{"product_id":"culture-conscious-9781119677185","title":"Culture Conscious","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDiscover cultural psychology with this up-to-date introductory text full of bite-sized briefings perfect for undergraduate students Culture Conscious: Briefings on Culture, Cognition, and Behavior delivers an insightful treatment of 46 different topics in the cross-cultural study of perception, cognition, personality, social behavior, health and moral reasoning. These stand-alone briefings are ideal for instructors who wish to assign individual topics without requiring their students to read an entire textbook.    The book presents the newest findings from cross-cultural psychology on both general topics, like cultural dimensions and methodological issues, and more specific subjects, like a 2015 study that compared the definitions of fairness used b children in Germany and rural Namibia.    Split into 11 units that correspond roughly to chapter topics in more typical introductory psychology textbooks, the book contains briefings of roughly 700 to 1000 words each. Every briefing is writ\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhy I Wrote This Book xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Author xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 1 Conceptual Tools 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 1. Unpacking Culture 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eArriving at a consensus definition of “culture” is less important than identifying the active ingredients in culture that shape and direct our thoughts and actions. \u003c\/i\u003e3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 2. Differences Between and Differences Within 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe differences between cultural groups are almost always smaller than the differences within cultural groups. Why is that important? \u003c\/i\u003e7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 3. Is the World Becoming More Individualistic? 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eAmericans are, on average, becoming more individualistic. But what about people in other countries? Are historically collectivistic countries such as China becoming more individualistic? \u003c\/i\u003e11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 4. Like Pants, Some Countries Are Tighter Than Others 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eWould you like to live in a place where people can sing and kiss and even curse in public? If so, consider Estonia and Brazil, but cross Pakistan and Singapore off your list. \u003c\/i\u003e16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 5. What Can a Cow, Chicken, and Grass Tell Us About How We Think? 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eResearchers use verbal triads and other tasks to assess the degree to which a person is an analytic thinker or a holistic thinker. \u003c\/i\u003e21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 2 Methodological Considerations 25\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 6. Making Psychology Less “WEIRD” 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eOur knowledge of human psychology is based largely on studies of people who live in Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic societies. That’s a problem, but cross-cultural researchers have a solution. \u003c\/i\u003e27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 7. Why Behavioral Scientists Conduct Cross-Cultural Studies 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eWhen the generalizability of a theory is in question, or two variables are inextricably linked at home, it’s time to go abroad. \u003c\/i\u003e33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 8. Geographical Psychology and the Seductive Allure of Psychological Atlases 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eResearchers who investigate spatial patterns of psychological phenomena sometimes present their findings in a psychological atlas, a kind of map that can conceal as much as it reveals. \u003c\/i\u003e38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 9. Does Speaking a Second Language Make You Smarter? 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eStudies have found that people who speak more than one language appear to possess superior cognitive ability, but at least one psychologist thinks the “bilingual advantage” is a suspect phenomenon. The alleged culprit? Publication bias. \u003c\/i\u003e44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 3 Intercultural Communication 48\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 10. Communication Styles in Estonia and the United States 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEstonians describe themselves as reserved, modest, and quiet. What happens when an outgoing American lives and works with reserved Estonians? \u003c\/i\u003e50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 11. Study Abroad and Intercultural Competence 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eDoes an international educational experience improve one’s ability to interact effectively with people who are culturally different? It’s a straightforward question that’s more difficult to test than you might think. \u003c\/i\u003e55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 12. Reading People’s Faces and Between the Lines 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMight the First Gulf War have never happened if negotiators for the United States and Iraq had better understood each other’s cultural norms? And why are some cultural groups less expressive emotionally than others? \u003c\/i\u003e60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 13. How to Respond to a Cultural Incident 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eHas a cross-cultural encounter ever left you feeling confused, irritated, and embarrassed? A few simple steps can help you successfully navigate “the unfamiliar” when interacting with someone who is culturally different. \u003c\/i\u003e66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 4 Perceptual Processes 71\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 14. How Carpentered Is Your World? 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eCompared to city dwellers who see hundreds of right angles every day, people who grow up in “uncarpentered” societies are less susceptible to a famous perceptual illusion. \u003c\/i\u003e73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 15. Do You See a Smiling Face? (^_^) 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eResearchers have known for years that happy and sad facial expressions are easily recognized by people around the world. Is the same true for happy and sad emoticons? \u003c\/i\u003e78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 16. I’m New Here. Did I Arrive Too Early? 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003ePeople in different parts of the world have different understandings of what it means to be early and late. How we partition the minutes in an hour may explain cultural differences in punctuality. \u003c\/i\u003e83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 17. Eyewitnessing and “They All Look Alike to Me” 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaybe you’ve heard someone say, “How should I know if I’ve seen the guy before? They all look alike to me.” We may be inclined to think the clueless person is a racial bigot, yet multiple studies suggest a different conclusion. \u003c\/i\u003e88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 5 Cognitive Processes 92\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 18. I Forgot Your Phone Number Because It Has So Many Syllables 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow easily can people memorize a string of numbers or a series of color names? The answer depends, in part, on the language they speak. 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 19. Can a Westerner Think Like an East Asian? 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMost Westerners are analytic thinkers, and most East Asians are holistic thinkers. Is it possible for someone to adopt the cognitive style used by people who live halfway around the world? 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 20. Is “Before” to the Left or Right of “After”? 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur inclinations about where to locate time-related events in space are shaped by cultural values and language. 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 21. Experiencing the World Inside-Out or Outside-In 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eCultural variations in perspective-taking reveal fundamental differences in personal motives and conceptions of self. \u003c\/i\u003e107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 22. Do People Everywhere Experience Cognitive Dissonance in the Same Way? 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eActing in a way that contradicts a cherished belief produces a state of mental tension and discomfort. Does one’s cultural background play a role in this process? \u003c\/i\u003e112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 6 Human Development and Individual Differences 117\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 23. Are the Twos Terrible Everywhere? 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaybe parenting a toddler doesn’t have to be such an ordeal – and autocratic parenting might not be as bad as it sounds. \u003c\/i\u003e119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 24. Are Young People Growing Up More Slowly? 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eRecent studies have established links between cultural individualism, the delayed development of a mature personality, and the postponement of adulthood. \u003c\/i\u003e124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 25. Solving the Puzzle of National Differences in Self-Esteem 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eStudies consistently find that people in some countries report higher levels of self-esteem than people in other countries. Less well understood are the reasons for these differences. \u003c\/i\u003e129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 26. Are Muslim Arabs Especially Fatalistic? 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eCommentators claim that Arabs and Muslims believe that what happens in life is predetermined, in the hands of God, and beyond their control. Are the commentators’ claims valid? \u003c\/i\u003e134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 7 Health and Well-Being 138\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 27. Emotions, Culture, and Heart Disease 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eBeing angry at other people predicts poor health outcomes in the United States but good health outcomes in Japan. How can that be? \u003c\/i\u003e140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 28. Do American Parents Overreport Symptoms of ADHD? 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eA recent study found that parents in Australia and the United States were more likely than parents in Norway and Sweden to report symptoms of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder in their young children. Now researchers want to know why. \u003c\/i\u003e144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 29. Witchdoctors and Psychiatrists 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe psychotherapeutic techniques used by Western mental health professionals and native healers look very different on the surface. At their root, though, they draw upon the same fundamental principles. \u003c\/i\u003e148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 30. How Much Is Enough? 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eIn an ideal world, we would all choose to be maximally happy, healthy, and free. Right? Not according to a recent study of people’s preferences in \u003c\/i\u003e27\u003ci\u003e nations. \u003c\/i\u003e153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 8 Social Behavior 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 31. The World at 7:00 P.M. 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eBehavioral scientists know how to measure and describe the characteristics of individuals, but can they measure and describe the characteristics of situations? In \u003c\/i\u003e2016\u003ci\u003e, thousands of volunteers in \u003c\/i\u003e20\u003ci\u003e nations used a new tool to describe what they did the night before. \u003c\/i\u003e159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 32. Do Americans Conform More Than People in Other Countries? 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eResearchers have replicated Solomon Asch’s classic study in \u003c\/i\u003e17\u003ci\u003e countries and discovered large cultural differences in levels of conformity. \u003c\/i\u003e164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 33. Southern Comfort 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eWhy are Southerners in the United States so polite? In cultures of honor, people protect their reputation by avenging insults and slurs, so it pays to be courteous to others. \u003c\/i\u003e169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 34. Cities Where Tourists Are More Likely to Receive Help 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eIf misfortune comes your way while traveling abroad, will you be most likely to receive help from a passerby in Amsterdam, Kuala Lumpur, or Rio de Janeiro? \u003c\/i\u003e173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 35. Are Americans as Obedient as People in Other Countries? 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe results of a notorious psychological experiment suggest that most Americans will obey an authority figure who tells them to shock another person. Are people in other countries equally obedient? \u003c\/i\u003e178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 9 Moral Reasoning 183\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 36. That’s Not Fair! 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eWhere do standards of fairness come from? Are they a human universal, part of some evolutionary adaptation that supports cooperation? Or are they cultural norms, imprinted upon young impressionable minds? \u003c\/i\u003e185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 37. Japan Is a Loser’s Paradise 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003ePicture yourself in a large city. You lose your wallet, cell phone, or something else of value. Statistics show you have a much better chance of recovering the item in Tokyo than in New York City. The question is why. \u003c\/i\u003e190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 38. Why People Everywhere Cheat (But Only a Little) 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eAre you \u003c\/i\u003e100\u003ci\u003e% honest all the time? Probably not, but don’t worry. You’re in good company. Researchers have documented low levels of cheating in \u003c\/i\u003e18\u003ci\u003e countries on four continents. \u003c\/i\u003e194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 39. Do We Feel Less When Thinking in a Foreign Language? 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eWhen people think in a foreign language, they’re more likely to make rational gambling decisions and utilitarian moral judgments, but the reasons why were unclear until now. \u003c\/i\u003e199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 10 Living in a Multicultural World 203\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 40. What Happens When a Foreigner Adopts an Anglo Name? 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eWhen Chinese students come to the United States, they sometimes use an Anglicized name. Will they, as a result, experience less discrimination? Or might they lose part of their cultural identity? \u003c\/i\u003e205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 41. The Importing and Exporting of Mental Disorders 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe evidence is clear: A psychiatric illness can spread, like a virus, from one part of the world to another. What is less clear is how it happens and how often it happens. \u003c\/i\u003e209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 42. Why Are So Many Spelling Bee Champions Indian Americans? 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eIndian American youngsters have dominated the Scripps National Spelling Bee since \u003c\/i\u003e1999\u003ci\u003e. Do cultural beliefs about the changeability of intelligence lead to success in academic competitions? \u003c\/i\u003e214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBriefing 43. How to Win an Argument with Your Political Opponent 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eIn the culture wars, it’s difficult to change people’s minds – but maybe not impossible. Researchers have identified an effective strategy: Reframe your arguments in the moral language of your adversary. \u003c\/i\u003e218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlossary G-1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex I-1\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49407116837207,"sku":"9781119677185","price":72.15,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119677185.jpg?v=1730498240","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/culture-conscious-9781119677185","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}