{"product_id":"caves-9781119455578","title":"Caves","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePeople have been interested in caves for a very long time. Our distant ancestors used them for shelter, as sources of water, and as places in which to conduct essential rituals. They adorned their walls with quite sophisticated artwork depicting both their existential and spiritual concerns. Caves feature in our mythology, they are used as places of worship in many cultures, and they are used throughout the world as places in which to store prized foodstuffs and wine. For at least two hundred years they have attracted scientists, artists, photographers, and recreational cavers. This book aims examines how caves form, the light they shed on past environments and climates, and the values, both environmental and cultural, that they provide to humanity.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis second edition of \u003ci\u003eCaves: Processes, Development,?and Management\u003c\/i\u003e?is a welcome revision of the author''s earlier treatment released over twenty years ago. It has been updated, significantly expanded, and largely rewritte\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface and Acknowledgements xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Some Basic Propositions 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Now the Details… 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Caves and Karst 6\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 What Is a Cave? 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 What Is Karst? 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Caves as Systems 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Where Are the Deepest and Longest Caves? 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Cave Hydrology 18\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Basic Concepts in Karst Drainage Systems 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Porosity and Permeability 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Defining the Catchment of a Cave 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Analysis of Karst Drainage Systems 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Structure and Function of Karst Drainage Systems 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Karst Hydrology of the Mammoth Cave Plateau, Kentucky 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Processes of Rock Dissolution 55\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Karst Rocks 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Processes of Dissolution of Karst Rocks 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Hydrothermal Solution of Limestone 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Solution of Evaporites 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Solution of Silicates in MeteoricWaters 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Caves in Quaternary Limestone in Southern Australia 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Speleogenesis 86\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Classifying Cave Systems 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Controls of Rock Structure on Cave Development 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Meteoric Speleogenesis, Unconfined and Confined 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Hypogene Speleogenesis 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Flank Margin Speleogenesis 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Caves Formed in Gypsum 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Lava Tubes, Weathering Caves, and Pseudokarst 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Life History and Antiquity of Caves 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Geological Control and theWorld’s Longest Cave 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Cave Interior Deposits 138\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Carbonates 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Controls over Carbonate Mineralogy 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Other Cave Deposits Formed by Carbonate Minerals 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Growth Rates of Speleothems 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Important Non-carbonate Minerals 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Ice in Caves 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Other Minerals 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Cave Deposits of the Nullarbor Plain, Australia 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Cave Sediments 171\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Clastic Sediment Types 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Processes of Sedimentation 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Sediment Transport and Particle Size 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Diagenesis of Cave Sediments 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Stratigraphy and its Interpretation 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Provenance Studies 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Cave Sediments and Environmental History at Zhoukoudian, China 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Dating Cave Deposits 198\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 The Importance of Dating Cave Deposits 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Dating Techniques and the Quaternary Timescale 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Palaeomagnetism 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Uranium Series; Uranium-Thorium, Uranium-Lead 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Radiocarbon 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Other Dating Methods: Cosmogenic Radionuclides, and Tephrochronology 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Timing Glacial and Interglacial Events in New Zealand 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Cave Deposits and Past Climates 225\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Oxygen Isotope Analysis 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 The Last Glacial-Interglacial Temperature Record 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Carbon Isotopes and Environmental Changes 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Cyclone History in the Indo-Pacific Region 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Other Proxy Records (Trace Elements, Annual Laminae, Pollen, Lipid iomarkers) 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 The Long Environmental History of the Nullarbor Plain, Australia 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Some Speculations on the Future 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Cave Ecology 248\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Classification of Cave Life and its Function 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Adaptations and Modifications to Life in Darkness 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Life Zones within Caves 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 The Cave as a Habitat 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Energy Flows in Cave Ecosystems 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Cave Microbiology 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Origin and Dispersal of Cave-Dwelling Animals 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 Threats to Cave Fauna 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10 Conservation of Biological Diversity in Caves 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11 Caves and Ecosystem Services 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.12 White Nose Syndrome 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.13 Unravelling the Secrets of the Carrai Bat Cave 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Cave Archaeology 292\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Prehistoric Uses of Caves 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Cave Faunas and Hominids 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Cave Art in Context 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Depositional Environments in Caves 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Cave Deposits and Biological Conservation 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Taphonomy of Cave Deposits 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8 Archaeology of Liang Bua Cave, Flores (the Hobbit Cave) 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Historic Uses of Caves 318\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Caves as Shelter 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Caves as Sacred Spaces 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Caves as Sources of Raw Materials 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Cave Tourism 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Cave Dwellings in Turkey 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Cave Management 342\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction -- Caves as Contested Spaces 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Interpretation and Guide Training 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Cave Lighting 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Some Engineering Issues in Caves 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Impacts of Visitors and Infrastructure on Show Caves 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Radon Risk in Caves 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Cave Cleaning and its Impacts 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Impacts of Recreational Caving on Caves 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Cave Rescue 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.10 Cave Inventories and Alternative Management Concepts 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.11 Rehabilitation and Restoration of Caves 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12 Cave Classification and Management 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.13 Policy Approaches to Cave and Karst Protection 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.14 Management of the Gunung MuluWorld Heritage Area, Sarawak, Malaysia 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Catchment Management in Karst 393\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Basic Concepts in Karst Management 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Defining Karst Catchments 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Vegetation and Caves 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Accelerated Soil Loss in Karst 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Agricultural Impacts 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Fire Management in Karst 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Conservation Issues in Karst 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9 Assessing Vulnerability in Karst Management 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.10 Understanding Disputes Over Cave and Karst Resources 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.11 The IUCN Guidelines for Cave and Karst Protection 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Documentation of Caves 432\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Geoheritage Assessment 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Cave Mapping 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Cave Photography 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 3D Scanning of Caves 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Drones 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 MappingWorld Heritage Caves in Gunung Mulu National Park, Malaysia 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlossary of Cave and Karst Terminology 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 475\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley and Sons Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default 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