{"product_id":"advanced-signal-integrity-for-highspeed-digital-designs-wiley-ieee-9780470192351","title":"Advanced Signal Integrity for HighSpeed Digital","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eA synergistic approach to signal integrity for high-speed digital design\u003c\/b\u003e  \u003cp\u003eThis book is designed to provide contemporary readers with an understanding of the emerging high-speed signal integrity issues that are creating roadblocks in digital design. Written by the foremost experts on the subject, it leverages concepts and techniques from non-related fields such as applied physics and microwave engineering and applies them to high-speed digital designcreating the optimal combination between theory and practical applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFollowing an introduction to the importance of signal integrity, chapter coverage includes:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eElectromagnetic fundamentals for signal integrity\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTransmission line fundamentals\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCrosstalk\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNon-ideal conductor models, including surface roughness and frequency-dependent inductance\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFrequency-dependent properties of dielectrics\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDifferential signaling\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMathematical requirements of physical channe\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1. Introduction: The Importance of Signal Integrity 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Computing Power: Past and Future 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 The Problem 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 The Basics 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 A New Realm of Bus Design 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Scope of the Book 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Summary 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2. Electromagnetic Fundamentals for Signal Integrity 9\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Maxwell’s Equations 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Common Vector Operators 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Vector 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Dot Product 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Cross Product 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.4 Vector and Scalar Fields 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.5 Flux 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.6 Gradient 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.7 Divergence 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.8 Curl 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Wave Propagation 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Wave Equation 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Relation Between E and H and the Transverse Electromagnetic Mode 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Time-Harmonic Fields 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Propagation of Time-Harmonic Plane Waves 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Electrostatics 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Electrostatic Scalar Potential in Terms of an Electric Field 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Energy in an Electric Field 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Capacitance 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4 Energy Stored in a Capacitor 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Magnetostatics 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Magnetic Vector Potential 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Inductance 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3 Energy in a Magnetic Field 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Power Flow and the Poynting Vector 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.1 Time-Averaged Values 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Reflections of Electromagnetic Waves 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.1 Plane Wave Incident on a Perfect Conductor 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.2 Plane Wave Incident on a Lossless Dielectric 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3. Ideal Transmission-Line Fundamentals 65\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Transmission-Line Structures 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Wave Propagation on Loss-Free Transmission Lines 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Electric and Magnetic Fields on a Transmission Line 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Telegrapher’s Equations 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Equivalent Circuit for the Loss-Free Case 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Wave Equation in Terms of LC 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Transmission-Line Properties 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Transmission-Line Phase Velocity 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Transmission-Line Characteristic Impedance 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Effective Dielectric Permittivity 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 Simple Formulas for Calculating the Characteristic Impedance 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5 Validity of the TEM Approximation 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Transmission-Line Parameters for the Loss-Free Case 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Laplace and Poisson Equations 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Transmission-Line Parameters for a Coaxial Line 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Transmission-Line Parameters for a Microstrip 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.4 Charge Distribution Near a Conductor Edge 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.5 Charge Distribution and Transmission-Line Parameters 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.6 Field Mapping 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Transmission-Line Reflections 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 Transmission-Line Reflection and Transmission Coefficient 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 Launching an Initial Wave 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3 Multiple Reflections 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.4 Lattice Diagrams and Over- or Underdriven Transmission Lines 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.5 Lattice Diagrams for Nonideal Topologies 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.6 Effect of Rise and Fall Times on Reflections 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.7 Reflections from Reactive Loads 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Time-Domain Reflectometry 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.1 Measuring the Characteristic Impedance and Delay of a Transmission Line 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.2 Measuring Inductance and Capacitance of Reactive Structures 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.3 Understanding the TDR Profile 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4. Crosstalk 145\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Mutual Inductance and Capacitance 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.1 Mutual Inductance 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.2 Mutual Capacitance 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.3 Field Solvers 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Coupled Wave Equations 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Wave Equation Revisited 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Coupled Wave Equations 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Coupled Line Analysis 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Impedance and Velocity 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Coupled Noise 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Modal Analysis 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Modal Decomposition 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Modal Impedance and Velocity 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Reconstructing the Signal 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Modal Analysis 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.5 Modal Analysis of Lossy Lines 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Crosstalk Minimization 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Summary 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5. Nonideal Conductor Models 201\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Signals Propagating in Unbounded Conductive Media 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Propagation Constant for Conductive Media 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 Skin Depth 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Classic Conductor Model for Transmission Lines 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Dc Losses in Conductors 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Frequency-Dependent Resistance in Conductors 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Frequency-Dependent Inductance 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Power Loss in a Smooth Conductor 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Surface Roughness 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Hammerstad Model 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Hemispherical Model 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Huray Model 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 Conclusions 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Transmission-Line Parameters for Nonideal Conductors 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Equivalent Circuit Impedance and Propagation Constant 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Telegrapher’s Equations for a Real Conductor and a Perfect Dielectric 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6. Electrical Properties of Dielectrics 249\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Polarization of Dielectrics 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Electronic Polarization 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Orientational (Dipole) Polarization 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3 Ionic (Molecular) Polarization 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.4 Relative Permittivity 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Classification of Dielectric Materials 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Frequency-Dependent Dielectric Behavior 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Dc Dielectric Losses 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Frequency-Dependent Dielectric Model: Single Pole 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Anomalous Dispersion 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Frequency-Dependent Dielectric Model: Multipole 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.5 Infinite-Pole Model 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Properties of a Physical Dielectric Model 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Relationship Between ε_ and ε__ 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Mathematical Limits 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Fiber-Weave Effect 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Physical Structure of an FR4 Dielectric and Dielectric Constant Variation 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Mitigation 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3 Modeling the Fiber-Weave Effect 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Environmental Variation in Dielectric Behavior 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.1 Environmental Effects on Transmission-Line Performance 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.2 Mitigation 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.3 Modeling the Effect of Relative Humidity on an FR4 Dielectric 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Transmission-Line Parameters for Lossy Dielectrics and Realistic Conductors 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.1 Equivalent Circuit Impedance and Propagation Constant 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.2 Telegrapher’s Equations for Realistic Conductors and Lossy Dielectrics 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7. Differential Signaling 297\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Removal of Common-Mode Noise 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Differential Crosstalk 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Virtual Reference Plane 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Propagation of Modal Voltages 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Common Terminology 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Drawbacks of Differential Signaling 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.1 Mode Conversion 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.2 Fiber-Weave Effect 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8. Mathematical Requirements for Physical Channels 315\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Frequency-Domain Effects in Time-Domain Simulations 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Linear and Time Invariance 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Time- and Frequency-Domain Equivalencies 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Frequency Spectrum of a Digital Pulse 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.4 System Response 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.5 Single-Bit (Pulse) Response 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Requirements for a Physical Channel 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Causality 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Passivity 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Stability 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9. Network Analysis for Digital Engineers 347\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 High-Frequency Voltage and Current Waves 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Input Reflection into a Terminated Network 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Input Impedance 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Network Theory 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Impedance Matrix 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Scattering Matrix 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 ABCD Parameters 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4 Cascading S-Parameters 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.5 Calibration and Deembedding 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.6 Changing the Reference Impedance 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.7 Multimode S-Parameters 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Properties of Physical S-Parameters 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Passivity 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Reality 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Causality 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Subjective Examination of S-Parameters 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10. Topics in High-Speed Channel Modeling 417\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Creating a Physical Transmission-Line Model 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1 Tabular Approach 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.2 Generating a Tabular Dielectric Model 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.3 Generating a Tabular Conductor Model 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 NonIdeal Return Paths 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Path of Least Impedance 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Transmission Line Routed Over a Gap in the Reference Plane 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Summary 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Vias 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Via Resonance 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Plane Radiation Losses 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Parallel-Plate Waveguide 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11. I\/O Circuits and Models 443\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 I\/O Design Considerations 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Push–Pull Transmitters 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Operation 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Linear Models 448\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Nonlinear Models 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.4 Advanced Design Considerations 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 CMOS receivers 459\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Operation 459\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Modeling 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Advanced Design Considerations 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 ESD Protection Circuits 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 Operation 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2 Modeling 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.3 Advanced Design Considerations 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 On-Chip Termination 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 Operation 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.2 Modeling 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3 Advanced Design Considerations 464\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Bergeron Diagrams 465\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.1 Theory and Method 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.2 Limitations 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Open-Drain Transmitters 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7.1 Operation 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7.2 Modeling 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7.3 Advanced Design Considerations 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8 Differential Current-Mode Transmitters 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.1 Operation 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.2 Modeling 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.3 Advanced Design Considerations 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9 Low-Swing and Differential Receivers 481\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9.1 Operation 481\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9.2 Modeling 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9.3 Advanced Design Considerations 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.10 IBIS Models 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.10.1 Model Structure and Development Process 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.10.2 Generating Model Data 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.10.3 Differential I\/O Models 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.10.4 Example of an IBIS File 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.11 Summary 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12. Equalization 499\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Analysis and Design Background 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Maximum Data Transfer Capacity 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Linear Time-Invariant Systems 502\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.3 Ideal Versus Practical Interconnects 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.4 Equalization Overview 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Continuous-Time Linear Equalizers 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Passive CTLEs 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Active CTLEs 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Discrete Linear Equalizers 522\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Transmitter Equalization 525\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Coefficient Selection 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Receiver Equalization 535\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.4 Nonidealities in DLEs 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.5 Adaptive Equalization 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Decision Feedback Equalization 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Summary 542\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 546\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13. Modeling and Budgeting of Timing Jitter and Noise 549\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Eye Diagram 550\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Bit Error Rate 552\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Worst-Case Analysis 552\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Bit Error Rate Analysis 555\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Jitter Sources and Budgets 560\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Jitter Types and Sources 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 System Jitter Budgets 568\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Noise Sources and Budgets 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Noise Sources 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2 Noise Budgets 579\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Peak Distortion Analysis Methods 583\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.1 Superposition and the Pulse Response 583\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2 Worst-Case Bit Patterns and Data Eyes 585\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.3 Peak Distortion Analysis Including Crosstalk 594\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.4 Limitations 598\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Summary 599\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 599\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 600\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14. System Analysis Using Response Surface Modeling 605\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Model Design Considerations 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Case Study: 10-Gb\/s Differential PCB Interface 607\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 RSM Construction by Least Squares Fitting 607\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Measures of Fit 615\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 Residuals 615\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 Fit Coefficients 616\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Significance Testing 618\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.1 Model Significance: The F-Test 618\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.2 Parameter Significance: Individual t-Tests 619\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Confidence Intervals 621\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Sensitivity Analysis and Design Optimization 623\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Defect Rate Prediction Using Monte Carlo Simulation 628\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9 Additional RSM Considerations 633\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.10 Summary 633\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 634\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 635\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A: Useful Formulas Identities Units and Constants 637\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix B: Four-Port Conversions Between T- and S-Parameters 641\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix C: Critical Values of the F-Statistic 645\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix D: Critical Values of the T-Statistic 647\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix E: Causal Relationship Between Skin Effect Resistance and Internal Inductance for Rough Conductors 649\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix F: Spice Level 3 Model for 0.25 μm MOSIS Process 653\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 655\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49402303218007,"sku":"9780470192351","price":122.35,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780470192351.jpg?v=1730480001","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/advanced-signal-integrity-for-highspeed-digital-designs-wiley-ieee-9780470192351","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}