366855","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}