{"product_id":"additives-in-polymers-industrial-analysis-and-applications-9780470850626","title":"Additives in Polymers Industrial Analysis and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCovers various analytical methods for the deformulation of polymeric materials, with emphasis on the non polymeric components. This work evaluates each technique on its technical and industrial merits.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"This book tries to cover the whole subject, and I acknowledge that this difficult goal has been…fully achieved.\" (\u003ci\u003ePolymer News\u003c\/i\u003e, September 2005)  \u003cp\u003e\"...provides comprehensive coverage of the current status of the (qualitative and quantitative) analysis techniques for additive determination in commercial polymers...\" (\u003ci\u003eApollit\u003c\/i\u003e, 2005)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"...the author has done a marvellous job in bringing together such a wealth of information in one volume...\" (Polymer International, Vol 54 (10), October 2005)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"\u003c\/i\u003eCoupled with its readability and extensive bibliography, this book will be a valuable reference work for those working in many areas\" \u003ci\u003e(Society of Chemical Industry (SCI) 2006)\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eForeword ix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Author xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 1 Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Additives 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.1 Additive functionality 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Plastics formulations 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Supply forms 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Additive delivery 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Economic impact of polymer additives 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Analysis of plastics 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Regulations and standardisation 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2 Prior art 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3 Databases 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.4 Scope 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.5 Chapter overview 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Bibliography 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 Plastics additives 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.2 Processing technologies 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.3 Instrumental analysis 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.4 Polymer analysis 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.5 Polymer\/additive analysis 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 References 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 2 Deformulation Principles 29\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Polymer identification 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Additive analysis of rubbers: ‘Best Practice’ 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Polymer extract analysis 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 In situ polymer\/additive analysis 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Class-specific polymer\/additive analysis 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Bibliography 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.1 Polymer identification 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.2 Deformulation of rubbers 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.3 Deformulation of polymers 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 References 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 3 Sample Preparation Perspectives 51\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Solvents 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Polymer solubility criteria 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Solubility parameters 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Polymer solutions 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Extraction strategy 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Conventional extraction technologies 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Liquid–liquid extraction 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Liquid–solid extraction 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Classical solvent extractions of additives from polymers 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 Sonication 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 High-pressure solvent extraction methods 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Supercritical fluid technology 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Analytical SFE 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Subcritical water extraction 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.4 Microwave technology 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.5 Microwave-assisted extractions 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.6 Pressurised fluid extraction 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Sorbent extraction 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 Solid-phase extraction 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 Solid-phase microextraction 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3 Stir bar sorptive extraction 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Methodological comparison of extraction methods 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.1 Experimental comparisons 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.2 Extraction selectivity 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.3 ‘Nonextractable’ additive analysis 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Polymer\/additive dissolution methods 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Hydrolysis 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 Bibliography 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9.1 Sampling and sample preparation 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9.2 Solvents\/solubility 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9.3 Extraction methods 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10 References 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 4 Separation Techniques 171\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Analytical detectors 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Gas chromatography 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 High-temperature gas chromatography 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Headspace gas chromatography 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Supercritical fluid chromatography 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Liquid chromatography techniques 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Planar chromatographies 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Column chromatographies 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Capillary electrophoretic techniques 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Bibliography 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 General texts 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.2 Detectors 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.3 Gas chromatography 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.4 Supercritical fluid chromatography 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.5 Thin-layer chromatography 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.6 Liquid chromatography 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.7 Size-exclusion chromatography 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.8 Ion chromatography 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.9 Capillary electrophoretic techniques 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 References 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 5 Polymer\/Additive Analysis: The Spectroscopic Alternative 299\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Ultraviolet\/visible spectrophotometry 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Infrared spectroscopy 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Luminescence spectroscopy 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Multidimensional NMR spectroscopy 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Bibliography 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 General spectroscopy 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 Ultraviolet\/visible spectrophotometry 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.3 Infrared spectroscopy 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.4 Luminescence spectroscopy 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.5 Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 References 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 6 Organic Mass-Spectrometric Methods 349\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Basic instrumentation 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Inlet systems 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Modes of detection 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3 Mass resolution 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.4 Isotope distributions 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.5 Accurate mass measurements 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Ion sources 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Electron impact ionisation 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Chemical ionisation 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Metastable atom bombardment 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Fast atom bombardment 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.5 Field ionisation 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.6 Field desorption 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.7 Thermospray ionisation 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.8 Atmospheric pressure ionization techniques 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.9 Desorption\/ionisation methods 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.10 Photoionisation techniques 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Mass analysers 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Sector analysers 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Quadrupole mass spectrometers 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Time-of-flight mass spectrometry 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Quadrupole ion trap 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.5 Fourier-transform ion-cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.6 Tandem mass spectrometry 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Direct mass-spectrometric polymer compound analysis 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Ion mobility spectrometry 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Bibliography 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.1 Mass spectrometry (General) 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.2 Mass spectrometers 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.3 Ionisation modes 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 References 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 7 Multihyphenation and Multidimensionality in Polymer\/Additive Analysis 425\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Precolumn hyphenation 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Chromatographic sampling methods 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Coupled sample preparation – spectroscopy\/spectrometry 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Postcolumn hyphenation 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 (Multi) hyphenated GC techniques 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 (Multi) hyphenated SFC techniques 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 (Multi) hyphenated HPLC techniques 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.4 Hyphenated SEC techniques 527\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.5 Hyphenated TLC techniques 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.6 Hyphenated CE techniques 543\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Multidimensional chromatography 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Multidimensional gas chromatography 548\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Multidimensional supercritical fluid chromatography 550\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Multidimensional liquid chromatography 550\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Multidimensional thin-layer chromatography 558\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Multidimensional spectroscopy 560\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Bibliography 562\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.1 General 562\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.2 Multihyphenation and multidimensionality 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.3 Precolumn hyphenation 563\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e7.6.4 Postcolumn hyphenation 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.5 Multidimensional chromatography 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.6 Multidimensional spectroscopy 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 References 564\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 8 Inorganic and Element Analytical Methods 585\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Element analytical protocols 587\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Element analytical pretreatment protocols 588\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Elemental analysis methods 589\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Sample destruction for classical elemental analysis 591\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Combustion analysis 593\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Wet matrix digestion 597\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Fusion methods 604\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Analytical atomic spectrometry 605\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Atomic absorption spectrometry 608\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Atomic emission spectrometry 613\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Atomic fluorescence spectrometry 624\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 Direct spectrometric analysis of solid samples 625\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 X-ray spectrometry 627\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 X-ray fluorescence spectrometry 628\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Particle-induced X-ray emission spectrometry 639\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.3 X-ray absorption spectrometry 642\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.4 X-ray diffraction 644\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Inorganic mass spectrometry 648\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Spark-source mass spectrometry 650\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Glow-discharge mass spectrometry 651\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.3 Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry 652\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.4 Isotope dilution mass spectrometry 659\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Radioanalytical and nuclear analytical methods 662\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.1 Activation analysis 663\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Electroanalytical techniques 666\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.1 Potentiometric methods 668\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.2 Voltammetric methods 669\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.3 Coulometric methods 673\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Solid-state speciation analysis 674\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 Bibliography 677\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.1 Sampling and sample preparation 677\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.2 Atomic spectrometry 677\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.3 X-ray spectrometry 678\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.4 Inorganic mass spectrometry 678\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.5 Nuclear analytical methods 679\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.6 Trace-element analysis 679\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.7 Electroanalysis 679\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.8 Speciation analysis 679\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10 References 679\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 9 Direct Methods of Deformulation of Polymer\/Additive Dissolutions 691\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Chromatographic methods 692\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Size-exclusion chromatography 693\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Spectroscopic techniques 696\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 696\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Mass-spectrometric methods 701\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 MALDI-MS analysis of polymer\/additive dissolutions 702\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 References 709\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 10 A Vision for the Future 711\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Trends in polymer technology 712\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Trends in additive technology 715\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Advances in additives 717\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Environmental, legislative and regulatory constraints 723\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Trends in manufacturing, processing and formulation 724\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Analytical consequences 725\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 General analytical tool development 728\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Future trends in polymer\/additive analysis 729\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Analytical challenges 739\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.4 Polymer\/additive analysis at the extremes 740\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.5 Advanced polymer\/additive deformulation schemes 743\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Epilogue 746\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Bibliography 747\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 References 747\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix I List of Symbols 751\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix II Functionality of Common Additives Used in Commercial Thermoplastics, Rubbers and Thermosetting Resin 773\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix III Specimen Polymer Additives Product Sheets 793\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 803\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49402441662807,"sku":"9780470850626","price":373.46,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780470850626.jpg?v=1730480407","url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/additives-in-polymers-industrial-analysis-and-applications-9780470850626","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}