{"product_id":"between-bombs-and-good-intentions-the-international-committee-of-the-red-cross-icrc-and-the-italo-ethiopian-war-1935-1936-9781845450359","title":"Between Bombs and Good Intentions: The","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e \tThe wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have highlighted again the precarious situation aid agencies find themselves in, caught as they are between the firing lines of the hostile parties, as they are trying to alleviate the plight of the civilian populations. This book offers an illuminating case study from a previous conflict, the Italo-Ethiopian war of 1935-36, and of the humanitarian operation of the Red Cross during this period. Based on fresh material from Red Cross and Italian military archives, the author examines highly controversial subjects such as the Italian bombings of Red Cross field hospitals, the treatment of Prisoners of War by the two belligerents; and the effects of Fascist Italy’s massive use of poison gas against the Ethiopians. He shows how Mussolini and his ruthless regime, throughout the seven-month war, manipulated the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) – the lead organization of the Red Cross in times of war, helped by the surprising political naïveté of its board. During this war the ICRC redefined its role in a debate, which is fascinating not least because of its relevance to current events, about the nature of humanitarian action. The organization decided to concern itself exclusively with matters falling under the Geneva Conventions and to give priority to bringing relief over expressing protest. It was a decision that should have far-reaching consequences, particularly for the period of World War II and the fate of Jews in Nazi concentration camps.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e \t\u003ci\u003e\"This book, which inaugurates a promising series … is well documented and very clear in its presentation. …a welcome enrichment of Ethiopian studies.\"\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cb\u003e  ·  Aethiopica\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003ci\u003e\"The author is well-equipped to tell this story. A historian by profession, he also has rich experience in humanitarian relief work in the Horn of Africa, including several years of service in the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). The book is rich in documentation, with the author having tapped almost all the pertinent archival material in Italy and Geneva and having interviewed a number of eyewitnesses. Copiously illustrated and with annexes that set the chronological framework, the work highlights the principal characters.\"\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cb\u003e  ·  African Studies Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e \tList of Illustrations\u003cbr\u003e \tList of Tables\u003cbr\u003e \tForeword\u003cbr\u003e \tPreface\u003cbr\u003e \tMap\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cb\u003eIntroduction\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tObjectives and Methodology\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tHistoriography on the Subject\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tSources\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tTransliteration\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cb\u003eChapter 1. Switzerland, the ICRC and the Red Cross Movement at the Time of the Italo-Ethiopian War\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tSwitzerland and the War in East-Africa\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC): Activities, Composition and Organisation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tUn posto al sole for the Italian Red Cross\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tRise and Fall of the Ethiopian Red Cross\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tAmbiguous Relations with the League of Red Cross Societies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cb\u003eChapter 2. An African Solferino: the Emergency Medical Relief Operation in Ethiopia\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tHealth in Ethiopia at the Outbreak of the War\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tMedical Services in the Ethiopian Army\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tEthiopian Efforts to Provide Medical Assistance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe ICRC and the Emergency Medical Relief Operation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tRed Cross Field Hospitals in Ethiopia\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tA Meeting Near Korem, or the Disparity between Needs and Relief\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cb\u003eChapter 3. Red Cross Work Challenged: the Respect of the Emblem\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tEthiopia’s Respect of the Emblem: a Barrage of Accusations, but Little Substance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe Respect of the Emblem by Italy: Red Cross Hospitals under Fire\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tBehind the Smokescreen: a Surprising Discovery\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cb\u003eChapter 4. The Heart of the Matter: Ensuring the Protection of the Emblem\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tConsequences of the Bombings for the Red Cross Units in the Field\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tPrevention is Better than Cure: Notification to Italy of Medical Installations under Red Cross Protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tTransmission of Complaints Regarding Violations of the Geneva Convention\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tFirst Steps in Humanitarian Diplomacy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tEnsuring the Application of the Geneva Convention through an Inquiry\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tProtecting the Interests of War Victims through Humanitarian Diplomacy – a Trip to Rome (24 March–1 April 1936)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\t‘Quella Benedetta Neutralità …’ The White Book on the War – between a Cover-up and a Contribution to Peace\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tRevising the 1929 Convention to Reflect the Experiences of the War\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tSidney Brown, another Casualty of the War\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tHumanitarian Action and Justice\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cb\u003eChapter 5. Prisoners of War: Propaganda Prevails over Reality\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tCharges and Legal Questions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tPrisoners on the Italian Side\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tPrisoners of War on the Ethiopian Side\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe ICRC and the Protection of Prisoners of War\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tWrong Assumptions Lead to Wrong Conclusions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cb\u003eChapter 6. ‘Rain that Kills’: the ICRC and Fascist Italy’s Chemical Warfare\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tChemical Warfare between the First World War and the Italo-Ethiopian War\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tPoison Gas in the Italo-Ethiopian War\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe ICRC and Chemical Warfare until 1935\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tFirst Reports on the Use of Poison Gas: Discovering the Truth\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tExperience in the Field with Poison Gas\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tSilence on Chemical Warfare during the Mission to Rome\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe Defeat of the League of Nations on the Question of Poison Gas\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe League of Nations and the ICRC: Collective Security and Humanitarian Concerns\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe ICRC Response: a Request for Gas Masks\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tBetween the Spirit of 1918 and the Letter of the Law of 1929\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tAn Intervention to the Italian Red Cross: Too Little, Too Late\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe Red Cross Movement Bows to the Inevitable\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cb\u003eSummary and Conclusion\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe Belligerents and International Humanitarian Law\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tHumanitarian Action in Transition\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe ICRC and Its Humanitarian Action\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e \t\tThe ICRC and Fascist Italy ‘We didn’t know the truth’?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e \t\u003cb\u003eAppendices\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eAppendix 1.\u003c\/strong\u003e Chronology of Political and Military Events\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eAppendix 2.\u003c\/strong\u003e Glossary\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eAppendix 3.\u003c\/strong\u003e Members of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in October 1935\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eAppendix 4\u003c\/strong\u003e. Red Cross Field Hospitals on the Ethiopian Side during the Italo-Ethiopian War\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003ea.\u003c\/strong\u003e Field Hospitals under the Ethiopian Red Cross\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eb.\u003c\/strong\u003e Foreign National Red Cross Field Hospitals\u003cbr\u003e \t\u003cstrong\u003eAppendix 5.\u003c\/strong\u003e Bombings of Red Cross Field Hospitals and the Transport Unit during the Italo-Ethiopian War\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \tBibliography\u003cbr\u003e \tIndex\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Berghahn Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51042962145623,"sku":"9781845450359","price":96.3,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781845450359.jpg?v=1750956422","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/between-bombs-and-good-intentions-the-international-committee-of-the-red-cross-icrc-and-the-italo-ethiopian-war-1935-1936-9781845450359","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}