{"product_id":"chinas-response-to-the-west-9780674120259","title":"Chinas Response to the West","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe present confrontation of Communist China and the United States, on which the future of peace in Asia hinges, is merely the latest phase in a continuing historical process--the remaking of China's ancient society under the stimulus of Western contact. How does it happen that a century of foreign trade and missionary evangelism, of modern education and the training of Chinese students in Western ways, has now resulted in a seeming rejection of the West? What has been the real nature of China's response to the West during the past century of our contact?This volume gives the first inside account, on so broad a scale, of how China's leaders reacted to the invasion of Western arms and goods, persons and ideas, during the three generations from the Opium War to the rise of the Kuomintang. In 28 chapters, with translations of 65 key documents, the authors trace the stages by which the scholar-officials of the Middle Kingdom were brought to recognize successively the need for Western arms to defend their country, Western technology for making arms, modern science to support technology, its application in modern industry to strengthen the nation, and all the attendant new ideas which led them eventually into great movements for institutional reform, political revolution, and ideological reconstruction.   From the famous Commissioner un's first study of Western geography during his anti-opium crusade, through the efforts of Li Hungchang and others at self-strengthening by industrialization, down to the critical thought of Dr. Hu Shih and the eclecticism of Sun Yat-sen in the early 20th century, the writings of China's leaders ring the changes on a central theme how to remake their heritage and create a modern nation capable of meeting the West on equal terms. The provincial viceroys, the Reformers of 1898, the Boxers in 1900, the old Empress Dowager, and the eager students studying abroad, each in their own way, all grapple with this absorbing problem. The varied Chinese responses to the West in the formative century here analyzed give us a new insight into the springs of social action among one-fifth of mankind.   The companion volume, for the research specialist, provides Notes and Sources, Bibliography, and a Glossary of Chinese names and terms, essential bases for further exploration of this new field.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA fascinating and highly important book… It is impossible within such a brief review even to summarize the wealth of material presented… Its authors have brilliantly sketched in the background for the writings they reproduce and have also worked into their text very illuminating biographical notes on the Chinese writers. * American Historical Review *\u003cbr\u003eFor those who are interested in intellectual history this book is a brilliant combination of commentary and documents on nearly a century of Chinese thought… The authors have themselves woven the contributions of others into a meaningful pattern. * Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science *\u003cbr\u003eThe documentary survey by Teng and Fairbank, which through an excellent selection of material makes available in English the most important documents of each period and each point of view, providing a kaleidoscopic picture. * World Politics *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eReigns of the Ch'ing (Manchu) Dynasty    PART 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND    1. Introduction    2. Some Elements in the Chinese Intellectual Tradition    Some Early Ch'ing \"Nationalist\" Thinkers    The Early Jesuit Influence in China   The Attitude of the Ch'ing Court toward the Westerners    PART 2: RECOGNITION OF CHINA'S NEED TO KNOW THE WEST, 1839-1860    3. Commissioner Lin's Program for Meeting British Aggression    Doc. 1. Lin Tse-hsu's Moral Advice to Queen Victoria, 1839   Doc. 2. A Letter of Lin Tse-hsu Recognizing Western Military Superiority, 1842   Doc. 3. Wei Yuan's Statement of a Policy for Maritime Defense, 1842   Doc. 4. Cantonese Denunciation of the British, 1841    4. The Policy of Conciliation    Doc. 5. Ch'i-ying's Method for Handling the Barbarians, 1844   Doc. 6. Hsu Chi-yu's Acceptance of Western Geography, 1848    5. The Emergence of the Theory of Self-Strengthening    Prince Kung and the Tsungli Yamen   Doc. 7. The New Foreign Policy of January 1861    Feng Kuei-fen and his Essays   Doc. 8. On the Adoption of Western Knowledge   Doc. 9. On the Manufacture of Foreign Weapons   Doc. 10. On the Better Control of the Barbarians   The Taiping Rebels' Interest in Modernization   Doc. 11. Hung Jen-kan's Proposals, 1859    PART 3: THE DESIRE FOR WESTERN TECHNOLOGY, 1861-1870    6. Tseng Kuo-fan's Attitude toward Westerners and their Machinery    Doc. 12. Excerpts from Tseng's Letters, 1862   Doc. 13. Founding the Shanghai Arsenal   Doc. 14. Tseng's Views on Treaty Revision, 1867    7. Li Hung-chang and the Use of Western Arms    Doc. 15.\tLi's Letter to Tseng Kuo-fan on the Ever-Victorious Army, February 1863   Doc. 16.\tLi's Recommendation of Western Military Methods, June 1863 ,br\u0026gt; Doc. 17.\tThe Tsungli Yamen Memorial of June 1863 on China's Defensive Strategy    8. Institutions for Linguistic and Scientific Studies (The T'ung-wen Kuan)    Doc. 18. Li i-Hung-chang's Support of Western Studies, 1863   Doc. 19. Wo-jen's Objection to Western Learning, 1867   Doc. 20. The Tsungli Yamen's Rebuttal, 1867    9. Tso Tsung-t'ang and the Faochow Shipyard    Doc. 21. Tso's Plans of 1866    PART 4: EFFORTS AT SELF-STRENGTHENING, 1871-1896    10. The Problem of Leadership: Personalities and Institutions    Li Hung-chang and his Subordinates   The Empress Dowager's Influence ,br\u0026gt; Doc. 22. Wen-hsiang's Warning of Disaster, 1874    11. Training Students Abroad    The Educational Mission to the United States   Doc. 23. The Proposal of Tseng and Li in 1871   Doc. 24.\tLetters of Li Hung-chang concerning the End of the Mission, 1880-1881   Students in Europe   Doc. 25. Ma Chien-chung's Report on his Studies in France, 1877    12. Diplomatic Missions Abroad    Doc. 26. Prince Kong's Discovery of International Law, 1864   Doc. 27. A Letter of Kuo Sung-tao from London, 1877   Doc. 28.\tTseng Chi-tse's Account of his Audience with the Empress Dowager, 1878    13. Problems of the Industrialization Effort    Doe. 29. Li Hung-chang's Defense of Building Steamships, 1872   The Principle of \"Government-supervision and Merchant-operation\"   Doc. 30. The Criticisms of Cheng Kuan-ying, c. 1892   The Debate over Railroads   Doc. 31.\tShen Pao-chen's Purchase of the Shanghai-Wusung Railway, 1876   Doc. 32. Hsueh Fu-ch'eng's Support of Railroad Building, 1878    14. The Attempt at a Positive Foreign Policy    Doc. 33. Kuo Sung-tao on the Futility of a War Policy, 1884   Building a Modern Navy   Doc. 34. Chang P'ei-lun's Proposal of 1884   The Failure at Self-Strengthening   Doc. 35. Li Hung-chang's Conversation with ItO Hirobumi, 1895   The Alliance with Russia   Doc. 36. Liu K'un-i's Secret Proposal, July 1895   Doc. 37. Chang Chih-tung's Memorial of August 1895   Doc. 38. Text of the Sino-Russian Secret Treaty of 1896    PART 5: THE REFORM MOVEMENT THROUGH 1900    15. Promoters of Institutional Change    The Missionary Influence   Early Chinese Advocates of Reform   Doc. 39. Writings of Wang T'ao   Doc. 40. Essays of Hsueh Fu-ch'eng    16. K'ang Yu-wei and Some of his Associates    Doc. 41. K'ang Yu-wei's Statement for the \"Society for the  Study of   Self-strengthening,\" 1895   Doc. 42. Liang Ch'i-ch'ao on Reform, 1896   Doc. 43. T'an Ssu-t'ung on the Need for Complete  Westernization   Doc. 44. Wang K'ang-nien on Democracy    17. The Reform Program of Chang Chih-tung    Doc. 45. Selections from Chang's \"Exhortation to Study,\" 1898    18. The Failure of 1898    The Court and the Emperor   Doc. 46. K'ang Yu-wei's Conversation with the Emperor, June 1898   Doc. 47. ItO's Conversation with the Emperor, September 1898   The Conservative Opposition    19. The Boxer Uprising    Doc. 48. Proclamations of the Boxers   Doc. 49. Memorials of Anti-Boxer Martyrs, 1900    PART 6. REFORM AND REVOLUTION, 1901-1912    20. The Conservative Reform Movement    The Post-Borer Program   Doc. 50. The Joint Proposals of Liu K'un-i and Chang Chih-tung, 1901   Educational Reform   Doc. 51. A Memorial of Chang Chih-tung and Yuan Shih-k'ai Urging Abolition of the Old Examinations, 1903   Constitutionalisin   Doc. 52. A Report on Constitutional Governments Abroad, 1906   Yuan Shih-k'ai and the Modern Army    21. Economic Development    Doc. 53.\tSheng 1-Hsuan-huai's Argument for 1896   Doc. 54. Economic Views of Chang Chien    22. Liang Ch'i-ch'ao and Nationalism    Doc, 55. \"The Renovation of the People\" by Liang Ch'ich'ao, 1902    23. Sun Yat-sen's Early Revolutionary Program    Doc. 56. The Manifesto of the T'ung-meng.hui, 1905    PART 7: IDEOLOGICAL FERMENT AND THE MAY FOURTH MOVEMENT, 1912-1923    24. The Search for New Principles    The Variety of the New Thought   Ts'ai Yuan-p'ei and Freedom in Education   Doc. 57. Ts'ai Yuan-p'ei's Views on the Aims of Education, 1912   Doc. 58. Ts'ai Yuan-p'ei's Policy for Peking University, 1919    25. Early Converts to Marxism    Doc. 59. Ch'en Tu-hsiu's \"Call to Youth,\" 1915   Doc. 60.\tLi Ta-chao, \"The Victory of Bolshevism,\" November 15, 1918   Doc. 61.\tCh'en Tu-hsiu's Argument for Historical Materialism, 1923    26. Hu Shih and Pragmatism in China    Doc. 62. Hu Shih, \"The Significance of the New Thought,\" 1919   Doc. 63. Hu Shih, \"On the Literary Revolution,\" 1922    27. Sun Yat-sen's Reorientation of the Revolution    Doc. 64. Sun Yat-sen's Theory of Knowledge and Action, 1919   Doc. 65. Sun Yat-sen's Adoption of the Russian Party System, 1923    28. Liang Ch'i-ch'ao's Review of China's Progress, 1873-1922    Postface. A Further Approach to the Problem   Index","brand":"Harvard University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49403558920535,"sku":"9780674120259","price":31.41,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780674120259.jpg?v=1730483826","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/chinas-response-to-the-west-9780674120259","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}