{"title":"Philosophy: epistemology and theory of knowledge Books","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"a-guide-for-the-perplexed-9780099480211","title":"A Guide For the Perplexed","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eA Guide for the Perplexed\u003c\/i\u003e is E. F. Schumacher''s classic work of philosophy and a statement of the philosophies that underpin his economic masterpiece \u003ci\u003eSmall is Beautiful\u003c\/i\u003e. Schumacher asserts that it is the task of philosophy to provide a map of life and knowledge, which exhibits the most important features of life in their proper prominence.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA condensation of a vast and refreshingly unorthodox system of ideas -- Arthur Koestler * Observer *\u003cbr\u003eSchumacher's arguments are invigorating, provoking, and often dramatic * New Statesman *\u003cbr\u003eThe most exciting philosophical book for ages * Daily Mail *\u003cbr\u003eThere is a rich store of wisdom and understanding, embedded in the religions of East and West, which our dangerous preoccupation with science has scanted and ignored... This book is about the different ways in which people may see and the blindness of only seeing in one particular way. * Sunday Telegraph *","brand":"Vintage Publishing","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732243165527,"sku":"9780099480211","price":9.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780099480211.jpg?v=1719996112"},{"product_id":"the-hemlock-cup-9780099554059","title":"The Hemlock Cup","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eWe think the way we do because Socrates thought the way he did. His aphorism ''The unexamined life is not worth living'' may have originated twenty-five centuries ago, but it is a founding principle of modern life. For seventy years Socrates was a vigorous citizen of Golden Age Athens, philosophising in the squares and public arenas rather than in the courts of kings, before his beloved city turned on him, condemning him to death by poison.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSocrates lived in and contributed to a city that nurtured key ingredients of contemporary civilisation - democracy, liberty, science, drama, rational thought - yet, as he wrote almost nothing down, he himself is an enigmatic figure.  In \u003ci\u003eThe Hemlock Cup\u003c\/i\u003e, acclaimed historian Bettany Hughes gives Socrates the biography he deserves, painstakingly piecing together Socrates'' life and using fresh evidence to get closer to the man who asked ''how should we live?'' - a question as relevant now as it has ever been.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHughes cleverly extracts the man from the dramatic scene-setting... This intelligent, bright-eyed vigorous book [has] a life as vibrant and provocative as that lived by its subject * The Times *\u003cbr\u003eIn \u003ci\u003eThe Hemlock Cup\u003c\/i\u003e Bettany Hughes does a very good job of recreating the material world in which  Socrates lived...she is up to date on recent archaeological discoveries... She writes frankly of the nastiness of the world in which Socrates grew up and lived -- Mary Beard * Sunday Times *\u003cbr\u003eNo physical aspect of life as experienced by an Athenian man is left out...Hughes's expert attempts to make him flesh and blood, to fill in the gaps...teach us about the value of the real as well as the philosophical -- Lesley McDowell * Scotsman *\u003cbr\u003eTerrific and passionate writing about a philosopher whose heroism is unquestionable (though that heroism resides in a constant questioning); and as lively and learned an introduction to classical Athens as you could want -- Tom Payne * Daily Telegraph *\u003cbr\u003eHughes's prose is the literary equivalent of CGI, re-creating for the reader a sense of the clamour and dazzle of the classical city that has rarely been bettered * Observer *","brand":"Vintage Publishing","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732291891543,"sku":"9780099554059","price":15.29,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780099554059.jpg?v=1719996292"},{"product_id":"the-social-construction-of-reality-9780140135480","title":"The Social Construction of Reality","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eA general and systematic account of the role of knowledge in society aimed to stimulate both critical discussion and empirical investigations.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book is concerned with the sociology of everything that passes for knowledge in society'. It focuses particularly on that common-sense knowledge' which constitutes the reality of everyday life for the ordinary member of society.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe authors are concerned to present an analysis of knowledge in everyday life in the context of a theory of society as a dialectical process between objective and subjective reality. Their development of a theory of institutions, legitimations and socializations has implications beyond the discipline of sociology, and their humanistic' approach has considerable relevance for other social scientists, historians, philosophers and anthropologists.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Penguin Books Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732345598295,"sku":"9780140135480","price":10.44,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780140135480.jpg?v=1719996502"},{"product_id":"the-fabric-of-reality-9780140146905","title":"The Fabric of Reality","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAn extraordinary and challenging synthesis of ideas uniting Quantum Theory, and the theories of Computation, Knowledge and Evolution, Deutsch''s extraordinary book explores the deep connections between these strands which reveal the fabric of realityin which human actions and ideas play essential roles.","brand":"Penguin Books Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732346548567,"sku":"9780140146905","price":10.44,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780140146905.jpg?v=1719996504"},{"product_id":"the-construction-of-social-reality-9780140235906","title":"The Construction of Social Reality","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis short treatise looks at how we construct a social reality from our sense impressions; at how, for example, we construct a five-pound note with all that implies in terms of value and social meaning, from the printed piece of paper we see and touch.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe building blocks of social reality; creating institutional facts; language and social reality; the general theory of institutional facts part I - iteration, interaction, and logical structure; the general theory of institutional facts part II - creation, maintenance, and the hierarchy; background abilities and the explanation of social phenomena; does the real world exist? part I - attacks on realism; does the real world exist? part II - could there be a proof of external realism?; truth and correspondence.","brand":"Penguin Books Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732349989207,"sku":"9780140235906","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"a-treatise-of-human-nature-9780140432442","title":"A Treatise of Human Nature","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA key to modern studies of 18th century Western philosophy, the Treatise considers numerous classic philosophical issues, including causation, existence, freedom and necessity and morality. This is abridged edition has an introduction which explains Hume's thought and places it in the context of its times.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA Treatise of Human Nature       Introduction\u003cbr\u003eSuggestions for Further Reading\u003cbr\u003eA Note on the Text\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eA TREATISE OF HUMAN NATURE\u003cbr\u003eAdvertisement\u003cbr\u003eThe Contents\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction\u003cbr\u003eBook I: Of the Understanding\u003cbr\u003eBook II: Of the Passions\u003cbr\u003eBook III: Of Morals\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Penguin Books Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732364669271,"sku":"9780140432442","price":13.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780140432442.jpg?v=1719996568"},{"product_id":"an-essay-concerning-human-understanding-9780140434828","title":"An Essay Concerning Human Understanding","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn his essay, Locke rejects all appeals to authority and the theory of innate knowledge, arguing that knowledge derives from sense, perceptions and experience, as analysed and developed by reason.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction\u003cbr\u003eFurther Reading\u003cbr\u003eBibliographical Abbreviations\u003cbr\u003eA Note on the Text\u003cbr\u003eTitle-page of the Fifth Edition\u003cbr\u003eAN ESSAY CONCERNING HUMAN UNDERSTANDING\u003cbr\u003eThe Epistle Dedicatory\u003cbr\u003eThe Epistle to the Reader\u003cbr\u003eThe Contents\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eBook I: Of Innate Notions\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eI Introduction\u003cbr\u003eII No Innate Principles in the Mind\u003cbr\u003eIII No Innate Practical Principles\u003cbr\u003eIV Other Considerations concerning Innate Principles, both Speculative and Practical\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eBook II: Of Innate Notions\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eI Of Ideas in General, and their Original\u003cbr\u003eII Of Simple Ideas\u003cbr\u003eIII Of Ideas of One Sense\u003cbr\u003eIV Of Solidity\u003cbr\u003eV Of Simple Ideas of Divers Senses\u003cbr\u003eVI Of Simple Ideas of Reflection\u003cbr\u003eVII Of Simple Ideas of both Sensation and Reflection\u003cbr\u003eVIII Some further Considerations concerning our Simple Ideas\u003cbr\u003eIX Of Perception\u003cbr\u003eX Of Retention\u003cbr\u003eXI Of Discerning, and other Operations of the Mind\u003cbr\u003eXII Of Complex Ideas\u003cbr\u003eXIII Of Simple Modes; 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As Simon Blackburn says in his introduction, the ground is complicated, strewn with abandoned fortresses and trenches, fought over by shifting alliances.  \u003ci\u003eTruth \u003c\/i\u003eis an essential sure-footed guide through the territory, from classical to modern times. It looks at relativism and absolutism, toleration and belief, objectivity and knowledge, science and pseudo-science, and the moral and political implications, as well as the nuances, of all these.","brand":"Penguin Books Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732388688215,"sku":"9780141014258","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"the-immortalization-commission-9780141041889","title":"The Immortalization Commission","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eJohn Gray is most recently the acclaimed author of \u003ci\u003eBlack Mass: Apocalyptic Religion and the Death of Utopia\u003c\/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eStraw Dogs: Thoughts on Humans and Other Animals\u003c\/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eAl Qaeda\u003c\/i\u003e \u003ci\u003eand What It Means to be Modern\u003c\/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eHeresies: Against Progress and Other Illusions\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eFalse Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism\u003c\/i\u003e. Having been Professor of Politics at Oxford, Visiting Professor at Harvard and Yale and Professor of European Thought at the London School of Economics, he now writes full time. His books and articles have been translated into over thirty languages. His selected writings, \u003ci\u003eGray's Anatomy\u003c\/i\u003e, were published by Penguin in 2009.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe most prescient of British public intellectuals * Financial Times *\u003cbr\u003eGray has consistently anticipated the shape of things to come ... he teaches us that true humanism is to be found in uncertainty and doubt -- Will Self\u003cbr\u003eThe closest thing we have to a window-smashing French intellectual -- Andrew Marr\u003cbr\u003eA visionary ... one of the most reliably provocative and heterodox voices in British intellectual life today * New Statesman *\u003cbr\u003eGray is a philosophical maverick, a pricker of bubbles, a deflater of balloons, a true iconoclast for whom our chief competing accounts of existence - the religious and the humanist - are both fatally flawed * Globe and Mail *\u003cbr\u003eDeeply thoughtful, brilliantly narrated -- Raymond Tallis * Literary Review *\u003cbr\u003eA romp of a read ... John Gray is a connoisseur of human idiocy -- John Banville * Guardian *\u003cbr\u003eOur sharpest critic of utopian fantasies skewers the crazed but enduring dream of cheating age, time and death -- Boyd Tonkin * Independent *\u003cbr\u003eJohn Gray, the counter-prophet who scorns all claims that humans can transcend the human condition ... You don't have to agree with Gray to enjoy the fireworks -- Marek Kohn * Independent *\u003cbr\u003eElegant ... He is on to something important regarding the delusion that science consists of indefinite progress * Sunday Telegraph *\u003cbr\u003eGray is an engaging writer, an entertaining historian and a controversialist whose opinions can never be taken for granted * New Statesman *","brand":"Penguin Books Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732407300439,"sku":"9780141041889","price":10.44,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780141041889.jpg?v=1719996744"},{"product_id":"language-truth-and-logic-9780141186047","title":"Language Truth and Logic","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIf you can''t prove something, it is literally senseless - so argues Ayer in this irreverent and electrifying book. Statements are either true by definition (as in maths), or can be verified by direct experience. Ayer rejected metaphysical claims about god, the absolute, and objective values as completely nonsensical. Ayer was only 24 when he finished LANGUAGE, TRUTH \u0026amp; LOGIC, yet it shook the foundations of Anglo-American philosophy and made its author notorious. It became a classic text, cleared away the cobwebs in philosophical thinking, and has been enormously influential.","brand":"Penguin Books Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732423520599,"sku":"9780141186047","price":11.69,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780141186047.jpg?v=1719996816"},{"product_id":"learning-to-look-9780190928216","title":"Learning to Look","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLearning to Look is a wandering journey through the nature of art - and the ways it can transform us, if we let it. Author of Infinite Baseball, Alva Noë, presents a collection of short, stimulating essays that explore how we experience art and what it means to be an observer. Experiencing art - letting it do its work on us - takes thought, attention, and focus. It requires creation, even from the beholder. And it is in this process of confrontation and reorganization that artworks can lead us to remake ourselves.   Ranging far and wide, from Pina Bausch to Robocop, from Bob Dylan to Vermeer, Noë uses encounters with specific artworks to gain entry into a world of fascinating issues - like how philosophy and science are represented in film; what evolutionary biology says about art; or the role of relics, fakes, and copies in our experience of a work. The essays in Learning to Look are short, accessible, and personal. Each one arises out of an art encounter - in a museum, listening to records, or going to a concert. Each essay stands on its own, but taken together, they form an intimate picture of our relationship with art. Carefully articulating the experience of each of these encounters, Noë proposes that, like philosophy, art is a sort of technology for understanding ourselves. 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In this up-to-the-minute treatment, philosopher and cognitive scientist Andy Clark explores new ways of thinking about perception, action, and the embodied mind.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSurfing Uncertainty will be a much discussed and seminal work in the field of the philosophy of cognitive science. * David D. Hutto, Australasian Journal of Philosophy *\u003cbr\u003eA stimulating read for anyone interested in the intersection of neuroscience and philosophy of mind from a scientific perspective. * Library Journal *\u003cbr\u003eA wonderful book...Clark's Surfing Uncertainty will become an essential point of departure for philosophers and cognitive scientists trying to come to grips with the apparatus of predictive processing. * Metascience   *\u003cbr\u003eThis is a truly important book. It is evocatively written and reflects a truly gargantuan amount of work. It sets the stage for future debates not only about the empirical merits of Bayesian characterizations of human cognition, but also the broader philosophical picture in which such Bayesian characterizations are embedded. I predict that many of us will be reading, discussing, and analysing this book in the months and years to come. * British Journal for the Philosophy of Science   *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface: Meat That Predicts Acknowledgements Introduction: Guessing Games   Part I: The Power of Prediction Chapter 1: Prediction Machines  Chapter 2: Adjusting The Volume (Noise, Signal, Attention)  Chapter 3: The Imaginarium  Part II: Embodying Prediction Chapter 4: Prediction for Action Chapter 5: Sculpting the Flow Chapter 6: Engaging the world Chapter 7: Expecting Ourselves  Part III: Scaffolding Prediction Chapter 8: The Lazy Predictive Brain Chapter 9: Being Human Chapter 10: The Future of Prediction  Appendix 1: Bare Bayes Appendix 2: The Free Energy Formulation References Index","brand":"Oxford University Press Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732550070615,"sku":"9780190933210","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"meditations-on-first-philosophy-with-selections-from-the-objections-and-replies-oxford-worlds-classics-9780192806963","title":"Meditations on First Philosophy with Selections","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn Descartes's Meditations, the thinker rejects all his former beliefs in the quest for new certainties. He develops new conceptions of body and mind to create a new science of nature. This new translation includes a wide-ranging, accessible introduction, notes and full selections from the Objections and Replies.","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732590375255,"sku":"9780192806963","price":9.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780192806963.jpg?v=1719997556"},{"product_id":"bias-a-philosophical-study-9780192842954","title":"Bias A Philosophical Study","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBias seems to be everywhere, in the media, in public policy, in our personal interactions. But what is it, exactly, for a person or thing to be biased? Thomas Kelly offers a way of thinking about this question, and argues provocatively that both morality and rationality sometimes require us to be biased.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe philosopher Thomas Kelly has been working in the field of epistemology for many years, and his new book on bias is an impressively careful and cool headed attempt to introduce some order into the conceptual mess. * Jessie Munton, Times Literary Supplement *\u003cbr\u003eAnalytically rigorous yet written clearly and supported by numerous examples that illustrate the big ideas, this book will shape the study of bias for years to come and is an important resource for researchers and professionals alike. * Choice *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction Part I: Conceptual Fundamentals 1: Diversity, Relativity, Etc. 2: Pluralism and Priority Part II: Bias and Norms 3: The Norm-Theoretic Account of Bias 4: The Bias Blind Spot and the Biases of Introspection 5: Biased People 6: Norms of Objectivity 7: Symmetry and Bias Attributions Part III: Knowledge 8: Bias and Knowledge 9: Knowledge, Skepticism, and Reliability 10: Bias Attributions and the Epistemology of Disagreement 11: Main Themes and Conclusions Acknowledgements References","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732592111959,"sku":"9780192842954","price":32.77,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780192842954.jpg?v=1719997563"},{"product_id":"perception-and-idealism-an-essay-on-how-the-world-manifests-itself-to-us-and-how-it-probably-is-in-itself-9780192845566","title":"Perception and Idealism An Essay on How the World","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePerception and Idealism examines how perception makes objects manifest to us, and what the world must be like for objects to be manifest in that way. Howard Robinson argues for a version of sense-datum theory about perception and theistic phenomenalism about metaphysical reality.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRobinson's book is clearly and beautifully written, and argumentatively persuasive ... a refreshing blast of curative air breathed into the dank enclosures of Direct Realism, Disjunctivism and Reductive Representationalism. * David Pitt, California State University, Los Angeles *\u003cbr\u003eRobinson argues for a kind of idealism, providing well-organized, well-documented discussions of both early modern and recent philosophers' views on the nature of perception and its relationship to the world. * Choice *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction Part I: How the World Manifests Itself to Us 1: The Causal Argument for Sense-Data, 'Philosophers' Hallucinations', and the Disjunctive Response 2: Naïve Realism and the Argument from Illusion 3: Intentionality and Perception (I): The Fundamental irrelevance of Intentionality to Phenomenal Consciousness 4: Intentionality and Perception (II): Attempts to Articulate the 'Content' and 'Object' Distinction 5: Singular Reference and its Relation to Intentionality 6: Objectivity: How is It Possible? 7: Semantic Direct Realism, Critical Realism, and the Sense-Datum Theory 8: Building the Manifest World Part II: What the World Is, in Itself 9: The Problematic Nature of the Modern Conception of Matter 10: Two Suggestive Berkeleyan Arguments 11: Bishop Berkeley and John Foster on Problems with Physical Realism about Space 12: Mentalist Alternatives to Berkeleyan Theism, and their Failure General Conclusion","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732593553751,"sku":"9780192845566","price":72.2,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780192845566.jpg?v=1719997571"},{"product_id":"aesthetic-testimony-9780192862952","title":"Aesthetic Testimony","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAesthetic judgements that are formed on the basis of testimony are commonly held to be defective, illegitimate, or otherwise problematic. This book assesses the debate surrounding aesthetic testimony and argues for the surprising conclusion that this widespread view is mistaken. Aesthetic testimony is in no way inferior as a source of judgement when compared to either first-hand aesthetic judgement or testimony concerning non-aesthetic matters. Alongside establishing this position (an extreme form of ''optimism'' concerning aesthetic testimony), Jon Robson also responds to the most prominent arguments for the opposing view (''pessimism'' concerning aesthetic testimony). Along the way, it also re-examines our understanding of the norms which govern both judgement and assertion in aesthetics.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction 1: Optimism and Pessimism 2: Constitutive Pessimism 3: The Presumption of Optimism 4: Pessimism and the Appeal to Cases 5: Optimism and the Appeal to Cases 6: Pessimism, Assertion, and Signalling 7: The Debate Concerning Assertion","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732602892631,"sku":"9780192862952","price":76.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780192862952.jpg?v=1719997605"},{"product_id":"fundamentals-of-bayesian-epistemology-2-arguments-challenges-alternatives-9780192863157","title":"Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology 2 Arguments","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBayesian ideas have recently been applied across such diverse fields as philosophy, statistics, economics, psychology, artificial intelligence, and legal theory. Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology examines epistemologists'' use of Bayesian probability mathematics to represent degrees of belief. Michael G. Titelbaum provides an accessible introduction to the key concepts and principles of the Bayesian formalism, enabling the reader both to follow epistemological debates and to see broader implicationsVolume 1 begins by motivating the use of degrees of belief in epistemology. It then introduces, explains, and applies the five core Bayesian normative rules: Kolmogorov''s three probability axioms, the Ratio Formula for conditional degrees of belief, and Conditionalization for updating attitudes over time. Finally, it discusses further normative rules (such as the Principal Principle, or indifference principles) that have been proposed to supplement or replace the core five.Volume 2 gives arguments for the five core rules introduced in Volume 1, then considers challenges to Bayesian epistemology. It begins by detailing Bayesianism''s successful applications to confirmation and decision theory. Then it describes three types of arguments for Bayesian rules, based on representation theorems, Dutch Books, and accuracy measures. Finally, it takes on objections to the Bayesian approach and alternative formalisms, including the statistical approaches of frequentism and likelihoodism.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMichael G. Titelbaum provides an accessible introduction to the key concepts and principles of the Bayesian formalism, enabling the reader both to follow epistemological debates and to see broader implications * MathSciNet *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIII Applications 6: Confirmation 7: Decision Theory IV Arguments for Bayesianism 8: Representation Theorems 9: Dutch Book Arguments 10: Accuracy Arguments Challenges and Objections 11: Memory Loss and Self-Location 12: Old Evidence, Logical Omniscience 13: Alternatives to Bayesianism 14: Comparisons, Ranges, Dempster-Shafer","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732603023703,"sku":"9780192863157","price":28.02,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780192863157.jpg?v=1719997605"},{"product_id":"two-arguments-for-the-identity-of-indiscernibles-9780192866868","title":"Two Arguments for the Identity of Indiscernibles","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eGonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra presents two arguments for the principle that no two objects can differ only numerically. He shows that the principle cannot be reduced to a triviality, and that restricted versions concerning only qualitative propeties face problems.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe book contains four new arguments about the Identity of Indiscernibles. * MathSciNet  *","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732605415767,"sku":"9780192866868","price":53.2,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780192866868.jpg?v=1719997616"},{"product_id":"the-tinkering-mind-agency-cognition-and-the-extended-mind-9780192894267","title":"The Tinkering Mind Agency Cognition and the","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eEpistemic agency is a crucial concept in many areas of philosophy and cognitive sciences. But what is it? The Tinkering Mind argues that epistemic agency has two distinct, incompatible definitions - intentional mental action, or a distinct non-voluntary form of evaluative agency, both of which lead to surprising, counterintuitive consequences.","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732612297047,"sku":"9780192894267","price":72.2,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780192894267.jpg?v=1719997649"},{"product_id":"a-plea-for-natural-philosophy-9780197508855","title":"A Plea for Natural Philosophy","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA welcome addition to Maddy's project of articulating Second Philosophy. The breadth and depth of her investigations, including forays into the history and philosophy of early modern science and philosophy, questions about the proper direction and methods of philosophy of science, the relation between ordinary language philosophy and the sciences, and extensive interpretation and analysis of questions in philosophy of logic and philosophy of mathematics, inspire awe. Maddy has the curiosity and philosophical acumen that are so fully on display in the Second Philosopher. She embodies an integrated history and philosophy of science that is informed by actual science and extracts its philosophical frameworks from the investigation of real cases. I commend the volume to a broad audience, whose members find themselves curious about the various topics as described. * Gary Hatfield, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *\u003cbr\u003eMaddy's second-philosophical essays over new insight into long-standing questions in the philosophy of science, epistemology, the philosophies of language, logic, mathematics-all with an eye to the methodological themes that connect them. * Mathematical Reviews Clippings *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAcknowledgments Introduction  Method 1.  A plea for natural philosophy 2.  On the question of realism Skepticism 3.  Hume and Reid 4.  Moore's hands 5.  Wittgenstein on hinges  Logic and language 6.  A note on of truth and reference 7.  The philosophy of logic 8.  A second philosophy of logic Mathematics 9.  Psychology and the a priori 10.  Do numbers exist? 11.  Enhanced if-thenism  References","brand":"Oxford University Press Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732641788247,"sku":"9780197508855","price":101.38,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780197508855.jpg?v=1719997769"},{"product_id":"racial-climates-ecological-indifference-an-ecointersectional-analysis-studies-in-feminist-philosophy-series-9780197656617","title":"Racial Climates Ecological Indifference An","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDeveloping an ecointersectional analysis, Tuana (philosophy, women's studies, Pennsylvania State Univ.) has produced an elegant, meticulously crafted, deep, and yet accessible text on how racism is entangled in the environmental justice movement. * Choice *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eChapter 1 - The Interlocking Domains of Racism and Ecological Indifference Chapter 2 - Racial Climates Chapter 3 - Climate Apartheid: The Forgetting of Race  Chapter 4 - Through the Eye of a Hurricane  Chapter 5 - Weathering the Climate Conclusion - Cultivating Anthropocenean Sensibilities   Acknowledgements References Index","brand":"Oxford University Press Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732669346135,"sku":"9780197656617","price":24.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780197656617.jpg?v=1719997877"},{"product_id":"analytic-philosophy-and-human-life-9780197681671","title":"Analytic Philosophy and Human Life","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book collects Thomas Nagel''s recent philosophical reflections on topics of fundamental interest: ethics, moral psychology, science and religion, death, the holocaust, and the metaphysics of mind. Among the figures discussed are Peter Singer, Alvin Plantinga, Christine Korsgaard, Tony Judt, Elizabeth Anscombe, Philippa Foot, Iris Murdoch, T. M. Scanlon, Ronald Dworkin, Samuel Scheffler, Daniel Kahneman, Jonathan Haidt, Joshua Greene, and Daniel Dennett. Nagel consistently defends a realist interpretation of moral truth and resists reductive attempts to subsume ethics to psychology and evolutionary theory. He also defends a pluralistic conception of the content of morality as opposed to utilitarianism, one that includes deontological elements such as rights and special responsibilities. A realist outlook also informs his discussion of metaphysical and epistemological questions. The book closes with tributes to a number of people Nagel has known over the course of his career. The es\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThere is much to be savoured in this entertaining and fascinating compendium of views that have done so much to shape the philosophical landscape over the past half century and for which [Nagel] is justly renowned. * A.W. Moore, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Analytic Philosophy and Human Life  Life and Death 2. Tony Judt, Life and Memory 3. After We've Gone 4. Can We Survive? 5. Assistance in Dying 6. Theresienstadt  Ethics 7. Peter Singer and You 8. Effective Altruism 9. Korsgaard, Kant, and Our Fellow Creatures 10. Regret and Its Limits 11. Four Women 12. Law, Morality, and Truth 13. The Illusion of Tax Fairness  Moral Psychology 14. Scanlon on the Reality of Reasons 15. Kahneman's Thinking 16. The Cortex and the Trolley Problem 17. Modular Morality 18. Fictions and Ideals  Reality 19. The Core of Mind and Cosmos 20. Plantinga on Science and Religion 21. Is Metaphysics Possible? 22. Creators of the Modern Mind 23. Dennett's Illusions  Tributes 24. Betsy Dworkin 1933-2000 25. Robert Nozick 1938-2002 26. John Rawls 2021-2002 27. Bernard Williams 1929-2003 28. Donald Davidson 1917-2003 29. Peter Strawson 1919-2006 30. Ronald Dworkin 2006 31. John Searle 2009 32. Ronald Dworkin 1931-2013 33. Barry Stroud 1935-2019","brand":"Oxford University Press Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732673999191,"sku":"9780197681671","price":19.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780197681671.jpg?v=1719997898"},{"product_id":"citizen-knowledge-9780197681718","title":"Citizen Knowledge","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMany democratic societies currently struggle with issues around knowledge: fake news, distrust of experts, a fear of technocratic tendencies. In Citizen Knowledge, Lisa Herzog discusses how knowledge, understood in a broad sense, should be dealt with in societies that combine a democratic political system with a capitalist economic system. How do citizens learn about politics? How do new scientific insights make their way into politics? What role can markets play in processing decentralized knowledge? Herzog takes on the perspective of democratic institutionalism, which focuses on the institutions that enable an inclusive and stable democratic life. She argues that the fraught relation between democracy and capitalism gets out of balance if too much knowledge is treated according to the logic of markets rather than democracy. Complex societies need different mechanisms for dealing with knowledge, among which markets, democratic deliberation, and expert communities are central. Citizen Knowledge emphasizes the responsibility of bearers of knowledge and the need to support institutions that promote active and informed citizenship. Through this lens, Herzog develops the vision of an egalitarian society that considers the use of knowledge in society not a matter of markets, but of shared democratic responsibility, supported by epistemic infrastructures. As such, Herzog''s argument contributes to political epistemology, a new subdiscipline of philosophy, with a specific focus on the interrelation between economic and political processes. Citizen Knowledge draws from both the history of ideas and systematic arguments about the nature of knowledge to propose reforms for a more unified and flourishing democratic system.This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eChapter 1: Introduction  Chapter 2: Knowledge - social, practical, political  Chapter 3: Markets, deliberators, experts  Chapter 4: The rise of free market thinking  Chapter 5: What's wrong with the \"marketplace of ideas\"?  Chapter 6: Democratic institutionalism  Chapter 7: Putting the market in its place  Chapter 8: Experts in democracies  Chapter 9: The epistemic infrastructure of democracy  Chapter 10: The epistemic benefits of social justice  Chapter 11: Defending democracy--socially, institutionally, pragmatically  Bibliography Index","brand":"Oxford University Press Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732674064727,"sku":"9780197681718","price":54.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780197681718.jpg?v=1719997899"},{"product_id":"moral-feelings-moral-reality-and-moral-progress-9780197690888","title":"Moral Feelings Moral Reality and Moral Progress","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis volume presents two closely related essays by Thomas Nagel: Gut Feelings and Moral Knowledge and Moral Reality and Moral Progress. Both essays are concerned with moral epistemology and our means of access to moral truth; both are concerned with moral realism and with the resistance to subjectivist and reductionist accounts of morality; and both are concerned with the historical development of moral knowledge. The second essay also proposes an account of the historical development of moral truth, according to which it does not share the timelessness of scientific truth. This is because moral truth must be based on reasons that are accessible to the individuals to whom they apply, and such accessibility depends on historical developments. The result is that only some advances in moral knowledge are discoveries of what has been true all along.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface  1. Gut Feelings and Moral Knowledge 2. Moral Reality and Moral Progress  Index","brand":"Oxford University Press Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732675342679,"sku":"9780197690888","price":16.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780197690888.jpg?v=1719997905"},{"product_id":"scepticism-9780198829164","title":"Scepticism","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThroughout history scepticism and the urge to question accepted truths has been a powerful force for change and growth. Today, as we are bombarded by adverts, scientific studies praising the latest superfoods, and political rhetoric, a healthy amount of scepticism is widely encouraged. But when is such scepticism legitimate - for example, as a driver of new ideas - and when is it problematic? And what role might adopting a sceptical outlook play in leading an intellectually virtuous life?In this Very Short Introduction Duncan Pritchard explores both the advantages of scepticism, in challenging outdated notions, and also how it can have unhelpful social consequences, in generating distrust. He considers the role of scepticism at the source of contemporary social and political movements such as climate change denial, post-truth politics, and fake news. Pritchard also examines the philosophical arguments for a radical form of scepticism which maintains that knowledge is impossible, and explores some of the main responses to these arguments. Finally, he considers the part scepticism might play in applying better thinking and learning to achieve a more meaningful life. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1: What is scepticism? 2: Is knowledge impossible? 3: Defending knowledge 4: Scepticism as a way of life Further reading Index","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732800319831,"sku":"9780198829164","price":9.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198829164.jpg?v=1719998453"},{"product_id":"scientific-testimony-its-roles-in-science-and-society-9780198857273","title":"Scientific Testimony Its roles in science and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book concerns the roles of scientific testimony in science and society. It argues that intra-scientific testimony is not in conflict with the spirit of science or an add-on to scientific practice, rather it is a vital part of science.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface Introduction PART I. Philosophical Foundations of Scientific Testimony 1: Testimony and the Scientific Enterprise 2: The Nature of Testimony PART II. Scientific Testimony within Science 3: Scientific Justification as the Basis of Scientific Testimony 4: Intra-Scientific Testimony PART III. Scientific Testimony in Society 5: Public Scientific Testimony I: Scientific Expert Testimony 6: Public Scientific Testimony II: Scientific Reporting PART IV. Scientific Testimony in Science and Society 7: The Significance of Scientific Testimony 8: Coda: Scientific Testimony, Cognitive Diversity, and Epistemic Injustice","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732816474455,"sku":"9780198857273","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"idealization-in-epistemology-a-modest-modeling-approach-9780198860556","title":"Idealization in Epistemology A Modest Modeling","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIt''s standard in epistemology to approach questions about knowledge and rational belief using idealized, simplified models. But while the practice of constructing idealized models in epistemology is old, metaepistemological reflection on that practice is not. Greco argues that the fact that epistemologists build idealized models isn''t merely a metaepistemological observation that can leave first-order epistemological debates untouched. Rather, once we view epistemology through the lens of idealization and model-building, the landscape looks quite different.Constructing idealized models is likely the best epistemologists can do. Once one starts using epistemological categories like belief, knowledge, and confidence, the realm of idealization and model-building is entered. We can object to a model of knowledge by pointing to a better model, but in the absence of a better model, the fact that a framework for epistemologizing theorizing involves simplifications, approximations, and other inaccuracies-the fact of its status as an idealized model-is not in itself objectionable. Once we accept that theorizing in epistemological terms is inescapably idealized, a number of intriguing possibilities open up. Greco defends a package of epistemological views that might otherwise have looked indefensibly dismissive of our cognitive limitations-a package according to which we know a wide variety of facts with certainty, including what our evidence is, what we know and don''t know, and what follows from our knowledge.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAcknowledgments Introduction 1: Idealization and Modeling 2: Modest Modeling 3: Modeling With Possible Worlds 4: Certainty and Undercutting 5: Belief and Credence 6: Inter-Level Coherence 7: Common Knowledge 8: Ideal and Non-Ideal Epistemology Bibliography","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732817621335,"sku":"9780198860556","price":60.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198860556.jpg?v=1719998528"},{"product_id":"perception-first-form-of-mind-9780198871002","title":"Perception First Form of Mind","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn Perception: First Form of Mind, Tyler Burge develops an understanding of the most primitive type of mental representational: perception. Focusing on the functions and capacities of perceptual states, Burge accounts for their representational content and structure, and develops a formal semantics for them. The discussion explains the role of iconic format in the structure. It also situates the accounts of content, structure, and semantics within scientific explanations of perceptual-state formation, emphasizing formation of perceptual categorization. In the book''s second half, Burge discusses what a perceptual system is. Exploration of relations between perception and other primitive capacities-conation, attention, memory, anticipation, affect, learning, and imagining-helps distinguish perceiving, with its associated capacities, from thinking, with its associated capacities. Drawing mainly on vision science, not introspection, Perception: First Form of Mind is a rigorous, agenda-set\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface Part I: Perception 1: Introduction 2: Perception 3: Perceptual Constancy: A Central Psychological Natural Kind Part II:  Form 4: Some Basics about Perception and Perceptual Systems 5: Perceptual Reference Requires Perceptual Attribution 6: Form and Semantics of Perceptual Representational Contents 7: Perceptual Attributives and Referential Applications in Perceptual Constancies 8: Egocentric Indexing in Perceptual Spatial and Temporal Frameworks 9: The Iconic Nature of Perception Part III:  Formation 10: First-formed Perception 11: Intra-saccadic Perception and Recurrent Processing 12: Further Attributives: Primitive Attribution of Causation, Agency Part IV: System 13: Perceptual-level Representation and Categorization 14: Perceptual-level Conation and Relatively Primitive, Perceptually Guided Action 15: Perceptual Attention 16: Perceptual Memory I: Shorter Term Systems 17: Perceptual Memory II: Visual Perceptual Long-Term Memory 18: Perceptual Learning, Perceptual Anticipation, Perceptual Imagining 19: Perception and Cognition 20: Conclusion","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732824994135,"sku":"9780198871002","price":92.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198871002.jpg?v=1719998563"},{"product_id":"belief-imagination-and-delusion-9780198872221","title":"Belief Imagination and Delusion","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis volume brings together recent work on the nature of belief, imagination, and delusion, and seeks to get clearer on the nature of belief and imagination, the ways in which they relate to one another, and how they might be integrated into accounts of delusional belief formation.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eList of Contributors 1: Ema Sullivan-Bissett: Introduction PART I: Lessons from Delusion on Belief and Imagination 2: Kengo Miyazono: Delusion and Self-Knowledge 3: Amy Kind: Contrast or Continuum? The Case of Belief and Imagination 4: Philip R. Corlett: Imagination, Agency, and Predictive Processing PART II: Belief and Imagination in the Wild 5: Anna Ichino: Religious Imaginings 6: Michael Omoge: On the Place of Imagination in the Architecture of the Mind 7: Neil Levy: Believing in Stories: Delusions, Superstitions, Conspiracy Theories, and Other Fairy Tales PART III: Delusional Experience 8: Garry Young: The Capgras Delusion: An Interactionist Approach Revisited 9: Philip Gerrans: Cotard Syndrome: The Experience of Inexistence 10: Douglas Lavin and Lucy O'Brien: Delusions and Everyday Life PART IV: Delusions, Belief, and Evidence 11: Sophie Archer: Why Do You Believe That? Delusion and Epistemic Reasons 12: Nicholas Furl, Max Coltheart, and Ryan McKay: o The Paradox of Delusions: Are Deluded Individuals Resistant to Evidence? 13: Paul Noordhof: Irrationality and the Failures of Consciousness Index","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732825026903,"sku":"9780198872221","price":76.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198872221.jpg?v=1719998562"},{"product_id":"why-we-doubt-9780198871965","title":"Why We Doubt","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book, the first of its kind, puts forward a novel, unified cognitive account of skeptical doubt. Historically, most philosophers have tried to tackle this difficult topic by directly arguing that skeptical doubt is false. But N. Ángel Pinillos does something different. He begins by trying to uncover the hidden mental rule which, for better or worse, motivates our skeptical inclinations. He then gives an account of the broader cognitive purpose of having and applying this rule. Based on these ideas, he shows how we can give a new response to the traditional problem of global skepticism. He also argues that philosophical skepticism is not just something that comes up during philosophical reflection, as David Hume, Charles Sanders Peirce and other philosophers have urged. Instead, it is of great practical significance. The rule which produces skepticism may itself be operative in certain pathologies such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, in creative endeavors, and in conspiratorial t\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePinillos gets serious about skeptical doubt as a psychological phenomenon, offering us a cognitive-scientific account of where it comes from... The book is a major contribution to empirically informed epistemology and a model for how to bring cognitive science to bear on traditional philosophical issues. * Matthew McGrath, Washington University in St. Louis *\u003cbr\u003eThis [is a] really excellent monograph. I learned a ton from this book. It is remarkably deeply and broadly researched and meticulously argued. It covers so much ground-in both cognitive science and epistemology... * Branden Fitelson, Northeastern University *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction and Book Summary Part I: Skeptical Tension 1: The Need for an Explanation Part II: The Positive Account 2: The Skeptical Rule 3: Broad Function (Part 1) 4: Broad Function (Part 2) 5: Narrow Function Part III: Applications 6: Solving the Skeptical Paradox 7: Skepticism in Society 8: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 9: Varieties of Doubt Part IB: Competing Views and Objections 10: Philosophically Accommodating Accounts 11: Psychological Accounts 12: Objections to Sensitivity Bibliography","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732825289047,"sku":"9780198871965","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"oxford-studies-in-metaethics-volume-18-9780198884699","title":"Oxford Studies in Metaethics Volume 18","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOxford Studies in Metaethics is the only publication devoted exclusively to original philosophical work in the foundations of ethics. It provides an annual selection of much of the best new scholarship being done in the field. Its broad purview includes work being done at the intersections of ethical theory with metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind. The essays included in the series provide an excellent basis for understanding recent developments in the field; those who would like to acquaint themselves with the current state of play in metaethics would do well to start here.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eList of Contributors Introduction 1: David Sobel and Steven Wall: The Objectivist Attempt to Appropriate Subjective Value 2: Claire Kirwin: Value Realism and Idiosyncrasy 3: Matthew Chrisman: Inferentialism as an Alternative to Expressivism 4: Jamie Fritz: Unfitting Absent Emotion 5: Thomas Schmidt: How Reasons Determine Moral Requirements 6: Alison Hills: The Normativity of Aesthetics 7: Antti Kauppinen: The Epistemic vs. The Practical 8: Elise Woodard: Epistemic Atonement 9: Eric Sampson: Moorean Arguments against the Error Theory: A Defense 10: Declan Smithies: The Problem of Morally Repugnant Beliefs","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732827484503,"sku":"9780198884699","price":68.4,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198884699.jpg?v=1719998573"},{"product_id":"rational-powers-in-action-9780198889564","title":"Rational Powers in Action","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHuman actions unfold over time, in pursuit of ends that are not fully specified in advance. Rational Powers in Action locates these features of the human condition at the heart of a new theory of instrumental rationality. Where many theories of rational agency focus on instantaneous choices between sharply defined outcomes, treating the temporally extended and partially open-ended character of action as an afterthought, this book argues that the deep structure of instrumental rationality can only be understood if we see how it governs the pursuit of long-term, indeterminate ends. These are ends that cannot be realized through a single momentary action, and whose content leaves partly open what counts as realizing the end. Sergio Tenenbaum argues that we need to focus on temporal duration and the indeterminacy of ends in intentional action, even to explain the rational governance of relatively simple actions. Theories of moment-by-moment preference maximization, or indeed any understanding of instrumental rationality on the basis of momentary mental items, cannot capture the fundamental structure of our instrumentally rational capacities. Tenenbaum provides a new theory of instrumental rationality as rationality in action.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRational Powers in Action is a major contribution not only to philosophy but to economic theory as well. It presents many issues in a new light, and that is no mean achievement. * David Gordon, Philosophical Quarterly *\u003cbr\u003eTenenbaum's Rational Power in Action is a tour de force. With its fresh, exciting, and insightful arguments, it promises to shift the conceptual foundations of action theory away from momentary actions and choices toward thinking of those in an extended way. Theories of action or instrumental rationality must now engage this landmark work or risk obsolescence. * Nathan Howard, Ethics *\u003cbr\u003eSergio Tenenbaum's Rational Powers in Action presents a new theory of instrumental rationality . . . Tenenbaum writes in a breezy and engaging style, and the book does a good job of putting forward his theory as an attractive candidate * Seamus Bradley, Economics and Philosophy *\u003cbr\u003eIn his excellent new book, Rational Powers in Action . . . Sergio Tenenbaum develops a theory of instrumental rationality which goes fundamentally against the dominant approaches in the contemporary debate. . . . [a] great variety and wealth of discussions the book offers, and I very much recommend anyone interested in the topic of instrumental rationality to read it. * Erasmus Mayr, Mind *\u003cbr\u003eTheories of instrumental rationality provide, roughly speaking, evaluations and imperatives regarding choice or action that figure as relative to certain basic given attitudes or stances of the agent. Such theories often abstract away from the fact that actions are generally temporally extended and from crucial complications associated with this fact. Sergio Tenenbaum's Rational Powers in Action (2020) reveals and navigates these complications with great acuity, ultimately providing a powerful revisionary picture of instrumental rationality that highlights the extremely limited nature of the standard picture (which focuses on the selection of momentary acts, chosen and effected—in auspicious cases wherein they are not blocked—at a choice point) * Chrisoula Andreou, Philosophical Inquiries *\u003cbr\u003eIn his excellent book, Rational Powers in Action: Instrumental Rationality and Extended Agency, Sergio Tenenbaum lays out a highly ambitious, original, and powerful theory of instrumental rationality, which he calls the “extended theory of instrumental rationality” * John Brunero, Philosophical Inquiries *\u003cbr\u003eRational Powers in Action is a brilliant book. It is an extensive, resourceful, enjoyably-written articulation and defense of a genuinely new theory of instrumental rationality. It seeks to overthrow the tyranny of orthodox decision theory, understood as a theory of instrumental rationality, but it does so from within a profound grasp of that tradition. Further, the book takes aim at the relatively widespread view that “future-directed intentions” are attitudes governed by distinctive rational norms of non-reconsideration and persistence. Those who are inclined to continue holding these views—like myself, in the latter case—will have to contend going forward with Tenenbaum's powerful arguments against them. * Sarah Paul, Philosophical Inquiries *\u003cbr\u003eSergio Tenenbaum's excellent new book Rational Powers in Action raises a powerful challenge to mainstream theories of instrumental rationality. * Erasmus Mayr, Philosophical Inquiries *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1: Extended Action and Instrumental Rationality: The Structure of a Theory of Instrumental Rationality 2: Extended Theory of Rationality: Basic Tenets and Motivations 3: Pursuing Ends as the Fundamental Given Attitude 4: Indeterminate Ends and the Puzzle of the Self-Torturer 5: Future-Directed Intentions and the Theory of Instrumental Rationality 6: Persisting Intentions 7: Instrumental Virtues 8: Practical Judgment and its Corresponding Vices 9: Actions, Preferences, and Risk","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732828172631,"sku":"9780198889564","price":18.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198889564.jpg?v=1719998575"},{"product_id":"an-essay-concerning-human-understanding-9780199296620","title":"An Essay concerning Human Understanding","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e''I must apply my self to Experience; as far as that reaches, I may have certain Knowledge, but no farther.''In An Essay concerning Human Understanding, John Locke sets out his theory of knowledge and how we acquire it. Eschewing doctrines of innate principles and ideas, Locke shows how all our ideas, even the most abstract and complex, are grounded in human experience and attained by sensation of external things or reflection upon our own mental activities. A thorough examination of the communication of ideas through language and the conventions of taking words as signs of ideas paves the way for his penetrating critique of the limitations of ideas and the extent of our knowledge of ourselves, the world, God, and morals.Locke''s masterpiece laid the foundation of British empiricism and is of enduring interest to anyone exploring the development of philosophical thought. This sensitive abridgement uses P. H. Nidditch''s authoritative text, and together with an illuminating introduction and other features, makes Locke''s arguments more accessible. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World''s Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford''s commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732840264023,"sku":"9780199296620","price":13.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199296620.jpg?v=1719998622"},{"product_id":"an-enquiry-concerning-human-understanding-oxford-worlds-classics-9780199549900","title":"An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding Oxford","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e''Commit it then to the flames: for it can contain nothing but sophistry and illusion.'' Thus ends David Hume''s Enquiry concerning Human Understanding, the definitive statement of the greatest philosopher in the English language. His arguments in support of reasoning from experience, and against the ''sophistry and illusion'' of religiously inspired philosophical fantasies, caused controversy in the eighteenth century and are strikingly relevant today, when faith and science continue to clash.The Enquiry considers the origin and processes of human thought, reaching the stark conclusion that we can have no ultimate understanding of the physical world, or indeed our own minds. In either sphere we must depend on instinctive learning from experience, recognizing our animal nature and the limits of reason. Hume''s calm and open-minded scepticism thus aims to provide a new basis for science, liberating us from the ''superstition'' of false metaphysics and religion. His Enquiry  remains one of the best introductions to the study of philosophy, and this edition places it in its historical and philosophical context. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World''s Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford''s commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732857532759,"sku":"9780199549900","price":9.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199549900.jpg?v=1719998697"},{"product_id":"critique-of-judgement-oxford-worlds-classics-9780199552467","title":"Critique of Judgement Oxford Worlds Classics","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eKant's Critique of Judgement analyses our experience of the beautiful and the sublime in relation to nature, morality, and theology. Meredith's classic translation is here lightly revised and supplemented with a bilingual glossary. The edition also includes the important First Introduction.","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732858188119,"sku":"9780199552467","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199552467.jpg?v=1719998699"},{"product_id":"principles-of-human-knowledge-and-three-dialogues-9780199555178","title":"Principles of Human Knowledge and Three Dialogues","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBerkeley''s idealism started a revolution in philosophy. As one of the great empiricist thinkers he not only influenced British philosophers from Hume to Russell and the logical positivists in the twentieth century, he also set the scene for the continental idealism of Hegel and even the philosophy of Marx.There has never been such a radical critique of common sense and perception as that given in Berkeley''s Principles of Human Knowledge (1710). His views were met with disfavour, and his response to his critics was the Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous.This edition of Berkeley''s two key works has an introduction which examines and in part defends his arguments for idealism, as well as offering a detailed analytical contents list, extensive philosophical notes and an index. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World''s Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford''s commitment to scholarship, \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThere is something beautiful about the design of this series: their portability, even their tendency to become dog-eared. And this is a welcome reprint, sensitively edited. * Nicholas Lezard, The Guardian *\u003cbr\u003ethe editions deserve great credit for the enthusiasm of their approach ... The introductions by eminent scholars put the thoughts of the author and the history of the time into clear perspective. Oxford should be given credit for making the classics accessible for all rather than just crib notes for students. * Jonathan Copeland, Lincolnshire Echo *","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732860678487,"sku":"9780199555178","price":8.54,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199555178.jpg?v=1719998711"},{"product_id":"a-treatise-of-human-nature-volume-1-9780199596331","title":"A Treatise of Human Nature Volume 1","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDavid and Mary Norton present the definitive scholarly edition of one of the greatest philosophical works ever written. This first volume contains the critical text of David Hume''s Treatise of Human Nature (1739\/40), followed by the short Abstract (1740) in which Hume set out the key arguments of the larger work; the volume concludes with A Letter from a Gentleman to his Friend in Edinburgh (1745), Hume''s defence of the Treatise when it was under attack from ministers seeking to prevent Hume''s appointment as Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA Note on the Texts ; Contents of A Treatise of Human Nature ; A TREATISE OF HUMAN NATURE ; An Abstract of ... A Treatise of Human Nature ; A Letter from a Gentleman to his Friend in Edinburgh","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732872016215,"sku":"9780199596331","price":37.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199596331.jpg?v=1719998756"},{"product_id":"objectivity-9780199606696","title":"Objectivity","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e- Is objectivity possible?- Can there be objectivity in matters of morals, or tastes?- What would a truly objective account of the world be like?- Is everything subjective, or relative? - Are moral judgments objective or culturally relative? Objectivity is both an essential and elusive philosophical concept. An account is generally considered to be objective if it attempts to capture the nature of the object studied without judgement of a conscious entity or subject. Objectivity stands in contrast to subjectivity: an objective account is impartial, one which could ideally be accepted by any subject, because it does not draw on any assumptions, prejudices, or values of particular subjects. Stephen Gaukroger shows that it is far from clear that we can resolve moral or aesthetic disputes in this way and it has often been argued that such an approach is not always appropriate for disciplines that deal with human, rather than natural, phenomena. Moreover, even in those cases where we seek to be objective, it may be difficult to judge what a truly objective account would look like, and whether it is achievable. This Very Short Introduction demonstrates that there are a number of common misunderstandings about what objectivity is, and explores the theoretical and practical problems of objectivity by assessing the basic questions raised by it. As well as considering the core philosophical issues, Gaukroger also deals with the way in which particular understandings of objectivity impinge on social research, science, and art. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eREFERENCES; FURTHER READING","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732873228631,"sku":"9780199606696","price":9.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199606696.jpg?v=1719998761"},{"product_id":"aristotle-topics-book-vi-9780199609765","title":"Aristotle Topics Book VI","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis volume presents a new translation of Aristotle''s Topics Book VI by Annamaria Schiaparelli, accompanied by a detailed commentary and textual notes providing insight into the history of the transmission of the text with its variants. In the Topics, Aristotle aims at developing his dialectical method. He introduces the four predicables (property, genus, accident, and definition) which are necessary for the classification and application of the topoi, or commonplaces. Book VI of the Topics is entirely devoted to the discussion of definition, the most extended and refined discussion of this subject handed down to us from the classical period. The concept of definition plays a central role not only in Aristotle''s logic but also in his ontology. Issues connected with definitions emerge constantly throughout his works. Moreover, definitions are at the centre of Platonic philosophy and sparked a lively discussion in philosophy of the Hellenistic and late classical periods.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eINTRODUCTION I: The Place of the Topics in Aristotle's Corpus II: The Contents of the Topics III: The Four Predicables IV: The Classifications of the Predicables V: The Logical Relations among the Predicables VI: The Predicable Definition VII: Types of Definition and their Rules VIII: The Notion of Causality in the Topics IX: Some Prominent Themes concerning Standard Definitions X: Structure and Interpretations of Book VI of the Topics TRANSLATION COMMENTARY Notes on the Text Appendix: The Predicables  Logical Relations Select Bibliography Glossary: English-Greek \/ Greek-English Indexes","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732873785687,"sku":"9780199609765","price":25.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199609765.jpg?v=1719998765"},{"product_id":"theaetetus-9780199646166","title":"Theaetetus","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e''What exactly is knowledge?''The Theaetetus is a seminal text in the philosophy of knowledge, and is acknowledged as one of Plato''s finest works. Cast as a conversation between Socrates and a clever but modest student, Theaetetus, it explores one of the key issues in philosophy: what is knowledge? Though no definite answer is reached, the discussion is penetrating and wide-ranging, covering the claims of perception to be knowledge, the theory that all is in motion, and the perennially tempting idea that knowledge and truth are relative to different individuals or states. The inquirers go on to explore the connection between knowledge and true judgement, and the famous threefold definition of knowledge as justified true belief. Packed with subtle arguments, the dialogue is also a work of literary genius, with an unforgettable portrait of Socrates as a midwife of wisdom. This new edition uses the acclaimed translation by John McDowell. It includes a valuable introduction that locates the work in Plato''s oeuvre, and explains some of the competing interpretations of its overall meaning. The notes elucidate Plato''s arguments and draw connections within the work and with other philosophical discussions.ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World''s Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford''s commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003estrongly recommended for undergraduates and anyone with a serious interest in Plato. * Colin Leach, Classics for All *","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732875555159,"sku":"9780199646166","price":11.39,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"knowledge-9780199661268","title":"Knowledge","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhat is knowledge? How does it differ from mere belief? Do you need to be able to justify a claim in order to count as knowing it? How can we know that the outer world is real and not a dream?Questions like these are ancient ones, and the branch of philosophy dedicated to answering them - epistemology - has been active for thousands of years. In this thought-provoking Very Short Introduction, Jennifer Nagel considers these classic questions alongside new puzzles arising from recent discoveries about humanity, language, and the mind. Nagel explains the formation of major historical theories of knowledge, and shows how contemporary philosophers have developed new ways of understanding knowledge, using ideas from logic, linguistics, and psychology. Covering topics ranging from relativism and the problem of scepticism to the trustworthiness of internet sources, Nagel examines how progress has been made in understanding knowledge, using everyday examples to explain the key issues and debates ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eI am in love with this series - it's like having an extended course of study in one's rucksack or handbag that's designed to educate the modern polymath. * GrrlScientist, Guardian Books *\u003cbr\u003e[A]dmirably clear and engaging * Steven Poole, The Guardian *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Introduction ; 2. Scepticism ; 3. Rationalism and empiricism ; 4. The analysis of knowledge ; 5. Internalism and externalism ; 6. Testimony ; 7. Shifting standards? ; 8. Knowing about knowing ; Further reading ; Index","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732877455703,"sku":"9780199661268","price":9.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199661268.jpg?v=1719998779"},{"product_id":"hermeneutics-9780199685356","title":"Hermeneutics","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHermeneutics is the branch of knowledge that deals with interpretation, a behaviour that is intrinsic to our daily lives. As humans, we decipher the meaning of newspaper articles, books, legal matters, religious texts, political speeches, emails, and even dinner conversations every day . But how is knowledge mediated through these forms? What constitutes the process of interpretation? And how do we draw meaning from the world around us so that we might understand our position in it? In this Very Short Introduction Jens Zimmermann traces the history of hermeneutic theory, setting out its key elements, and demonstrating how they can be applied to a broad range of disciplines: theology; literature; law; and natural and social sciences. Demonstrating the longstanding and wide-ranging necessity of interpretation, Zimmermann reveals its significance in our current social and political landscape. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis very readable and much needed introduction breaks new ground in that it is the first to demonstrate, with insight, wit and a trove of illuminating examples, the importance of hermeneutics in all fields of knowledge. * Jean Grondin, Université de Montréal *\u003cbr\u003eZimmerman offers one of the best short introductions to modern hermeneutics. The writing is at all times concise, clear and engaging. The author brilliantly evaluates the riches of this major intellectual tradition as well as revealing its ongoing creative influence on contemporary thought. * Richard Kearney, Charles Seelig Professor at Boston College and author of Anatheism and Carnal Hermeneutics. *\u003cbr\u003eAn excellent introduction to that most characteristic of human activities, the attempt to understand. From the key figures in the development of the discipline to the application of their ideas in various fields, the reader is shown what it means to think hermeneutically and invited to do so as well. * Fr. John Behr, Dean, St Vladimir's Seminary *\u003cbr\u003eThe Introduction clearly points to the major issues involved in hermeneutics. Jens Zimmermann writes excellently for a wide audience and the references to texting and to digital worlds gives it a contemporary feel. * Graham Ward, Regius Professor of Divinity, Christ Church Oxford, Director of Graduate Studies New York *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface ; 1. What is Hermeneutics? ; 2. Hermeneutics: A brief history ; 3. Philosophical hermeneutics ; 4. Hermeneutics and theology ; 5. Hermeneutics and law ; 6. Hermeneutics and science ; 7. Hermeneutics and the humanities ; References ; Further reading ; Index","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732883452247,"sku":"9780199685356","price":9.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199685356.jpg?v=1719998808"},{"product_id":"conquest-of-abundance-a-tale-of-abstraction-versus-the-richness-of-richness-9780226245348","title":"Conquest of Abundance  A Tale of Abstraction","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"Conquest of Abundance\" was prepared from drafts of the manuscript left at the author's death, working notes, lectures and articles Feyerabend wrote while the larger work was in progress. It offers up exploration and insights with the charm, and sense of mischief that are his hallmarks.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA note on the editing; Part one: The unfinished manuscript; introduction 1 Achilles' conjecture; 2 xenophanes; 3 Parmenides and the logic of being interlude: On the ambiguity of interpretations; 4 Brunelleschi and the invention of perspective; Part Two: Essays on the manuscript's themes; 1 realism and the historicity of knowledge; 2 has the scientific view of the world a special status compared with other views?; 3 quantum theory and our view of the world; 4 realism; 5 historical comments on realism; 6 what reality? 7 Aristotle. Part contents.","brand":"The University of Chicago Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732903670103,"sku":"9780226245348","price":22.8,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780226245348.jpg?v=1719998886"},{"product_id":"nonsense-on-stilts-9780226495996","title":"Nonsense on Stilts","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn this fully revised second edition, noted skeptic Massimo Pigliucci sets out to separate the fact from the fantasy in an entertaining exploration of the nature of science, the borderlands of fringe science, and--borrowing a famous phrase from philosopher Jeremy Bentham--the nonsense on stilts.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"How can we decide what counts as science? That is the central question of this brilliant book, which ought to be required reading for, well, everyone.\"--Amanda Gefter \"New Scientist, on the first edition \" \"Pigliucci's book serves a seriously worthwhile purpose: that of giving you, the reader, tools and instructions for assembling your very own 'baloney-detector.' Armed with this, you stand a vastly improved chance of separating the wheat of reliable knowledge from the chaff of fashionable nonsense in your daily harvest of data.\"--Lou Marinoff \"Times Higher Education, on the first edition \"","brand":"The University of Chicago Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732909437271,"sku":"9780226495996","price":21.69,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780226495996.jpg?v=1719998911"},{"product_id":"meaning-9780226672953","title":"Meaning","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"The University of Chicago Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732915564887,"sku":"9780226672953","price":26.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780226672953.jpg?v=1719998932"},{"product_id":"idealization-and-the-aims-of-science-9780226759449","title":"Idealization and the Aims of Science","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eScience is the study of our world, as it is in its messy reality. Nonetheless, science requires idealization to functionif we are to attempt to understand the world, we have to find ways to reduce its complexity.    Idealization and the Aims of Science shows just how crucial idealization is to science and why it matters. Beginning with the acknowledgment of our status as limited human agents trying to make sense of an exceedingly complex world, Angela Potochnik moves on to explain how science aims to depict and make use of causal patternsa project that makes essential use of idealization. She offers case studies from a number of branches of science to demonstrate the ubiquity of idealization, shows how causal patterns are used to develop scientific explanations, and describes how the necessarily imperfect connection between science and truth leads to researchers' values influencing their findings. The resulting book is a tour de force, a synthesis of the study of idealization that also\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e“Angela Potochnik’s ambitious book is an antidote to the view that the philosophy of science tries to pronounce grandly on what scientists ought to do.\"  -- Philip Ball * New Scientist *\u003cbr\u003e\"In sum, this\u003ci\u003e \u003c\/i\u003eis a rich, well-argued book that articulates a coherent view of science and explicates the essential role of idealization in a world of cognitively limited people.\" -- Notre Dame Philosophical Review\u003cbr\u003e\"In her exceptional book, \u003ci\u003eIdealization and the Aims of Science\u003c\/i\u003e, Angela Potochnik explores the nature of idealizations while accounting for why they are so ubiquitous.\u003cbr\u003e The picture of science that emerges from Potochnik’s work is that of a thoroughly human endeavor. Science is a tool that helps us navigate an extremely complex world. Potochnik’s picture of science is compelling and helps to ground an appreciation of how truly impressive the success of science is.\" * Science \u0026amp; Education *\u003cbr\u003e\"This thought—that science makes the world’s complexity accessible to human understanding via idealization—is the central contention of Angela Potochnik’s ambitious, striking book.\"  * Biology \u0026amp; Philosophy *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\"Why do scientists deliberately maintain falsehoods in their theories and models? Given the complexity of natural phenomena, scientists must simplify and generalize to isolate details from which causal patterns may be identified. Consequently, researchers must make choices about what to study and how; in doing so, the author argues, social values become entrenched in science. Potochnik contends that science doesn’t pursue truth directly but aims to support “human cognitive and practical ends.” Following several case studies of recent research in such diverse topics as behavioral ecology and human aggression, and—to a lesser extent—fluid dynamics, quantum physics, and climate change, the author offers a detailed exploration of how social values are linked to science. Arguing that science should be regarded as a tool to facilitate human action, Potochnik concludes that scientists should pursue research that advances both action and understanding. She defines the most valuable subjects as those of ethical concern—for example global climate change or studies involving human physiological and psychological health. Written primarily for philosophers of science, this text has practical implications for science practice. It will be of greatest benefit to advanced academics and active research scientists. Recommended.\"\u003c\/p\u003e * Choice *\u003cbr\u003e\"\u003ci\u003eIdealization and the Aims of Science\u003c\/i\u003e is a fantastic book. In it, Potochnik argues for a compelling, global picture of how science works – one that seeks to clarify how the practice of science relates both to human cognitive capacities and to the world we seek to understand. The book is ecumenical yet concise. It is broad but focuses on the details. It seeks to make generalizations about science, but it does so through diverse analyses of particular scientific practices. If one wanted a single book that summed up both the challenges and opportunities in current philosophy of science, one could hardly do better. . . . I expect that I will return to it frequently as I pursue my own projects for useful ideas, contrasting viewpoints, and helpful articulations of general principles. I can’t think of a better endorsement to give to a philosophical text.\" * Philosophy of Science *\u003cbr\u003e\"A wonderful book. It is well informed by contemporary research from various sciences, and the discussion throughout is thoughtful and engaging. . . . The book is rare in that it is accessible enough that novices will be able to follow the main ideas and benefit from reading it, and yet it is rich enough that experts will profit from closely studying it. Potochnik’s book is a must read for those interested in idealizations.\" * Science \u0026amp; Education *\u003cbr\u003e\"An impressive book that will not disappoint its readers in terms of its richness and ability to provoke new ideas on numerous topics in the philosophy of science.\" * Metascience *\u003cbr\u003e\"Potochnik's book comes as a breath of fresh air in general philosophy of science, both because of the variety of examples examined and because of its approach, aimed at drawing attention to the fact that science is not an ahistorical and impersonal enterprise but is fully founded on the ideas, aspirations, and activities of those that make science: the scientists. . . . This book will be valuable reading for anyone who wonders what science is and why it constitutes the most privileged form of knowledge in our world today.\" * History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e 1 Introduction: Doing Science in a Complex World\u003cbr\u003e 1.1 Science by Humans\u003cbr\u003e 1.2 Science in a Complex World\u003cbr\u003e 1.3 The Payoff: Idealizations and Many Aims\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e 2 Complex Causality and Simplified Representation\u003cbr\u003e 2.1 Causal Patterns in the Face of Complexity\u003cbr\u003e 2.1.1 Causal Patterns\u003cbr\u003e 2.1.2 Causal Complexity\u003cbr\u003e 2.2 Simplification by Idealization\u003cbr\u003e 2.2.1 Reasons to Idealize\u003cbr\u003e 2.2.2 Idealizations’ Representational Role\u003cbr\u003e 2.2.3 Rampant and Unchecked Idealization\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e 3 The Diversity of Scientific Projects\u003cbr\u003e 3.1 Broad Patterns: Modeling Cooperation\u003cbr\u003e 3.2 A Specific Phenomenon: Variation in Human Aggression\u003cbr\u003e 3.3 Predictions and Idealizations in the Physical Sciences\u003cbr\u003e 3.4 Surveying the Diversity\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e 4 Science Isn’t after the Truth\u003cbr\u003e 4.1 The Aims of Science\u003cbr\u003e 4.1.1 Understanding as Science’s Epistemic Aim\u003cbr\u003e 4.1.2 Separate Pursuit of Science’s Aims\u003cbr\u003e 4.2 Understanding, Truth, and Knowledge\u003cbr\u003e 4.2.1 The Nature of Scientific Understanding\u003cbr\u003e 4.2.2 The Role of Truth and Scientific Knowledge\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e 5 Causal Pattern Explanations\u003cbr\u003e 5.1 Explanation, Communication, and Understanding\u003cbr\u003e 5.2 An Account of Scientific Explanation\u003cbr\u003e 5.2.1 The Scope of Causal Patterns\u003cbr\u003e 5.2.2 The Crucial Role of the Audience\u003cbr\u003e 5.2.3 Adequate Explanations\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e 6 Levels and Fields of Science\u003cbr\u003e 6.1 Levels in Philosophy and Science\u003cbr\u003e 6.2 Going without Levels\u003cbr\u003e 6.2.1 Against Hierarchy\u003cbr\u003e 6.2.2 Prizing Apart Forms of Stratification\u003cbr\u003e 6.3 The Fields of Science and How They Relate\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e 7 Scientific Pluralism and Its Limits\u003cbr\u003e 7.1 The Entrenchment of Social Values\u003cbr\u003e 7.2 How Science Doesn’t Inform Metaphysics\u003cbr\u003e 7.3 Scientific Progress\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Acknowledgments\u003cbr\u003e List of Figures\u003cbr\u003e List of Tables\u003cbr\u003e Notes\u003cbr\u003e References\u003cbr\u003e Index","brand":"The University of Chicago Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732919726423,"sku":"9780226759449","price":27.55,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780226759449.jpg?v=1719998951"},{"product_id":"negative-certainties-9780226829487","title":"Negative Certainties","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"Marion argues that being clear about what one cannot know is philosophically important, because such acknowledgement makes one realize that even some properly formed questions will remain unanswerable.” * Choice *\u003cbr\u003e“A rich and profound philosophical vision that liberates us from our self-imposed nihilistic chains.” * The Review of Metaphysics *\u003cbr\u003e“The concluding work in the phenomenological project in which [Marion] has been engaged for the past twenty-five years: the broadening of the field of phenomenality.” * The Journal of Religion *\u003cbr\u003e“Crowned by the Académie Française . . . the philosopher in a bow tie, Jean-Luc Marion, loosens our Borromean knots: the human enigma, the mystery of God, and the unknown of birth as well as death, are so many inexplicable events. \u003ci\u003eNegative Certainties\u003c\/i\u003e, his latest book, questions the very possibility of these impossibilities.” * Le Monde, on the French edition *\u003cbr\u003e“Marion is one of today’s most important philosophers. . . . If certain knowledge is impossible, must we condemn ourselves to hazardous understandings and skepticism? For Marion, there is a third way, through negative certainty.”  * Libération, on the French edition *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eForeword\u003cbr\u003e Translator’s Acknowledgments\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e § 1 Attempt to Introduce the Concept of Negative Certainties into Philosophy\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e I The Undefinable, or the Face of Man\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e § 2 “What Is Man?”\u003cbr\u003e § 3 \u003ci\u003e“Ipse mihi magna quaestio\u003c\/i\u003e”\u003cbr\u003e § 4 What It Costs to Know (Oneself)\u003cbr\u003e § 5 Proscription\u003cbr\u003e § 6 The Fund of Incomprehensibility\u003cbr\u003e § 7 The Indefinite and the Unstable\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e II The Impossible, or What Is Proper to God\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e § 8 The Impossible Phenomenon\u003cbr\u003e § 9 The Irreducible\u003cbr\u003e § 10 Possibility without Conditions\u003cbr\u003e § 11 The (Im)possible: From Contradiction to Event\u003cbr\u003e § 12 The (Im)possible from My Point of View\u003cbr\u003e § 13 The (Im)possible from God’s Point of View\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e III The Unconditioned, or the Strength of the Gift\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e § 14 The Contradictions of the Gift\u003cbr\u003e § 15 The Terms of Exchange\u003cbr\u003e § 16 Reducing the Gift to Givenness\u003cbr\u003e § 17 Without the Principle of Identity\u003cbr\u003e § 18 Without the Principle of Sufficient Reason\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e IV The Unconditioned and the Variations of the Gift\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e § 19 Sacrifice According to the Terms of Exchange\u003cbr\u003e § 20 Regiving, Beginning from the Recipient\u003cbr\u003e § 21 The Confirmation of Abraham\u003cbr\u003e § 22 Forgiveness According to the Terms of Exchange\u003cbr\u003e § 23 Regiving, Beginning from the Giver\u003cbr\u003e § 24 The Return of the Prodigal Son\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e V The Unforeseeable, or the Event\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e § 25 What the Object Excludes\u003cbr\u003e § 26 The Condition of the Object\u003cbr\u003e § 27 Concerning the Distinction of Phenomena into Objects and Events\u003cbr\u003e § 28 Without Cause\u003cbr\u003e § 29 The Original Unknown\u003cbr\u003e § 30 The Double Interpretation\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Conclusion\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e § 31 In Praise of the Paradox\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Bibliographical Note\u003cbr\u003e Notes\u003cbr\u003e Index","brand":"The University of Chicago Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732933128535,"sku":"9780226829487","price":26.6,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780226829487.jpg?v=1719999006"},{"product_id":"hermeneutics-9780241257852","title":"Hermeneutics","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eIs anything ever \u003ci\u003enot\u003c\/i\u003e an interpretation? \u003cbr\u003eDoes interpretation go all the way down? \u003cbr\u003eIs there such a thing as a pure fact that is interpretation-free? If not, how are we supposed to know what to think and do? \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThese tantalizing questions are tackled by renowned American thinker John D Caputo in this wide-reaching exploration of what the traditional term ''hermeneutics'' can mean in a postmodern, twenty-first century world. As a contemporary of Derrida''s and longstanding champion of rethinking the disciplines of theology and philosophy, for decades Caputo has been forming alliances across disciplines and drawing in readers with his compelling approach to what he calls radical hermeneutics. In this new introduction, drawing upon a range of thinkers from Heidegger to the Parisian 1968ers and beyond, he raises a series of probing questions about the challenges of life in the postmodern and maybe soon to be ''post-human'' world.''\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePraise for \u003ci\u003eTruth\u003c\/i\u003e: Caputo's entertaining investigation into the nature of truth . . . sets out his case confidently, enlisting Nietzsche, Kierkegaard and Derrida as his allies. (His explanation of Derrida's thought is one of the clearest that I've read.) . . . The starting point for a more sophisticated discussion -- David Wolf * Prospect *\u003cbr\u003eCaputo has done a fine job of clarifying and classifying the postmodernist approach to truth and reality. His readable and eloquent book is an excellent guide to the outlook common in a certain strain of Continental European philosophy * The Times Literary Supplement *","brand":"Penguin Books Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732979822935,"sku":"9780241257852","price":10.44,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780241257852.jpg?v=1719999144"}],"url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/collections\/philosophy-epistemology-and-theory-of-knowledge.oembed?page=31","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}