{"product_id":"dam-failure-mechanisms-and-risk-assessment-9781118558515","title":"Dam Failure Mechanisms and Risk Assessment","description":"\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eForeword by Kaare Høeg xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForeword by Jinsheng Jia xiv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xvi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements xviii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Authors xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART I DAM AND DIKE FAILURE DATABASES 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Dams and Their Components 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Classification of Dams 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Constructed Embankment Dams 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Landslide Dams 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Concrete Gravity Dams 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Concrete Arch Dams 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Dikes 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Statistical Analysis of Failures of Constructed Embankment Dams 11\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Database of Failures of Constructed Embankment Dams 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Failure Modes and Processes 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Overtopping 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Internal Erosion 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Common Causes of Embankment Dam Failures 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Failure of Different Types of Embankment Dams 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Analysis of Homogeneous and Composite Earthfill Dams 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Analysis of Earthfill Dams with Corewalls 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Statistical Analysis of Failures of Landslide Dams 25\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Database of Failures of Landslide Dams 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Locations of Landslide Dams 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Formation Times of Landslide Dams 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Triggers of Landslide Dams 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.4 Types of Landslide 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.5 Dam Heights and Lake Volumes 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Stability, Longevity, and Failure Modes of Landslide Dams 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Stability of Landslide Dams 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Longevity of Landslide Dams 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Failure Modes 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Mitigation Measures for Landslide Dams 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Stages of Landslide Dam Risk Mitigation 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Engineering Mitigation Measures for Landslide Dams 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Engineering Measures for the Landslide Dams Induced by the Wenchuan Earthquake 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 Mitigation Measures for the Tangjiashan Landslide Dam 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Statistical Analysis of Failures of Concrete Dams 53\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Database of Failures of Concrete Dams 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Failure Modes and Processes 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Common Causes of Concrete Dam Failures 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Statistical Analysis of Failures of Dikes 57\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Database of Dike Breaching Cases 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Evaluation of Dike Failure Mechanisms 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Most Relevant Failure Mechanisms 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Statistics of Observed Failure Mechanisms 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART II DAM FAILURE MECHANISMS AND BREACHING PROCESS MODELING 67\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Internal Erosion in Dams and Their Foundations 69\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Concepts of Internal Erosion 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Mechanisms of Initiation of Internal Erosion 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Concentrated Leak Erosion 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Backward Erosion 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Contact Erosion 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Suffusion 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Initiation of Concentrated Leak Erosion Through Cracks 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Causes of Concentrated Leak 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Need for Studying Soil Erodibility for Concentrated Leak Erosion 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Laboratory Tests on Concentrated Leak Erosion 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Factors Affecting Concentrated Leak Erosion 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.5 Soil Dispersivity 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Initiation of Backward Erosion 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Susceptibility of a Dam or Dike to Backward Erosion 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Methods for Assessing Backward Erosion 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Formation of a Pipe due to Backward Erosion 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Initiation of Contact Erosion 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Fundamental Aspects of Contact Erosion Process 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Laboratory Investigation on Contact Erosion 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3 Threshold of Contact Erosion 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Initiation of Suffusion 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.1 Control Parameters for Likelihood of Suffusion 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.2 Laboratory Testing of Suffusion 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.3 Geometrical Criteria for Internal Stability of Soils 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.4 Critical Hydraulic Gradients for Suffusion 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Filter Criteria 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.1 Functions of Filter 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.2 Filter Criteria 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Continuation of Internal Erosion 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Progression of Internal Erosion 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.10 Suggested Topics for Further Research 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Mechanics of Overtopping Erosion of Dams 127\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Mechanics of Surface Erosion 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Incipient Motion of Sediment 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Sediment Transport 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Determination of Erodibility of Soils 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Critical Erosive Shear Stress 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Coefficient of Erodibility 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Laboratory Tests 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Field Tests 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.5 Classification of Soil Erodibility 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Characteristics of Overtopping Erosion Failure of Dams 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Homogeneous Embankment Dams with Cohesionless Materials 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Homogeneous Embankment Dams with Cohesive Materials 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Composite Embankment Dams 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Suggested Topics for Further Research 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Dam Breach Modeling 161\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Methods for Dam Breach Modeling 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Dam Breaching Data 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Embankment Dam Breaching Data 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Landslide Dam Breaching Data 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Dike Breaching Data 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Empirical Analysis Methods 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Multivariable Regression 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Empirical Breaching Parameters for Constructed Embankment Dams 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Empirical Breaching Parameters for Landslide Dams 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 Empirical Breaching Parameters for Dikes 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.5 Comparison of Breaching Parameters for Landslide Dams and Constructed Embankment Dams 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Numerical Simulation of Overtopping Erosion 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Simplified Physically Based Methods 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Detailed Physically Based Methods 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.3 Case Studies 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Numerical Simulation of Internal Erosion 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Continuum Methods 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Particle Level Analysis 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.3 Case Studies 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Analysis of Dam Breaching Flood Routing 222\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 River Hydraulics 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 One-dimensional Models 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Two-dimensional Models 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Numerical Models for Flood Routing Analysis 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 One-dimensional Numerical Models 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Two-dimensional Numerical Models 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Coupling of 1D\/2D Numerical Models 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Example – Tangjiashan Landslide Dam Failure 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Geometric Information 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Dam Breaching Simulation 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Boundary and Initial Conditions 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Flood Routing Analysis and Results 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART III DAM FAILURE RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 241\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Analysis of Probability of Failure of Dams 243\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Analysis Methods 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Event Tree 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Fault Tree 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 First-order Reliability Method\/First-order Second-moment Method 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.5 Monte Carlo Simulation 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.6 Bayesian Networks 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Examples of Probabilistic Analysis of Dam Failure 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Probabilistic Analysis of Chinese Dam Distresses 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Probabilistic Analysis of the Chenbihe Dam Distresses Using Bayesian Networks 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Vulnerability to Dam Breaching Floods\u003c\/b\u003e 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Concepts of Vulnerability 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Human Vulnerability to Dam Breaching Floods 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Human Stability in Flood 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Influence Factors 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Methods for Evaluating Human Vulnerability Factor in a Flood 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.4 Database of Fatalities in Dam\/Dike Breaching or Other Floods 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Bayesian Network Analysis of Human Vulnerability to Floods 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Bayesian Networks 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Building the Bayesian Network for Human Vulnerability 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Quantifying the Networks 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4 Validation of the Model 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Damage to Buildings and Infrastructures 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 Flood Action on Buildings 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2 Models for Building Damage Evaluation 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.3 Relationship between Building Damage and Loss of Life 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Suggested Topics for Further Research 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Dam Failure Risk Assessment 307\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Risk and Risk Assessment 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Definition of Risk 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Risk Management 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Dam Failure Risk Analysis 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Scope Definition 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Hazards Identification 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Identification of Failure Modes 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.4 Estimation of Failure Probability 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.5 Evaluation of Elements at Risk 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.6 Vulnerability Evaluation 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.7 Risk Estimation 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Risk Assessment 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Risk Tolerance Criteria 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 ALARP Considerations 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Suggested Topics for Further Research 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Dam Failure Contingency Risk Management 322\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Process of Contingency Risk Management 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.1 Observation and Prediction 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.2 Decision-making 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.3 Warning 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.4 Response 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.5 Evacuation 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Decision-making Under Uncertainty 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Decision Tree 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Multi-phase Decision 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.3 Influence Diagrams 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Dynamic Decision-Making 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Dam Failure Emergency Management 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Dynamic Decision-making Framework 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 Time Series Models for Estimating Dam Failure Probability 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.4 Evaluation of the Consequences of Dam Failures 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.5 Features of DYDEM 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Suggested Topics for Further Research 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Case Study: Risk-based Decision-making for the Tangjiashan Landslide Dam Failure 353\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Timeline for Decision-making for the Tangjiashan Landslide Dam Failure 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Prediction of Dam Break Probability with Time Series Analysis 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Forecasting Inflow Rates 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Forecasting Lake Volume 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Prediction of Dam Failure Probability 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Simulation of Dam Breaching and Flood Routing 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.1 Simulation of Dam Breaching and Flood Routing in Stage 1 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2 Simulation of Dam Breaching and Flood Routing in Stage 2 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.3 Simulation of Dam Breaching and Flood Routing in Stage 3 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Evaluation of Flood Consequences 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 Methodology 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 Calculated Dam Break Flood Consequences 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Dynamic Decision-making 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.1 Methodology 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.2 Dynamic Decision-making in Three Stages 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Discussions 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.1 Influence of the Value of Human Life 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.2 Influence of Failure Mode 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.3 Sensitivity of the Minimum Expected Total Consequence 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART IV APPENDIXES: DAM FAILURE DATABASES 377\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A: Database of 1443 Cases of Failures of Constructed Dams 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix B: Database of 1044 Cases of Failures of Landslide Dams 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 474\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51769055773015,"sku":"9781118558515","price":118.75,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781118558515.jpg?v=1758719481","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/dam-failure-mechanisms-and-risk-assessment-9781118558515","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}