{"product_id":"a-tale-of-three-thirsty-cities-the-innovative-water-supply-systems-of-toledo-london-and-paris-in-the-second-half-of-the-sixteenth-century-9789004312401","title":"A Tale of Three Thirsty Cities: The Innovative Water Supply Systems of Toledo, London and Paris in the Second Half of the Sixteenth Century","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn A Tale of Three Thirsty Cities: The Innovative Water Supply Systems of Toledo, London and Paris in the Second Half of the Sixteenth Century, Chaim Shulman presents an analysis of three projects of urban water supply systems carried out between 1560s–1610s. The technical and economic differences between these projects resulted from external conditions not directly related to the water supply problem. Although the same basic technology was apparently available at the time in all cases, the geographical, engineering, entrepreneurial and cultural nature of each region differed. The inhabitants’ wellbeing improvement achieved varied accordingly. Much broader insights are drawn on the policies of the three monarchies regarding the initiative of and support for grand scale public works in general.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"One of the strengths of Shulman’s study is his meticulous reconstruction of how these engines worked, who funded them, how they functioned over time and their impact, if any, on the development of water-supply technology in general. For this purpose, in an exemplary manner the author combines written, printed, and beautifully reproduced pictorial sources.\" - Karel Davids, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, in: Technology and Culture, July 2020, Vol.  61, pp. 953-955  \"[...] readers may enjoy the technical discussions of these machines’ creation and functioning, the tracing of their intellectual roots, and the financial and political intricacies that both promoted and undermined their accomplishments.\" - G. Geltner, University of Amsterdam, ​​​​​​​in: Renaissance Quarterly LXXI I , No. 4: 1471-1472 [DOI: 10.1017\/rqx.2019.415]\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAbbreviations, Date Conventions and Notes  List of Figures Included in the Text    Introduction   The Subject of Our Research   Mechanical’ Engineers and Know-How Migration    1 Human Water Consumption in England, France and Spain in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries    2 Water-lifting Technology in the Graeco-Roman World and Its Development through the Renaissance   The Invention of Water-lifting Devices   The Use of Water-lifting Devices in the Roman Era   Islamic Technological Influence   The Diffusion of the Waterwheel in Europe   The Improvement of Water Lifting Technology in Europe, Evolution or Quantum Leaps?   Basic Water Raising Technologies   Direct Water-lifting with Compartmented Waterwheels   Archimedean Screws   Ctesibius’ Double-Acting Force Pumps   Theatres of Machines   Complex Water Lifting Configurations Relevant to the Present Study   Water-Raising Machines at Atmospheric Pressure   Transmission of Power through Distances   Waterwheels Sensitivity to Variations in the Level of the River Flow   Piping Networks   The Diffusion of False Know-How   The Italian Strategy—Gravity Based Solutions    3 Toledo   Spain and Toledo in the 1560s   Early Attempts to Supply Water to Toledo   Water Supply to Toledo in the Sixteenth Century   Juanelo Turriano   The Artificio   Iconographic Representations and Exact Location of the Artificio Building   The Artificio’s Technology—The Operational Principle   Escosura y Beck—The Inclined Plane Theory   The Vertical Solution, Proposed by Ladislao Reti   Juan Luis Peces Ventas’ Improvement of the Inclined Plane Theory   Nicolás García Tapia’s Proposition   Francesc Xavier Jufre García’s Concept: Operating Valturio Scales   Unanswered Technical Questions   Technical Conclusions   The Artificio, as Seen by Contemporary Writers   The Ingenio of Juan Fernández del Castillo   Land Reclamation and Sewerage in Spain   The Spanish Attitude Towards Science and Technology during the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries    4 London   Tudor London in the 1580s   Early Attempts to Provide the City with a Water Supply System   The Elizabethan Patent System   Peter Morris   The London Bridge Waterworks in Contemporary Sources   Technical Operation   Supporting Evidence for Bate’s Interpretation of Morris’ Operational Principle   The External Appearance of the London Waterworks   The Consequences of the Installation of Waterwheels on the London Bridge   The Later Development of the London Bridge Waterworks   Other Initiatives   The New River   Competition between the Different Water Suppliers   Land Reclamation and Sewerage in England    5 Paris   Government and Municipal Authorities—Paris Administration and Development in the Late Sixteenth and Early Seventeenth Centuries   History of Former Water Supply Undertakings   La Samaritaine   The Operational Principle of La Samaritaine   Description of the Original Samaritaine Building in Contemporary Travelogues   Depictions of the Original Building of La Samaritaine in Maps and Views of Paris   The Samaritaine Building after its Renovation in 1714   Additional Initiatives to Solve the Water Problem in the Seventeenth Century   Pumps at Pont Notre Dame   The Machine at Marly   Land Reclamation and Sewerage in France    6 Conclusions    Sources and Bibliography   Sources   Studies   Websites   Online Sources for Retrieved Images","brand":"Brill","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53210682818903,"sku":"9789004312401","price":139.2,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/products\/a-tale-of-three-thirsty-cities-the-innovative-water-supply-systems-of-toledo-london-and-paris-in-the-second-half-of-the-sixteenth-century-9789004312401","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}