{"title":"Materials science Books","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"the-new-science-of-strong-materials-9780140135978","title":"The New Science of Strong Materials","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhy isn''t wood weaker that it is? Why isn''t steel stronger? Why does  glass sometimes shatter and sometimes bend like spring? Why do ships  break in half? What is a liquid and is treacle one? All these are  questions about the nature of materials. All of them are vital to  engineers but also fascinating as scientific problems. During the 250  years up to the 1920s and 1930s they had been answered largely by seeing  how materials behaved in practice. But materials continued to do things  that they ought not to have done. Only in the last 40 years have  these questions begun to be answered by a new approach. Material  scientists have started to look more deeply into the make-up of  materials. They have found many surprises; above all, perhaps, that how a  material behaves depends on how perfectly - or imperfectly - its atoms  are arranged. Using both SI and imperial units, Professor Gordon''s  account of material science is a demonstration of the sometimes curious  and entertaining way","brand":"Penguin Books Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732345729367,"sku":"9780140135978","price":11.69,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780140135978.jpg?v=1719996502"},{"product_id":"magnetism-in-condensed-matter-9780198505914","title":"Magnetism in Condensed Matter","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAn understanding of the quantum mechanical nature of magnetism has led to the development of new magnetic materials which are used as permanent magnets, sensors, and information storage. Behind these practical applications lie a range of fundamental ideas, including symmetry breaking, order parameters, excitations, frustration, and reduced dimensionality.This superb new textbook presents a logical account of these ideas, staring from basic concepts in electromagnetsim and quantum mechanics. It outlines the origin of magnetic moments in atoms and how these moments can be affected by their local environment inside a crystal. The different types of interactions which can be present between magnetic moments are described. The final chapters of the book are devoted to the magnetic properties of metals, and to the complex behaviour which can occur when competing magnetic interactions are present and\/or the system has a reduced dimensionality. Throughout the text, the theorectical principles are applied to real systems. There is substantial discussion of experimental techniques and current reserach topics. The book is copiously illustrated and contains detailed appendices which cover the fundamental principles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eI can warmly recommend this book to anyone considering giving a course on magnetism and for those students of condensed matter physics, who have no access to such a course ... it is also very useful and enjoyable reading for those who have been working in magnetism for some time and have felt the lack of a systematic review of the subject. * Contemporary Physics *\u003cbr\u003e... the reader or student obtains a very thorough and systematic background in which to place the large variety of subject matter. * Contemporary Physics *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Introduction ; 2. Isolated magnetic moments ; 3. Environments ; 4. Interactions ; 5. Order and magnetic structures ; 6. Order and broken symmetry ; 7. Magnetism in metals ; 8. Competing interactions and low dimensionality ; Appendix A: Units in electromagnetism ; Appendix B: Electromagnetism ; Appendix C: Quantum and atomic physics ; Appendix D: Energy in magnetism and demagnetism ; Appendix E: Statistical mechanics ; Appendix F: List of symbols ; Index","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732762898775,"sku":"9780198505914","price":37.04,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198505914.jpg?v=1719998292"},{"product_id":"turbulence-9780198722595","title":"Turbulence","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis is an advanced textbook on the subject of turbulence, and is suitable for engineers, physical scientists and applied mathematicians. The aim of the book is to bridge the gap between the elementary accounts of turbulence found in undergraduate texts, and the more rigorous monographs on the subject. Throughout, the book combines the maximum of physical insight with the minimum of mathematical detail. Chapters 1 to 5 may be appropriate as background material for an advanced undergraduate or introductory postgraduate course on turbulence, while chapters 6 to 10 may be suitable as background material for an advanced postgraduate course on turbulence, or act as a reference source for professional researchers.This second edition covers a decade of advancement in the field, streamlining the original content while updating the sections where the subject has moved on. The expanded content includes large-scale dynamics, stratified \u0026amp; rotating turbulence, the increased power of direct numerical simulation, two-dimensional turbulence, Magnetohydrodynamics, and turbulence in the core of the Earth\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTHE CLASSICAL PICTURE OF TURBULENCE; FREELY-DECAYING, HOMOGENEOUS TURBULENCE; SPECIAL TOPICS","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732770173271,"sku":"9780198722595","price":65.55,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198722595.jpg?v=1719998322"},{"product_id":"the-oxford-solid-state-basics-9780199680771","title":"The Oxford Solid State Basics","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe study of solids is one of the richest, most exciting, and most successful branches of physics. While the subject of solid state physics is often viewed as dry and tedious this new book presents the topic instead as an exciting exposition of fundamental principles and great intellectual breakthroughs. Beginning with a discussion of how the study of heat capacity of solids ushered in the quantum revolution, the author presents the key ideas of the field while emphasizing the deep underlying concepts. The book begins with a discussion of the Einstein\/Debye model of specific heat, and the Drude\/Sommerfeld theories of electrons in solids, which can all be understood without reference to any underlying crystal structure. The failures of these theories force a more serious investigation of microscopics. Many of the key ideas about waves in solids are then introduced using one dimensional models in order to convey concepts without getting bogged down with details. Only then does the book turn to consider real materials. Chemical bonding is introduced and then atoms can be bonded together to crystal structures and reciprocal space results. Diffraction experiments, as the central application of these ideas, are discussed in great detail. From there, the connection is made to electron wave diffraction in solids and how it results in electronic band structure. The natural culmination of this thread is the triumph of semiconductor physics and devices. The final section of the book considers magnetism in order to discuss a range of deeper concepts. The failures of band theory due to electron interaction, spontaneous magnetic orders, and mean field theories are presented well. Finally, the book gives a brief exposition of the Hubbard model that undergraduates can understand. The book presents all of this material in a clear fashion, dense with explanatory or just plain entertaining footnotes. This may be the best introductory book for learning solid state physics. It is certainly the most fun to read.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe style of the book is very accessible for undergraduates. The topics are well motivated and the explanations are clear, helped by a generous set of figures for illustration. This textbook may well establish itself as an alternative to the available classics. * Derek Lee, Imperial College London *\u003cbr\u003eThe author, Steven Simon, is well known as an insightful scientist and an engaging and witty speaker, and it is a pleasure to see how well his talents translate to the printed page. He has re-examined with a modern eye the question of which topics should be covered in a student's first exposure to the physics of solids. My impression is that his presentation of those topics will be accessible for the student, illuminating for the expert, and entertaining for all. * Joel E. Moore, University of California, Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory *\u003cbr\u003eThis textbook provides a clear and compact coverage of essential topics in introductory solid state physics. It also goes beyond the usual introductory level by providing more detailed mathematical treatment, but more importantly by providing a commentary to explain the physical significance of mathematical treatments. * Gavin Mountjoy, University of Kent *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePART I: SOLIDS WITHOUT CONSIDERING MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE: THE EARLY DAYS OF SOLID STATE; PART II: STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS; PART III: TOY MODELS OF SOLIDS IN ONE DIMENSION; PART IV: GEOMETRY OF SOLIDS; PART V: NEUTRON AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION; PART VI: ELECTRONS IN SOLIDS; PART VII: MAGNETISM AND MEAN FIELD THEORIES","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732882403671,"sku":"9780199680771","price":35.14,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199680771.jpg?v=1719998801"},{"product_id":"size-9780241992142","title":"Size","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e''There is no author whose books I look forward to more'' Bill Gates\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe \u003ci\u003eNew York Times \u003c\/i\u003ebestselling author returns with a mind-opening exploration of how size defines life on Earth.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eExplaining the key processes shaping size in nature, society and technology, Smil busts myths around proportions - from bodies to paintings and the so-called golden ratio - tells us what Jonathan Swift got wrong in \u003ci\u003eGulliver''s Travels\u003c\/i\u003e - the giant Brobdingnagian''s legs would buckle under their enormous weight - and dives headfirst into the most contentious issue in ergonomics: the size of aeroplane seats.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIt is no exaggeration to say this fascinating and wide-ranging \u003ci\u003etour de force\u003c\/i\u003e will change the way you look at absolutely everything.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eVaclav Smil is a phenomenon with an appetite for facts over prejudice and fashion. Essential reading for anyone who cares about the future' Lord Norman Foster\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eVaclav Smil is a phenomenon with an appetite for facts over prejudice and fashion. Essential reading for anyone who cares about the future -- eminent architect, Lord Norman Foster\u003cbr\u003eAn endlessly entertaining career through fascinating territory -- Simon Ings * Daily Telegraph *\u003cbr\u003eBoth informative and entertaining . . . I suspect that many \u003ci\u003ePhysics World\u003c\/i\u003e readers would be delighted to find this book waiting for them under the Christmas tree. Indeed, it would be perfect reading material for anyone who enjoys a mathematical analysis of the world around them * Physics World *\u003cbr\u003eIn a world of specialized intellectuals, Smil is an ambitious and astonishing polymath who swings for fences . . . They're among the most data-heavy books you'll find, with a remarkable way of framing basic facts * Wired *\u003cbr\u003eThere is perhaps no other academic who paints pictures with numbers like Smil * Guardian *","brand":"Penguin Books Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48733435986263,"sku":"9780241992142","price":10.44,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780241992142.jpg?v=1720000067"},{"product_id":"neuromuscular-assessments-of-form-and-function-9781071633144","title":"Neuromuscular Assessments of Form and Function","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis volume looks at the latest methods used to study imaging techniques, metabolic tracing, and deep muscle phenotyping. Comprehensive and thorough, Neuromuscular Assessments of Form and Function is a valuable resource for researchers interested in multiple methods used to study skeletal muscle neurophysiology.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eSeries Preface…\u003cbr\u003ePreface…\u003cbr\u003eTable of Contents…\u003cbr\u003eContributing Authors…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1.\tEstimation of Lean Soft Tissue by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry as a Surrogate for Muscle Mass in Health, Obesity, and Sarcopenia\u003cbr\u003eCamila L. P. Oliveira, Ana P. Pagano, M. Cristina Gonzalez, and Carla M. Prado\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e2.\tAnalysis of Skeletal Muscle Mass from Pre-Existing Computed Tomography (CT) Scans\u003cbr\u003eKatherine L. Ford, Bruna Ramos da Silva, Ana Teresa Limon-Miro, and Carla M. Prado\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e3.\tImaging Skeletal Muscle by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)\u003cbr\u003eRobert H. Morris and Craig Sale\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e4.\tImaging of Skeletal Muscle Mass: Ultrasound\u003cbr\u003eMartino V. Franchi and Marco V. Narici\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e5.\tMeasures of Neuromuscular Function\u003cbr\u003eMichael D. Roberts and Jason M. Defreitas\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e6.\tNeuromuscular Function: High-Density Surface Electromyography\u003cbr\u003eEduardo Martinez-Valdes and Francesco Negro\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e7.\tNeuromuscular Function: Intramuscular Electromyography \u003cbr\u003eMathew Piasecki and Daniel W. Stashuk\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e8.\tMagnetic Resonance Quantification of Muscle Phosphocreatine Resynthesis Kinetics during Exercise Recovery: An In Vivo Measure of Mitochondrial Function in Humans\u003cbr\u003eJordan J. McGing, Susan T. Francis, Sébastien Serres, Gordon W. Moran, and Paul L. Greenhaff\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e9.\tImmunohistochemistry, Microscopy, and Image Analysis of Human Muscle Biopsies: Muscle Fibre Denervation as a Working Example\u003cbr\u003eCasper Soendenbroe, Jesper L. Andersen, and Abigail L. Mackey\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e10.\tStable Isotope Tracer Methods for the Measure of Skeletal Muscle Protein Turnover\u003cbr\u003eMatthew S. Brook, Daniel J. Wilkinson, and Ken Smith \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e11.\tEx Vivo Human Single Muscle Fibers: An Insightful Approach to Skeletal Muscle Function\u003cbr\u003eCarlo Reggiani\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e12.\tMyokines, Measurement, and Technical Considerations\u003cbr\u003eCraig R. G. Willis, Colleen S. Deane, and Timothy Etheridge\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e13.\tSkeletal Muscle Satellite Cell Physiology and Function: Complimentary In Vitro and In Vivo Models and Methods\u003cbr\u003eMark Viggars, Andy Nolan, Adam Sharples, and Claire Stewart\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e14.\tUsing the Model Organism Caenorhabditis elegans to Explore Neuromuscular Function\u003cbr\u003eSamantha Hughes and Nathaniel Szewczyk\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e15.\tMethodologies to Quantify Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow\/Perfusion\u003cbr\u003eEleanor J. Jones and Bethan E. Phillips\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSubject Index List… \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Springer-Verlag New York Inc.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48738193211735,"sku":"9781071633144","price":179.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781071633144.jpg?v=1723811807"},{"product_id":"topological-phases-of-matter-9781107105539","title":"Topological Phases of Matter","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTopological Phases of Matter are an exceptionally dynamic field of research: several of the most exciting recent experimental discoveries and conceptual advances in modern physics have originated in this field. These have generated new, topological, notions of order, interactions and excitations. This text provides an accessible, unified and comprehensive introduction to the phenomena surrounding topological matter, with detailed expositions of the underlying theoretical tools and conceptual framework, alongside accounts of the central experimental breakthroughs. Among the systems covered are topological insulators, magnets, semimetals, and superconductors. The emergence of new particles with remarkable properties such as fractional charge and statistics is discussed alongside possible applications such as fault-tolerant topological quantum computing. Suitable as a textbook for graduate or advanced undergraduate students, or as a reference for more experienced researchers, the book ass\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e'… a timely and valuable introduction to the most important theoretical concepts in the topological study of matter … brief treatment of a vast, rapidly evolving subject that currently dominates condensed matter physics … This book is appropriate for physics collections within all university libraries.' M. C. Ogilvie, Choice Connect\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface; Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction; 2. Basic concepts of topology and condensed matter; 3. Integer topological phases; 4. Geometry and topology of wavefunctions in crystals; 5. Hydrogen atoms for fractionalisation; 6. Gauge and topological field theories; 7. Topology in gapless matter; 8. Disorder and defects in topological phases; 9. Topological quantum computation via non-Abelian statistics; 10. Topology out of equilibrium; 11. Symmetry, topology, and information; Appendix; References; Index.","brand":"Cambridge University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48738238923095,"sku":"9781107105539","price":57.94,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781107105539.jpg?v=1723811850"},{"product_id":"the-physics-of-graphene-9781108471640","title":"The Physics of Graphene","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLeading graphene research theorist Mikhail I. Katsnelson systematically presents the basic concepts of graphene physics in this fully revised second edition. The author illustrates and explains basic concepts such as Berry phase, scaling, Zitterbewegung, Kubo, Landauer and Mori formalisms in quantum kinetics, chirality, plasmons, commensurate-incommensurate transitions and many others. Open issues and unsolved problems introduce the reader to the latest developments in the field. New achievements and topics presented include the basic concepts of Van der Waals heterostructures, many-body physics of graphene, electronic optics of Dirac electrons, hydrodynamics of electron liquid and the mechanical properties of one atom-thick membranes. Building on an undergraduate-level knowledge of quantum and statistical physics and solid-state theory, this is an important graduate textbook for students in nanoscience, nanotechnology and condensed matter. For physicists and material scientists workin\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e'This is an excellent text on the theory of graphene. The book deserves a place on the shelf of any researcher into the theory of graphene.' A. H. Harker, Contemporary Physics\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface to the second edition; Preface to the first edition; 1. The electronic structure of ideal graphene; 2. Electron states in a magnetic field; 3. Quantum transport via evanescent waves; 4. The Klein paradox and chiral tunnelling; 5. Edges, nanoribbons and quantum dots; 6. Point defects; 7. Optics and response functions; 8. The Coulomb problem; 9. Crystal lattice dynamics, structure and thermodynamics; 10. Gauge fields and strain engineering; 11. Scattering mechanisms and transport properties; 12. Spin effects and magnetism; 13. Graphene on hexagonal boron nitride; 14. Twisted bilayer graphene; 15. Many-body effects in graphene; References; Index.","brand":"Cambridge University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48738302656855,"sku":"9781108471640","price":72.19,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781108471640.jpg?v=1723811905"},{"product_id":"rigid-body-kinematics-9781108479073","title":"Rigid Body Kinematics","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMaster the conceptual, theoretical and practical aspects of kinematics with this exhaustive text, which provides a rigorous analysis and description of general motion in mechanical systems, with numerous examples from spinning tops to wheel ground-vehicles. Over 400 figures illustrate the main ideas and provide a geometrical interpretation and a deeper understanding of concepts, and exercises and problems throughout the text provide additional hands-on practice.  Ideal for students taking courses on rigid body kinematics, and an invaluable reference for researchers.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e'The Rigid Body Kinematics book by Batlle and Barjau presents the concepts of kinematics for points, rigid bodies and multibody systems with a depth and thoroughness which is not common in textbooks nowadays. This is a very good text for readers who look for a very solid foundation on their understanding of kinematics. The language is accessible and the quiz questions included are a good and quick way for the reader to test their understanding of each chapter.' Alba Pérez Gracia, Polytechnic University of Catalonia\u003cbr\u003e'Rigid Body Kinematics provides a clear and comprehensive account of the kinematics of rigid bodies in three-dimensional space, built from the ground up. It doesn't cut corners nor shies away from difficult topics: if you need a thorough understanding of how to analyze the movement of mechanical systems, this is your book. Its content has been honed by decades of continuous improvement. It was foundational for those of us lucky enough to be exposed to it by Professors Batlle and Barjau, providing many pleasant aha! moments when it made many previously disjoint ideas fit into a beautiful coherent whole.' Juan Reyero, Thestarmaps.com\u003cbr\u003e'I've been following the authors' teaching practices and materials since I started teaching mechanics to future engineers more than 30 years ago. This is a nicely updated English translation of the authors' teaching materials developed along an entire life devoted to the teaching of mechanics of particles and rigid bodies. With a rigorous but clear style, the book tenderly covers all the relevant kinematics concepts required for engineers at different levels, paving the ground for an advanced dynamics course. Plenty of inspiring examples and exercises, it uses a clear and explicit notation and language. I found this style inspiring in my multibody dynamics teaching practice. Definitely, my first choice as a teaching reference book.' Javier Ros, Public University of Navarre (UPNA)\u003cbr\u003e'Rigid Body Kinematics is … very original in the way in which its relevant principles are presented. An essential textbook for engineering students. The originality of the [book] is in the applications it makes of the fundamental principles of Classical Mechanics to practical cases. It is beautifully illustrated with realistic schemes, [and with] clear and easily understandable text…' Maria Rosario Isabel Lopez Hermoso, University of Barcelona\u003cbr\u003e'This book can serve as an excellent standard text at the advanced undergraduate level … Highly recommended.' M. O. Farooq, Choice\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Space and time; 2. Particle kinematics; 3. Rigid body kinematics; 4. Introduction to mechanical systems kinematics.","brand":"Cambridge University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48738305081687,"sku":"9781108479073","price":75.04,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781108479073.jpg?v=1723811909"},{"product_id":"manybody-theory-of-condensed-matter-systems-9781108488242","title":"ManyBody Theory of Condensed Matter Systems","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn this primer to the many-body theory of condensed-matter systems, the authors introduce the subject to the non-specialist in a broad, concise, and up-to-date manner. This book is suitable non-specialist students and researchers in physics, materials science, chemistry, or applied mathematics who want to use the tools of many-body theory.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e'This textbook for physics graduate courses introduces some of the mathematical methods used in applying the many-body theory of condensed matter. Researchers in other disciplines who desire to apply these methods in materials science, chemistry, or applied mathematics will appreciate …' F. Potter, Choice\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface; Abbreviations; 1. Introduction to second quantization; 2. Time evolution and equations of motion; 3. Formal properties of Green's functions; 4. Exact methods for Green's function; 5. Green's functions using decoupling methods; 6. Linear response theory and Green's functions; 7. Green's functions for localized excitations; 8. Diagrammatic perturbation methods; 9. Applications of diagrammatic methods; References; Index.","brand":"Cambridge University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48738310390103,"sku":"9781108488242","price":50.34,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"mechanical-properties-and-performance-of-engineering-ceramics-and-composites-x-9781119211280","title":"Mechanical Properties and Performance of","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe \u003ci\u003eCeramic Engineering and Science Proceeding\u003c\/i\u003e has been published by The American Ceramic Society since 1980. This series contains a collection of papers dealing with issues in both traditional ceramics (i.e., glass, whitewares, refractories, and porcelain enamel) and advanced ceramics. Topics covered in the area of advanced ceramic include bioceramics, nanomaterials, composites, solid oxide fuel cells, mechanical properties and structural design, advanced ceramic coatings, ceramic armor, porous ceramics, and more.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface vii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction ix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInternational Standards for Properties and Performance of Advanced Ceramics 1\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eMichael G. Jenkins, Jonathan A. Salem, John Helfinstine, George D. Quinn,\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eand Stephen T. Gonczy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTensile Creep and Rupture Behavior of Different Fiber Content and Type Single Tow SiC\/SiC Minicomposites 11\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eAmjad Almansour, Emmanuel Maillet, and Gregory N. Morscher\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOptical Deformation Analysis of Alumina Based Wound Highly Porous CMCs 21\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eS. Hackemann and J. Wischek\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectrical Resistance and Acoustic Emission during Fatigue Testing of SiC\/SiC Composites 33\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eZipeng Han and Gregory N. Morscher\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTi-Based Ceramic Composite Processing using Hybrid Centrifugal Thermite Assisted Technique 41\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eReza Mahmoodian, M.A. Hassan, and Mohd Hamdi Bin Abd Shukor\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCeramic Matrix Composites: Residual Tensile Testing after Intermediate Temperature Oxidation 49\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eG. Ojard, I. Smyth, U. Santhosh, Y. Gowayed, and D. C. Jarmon\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCeramic Matrix Composites: Effect of Defects on Fatigue and Nondestructive Evaluation 59\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eI. Smyth, G. Ojard, N. Magdefrau, U. Santhosh, J. Ahmad, and Y. Gowayed\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffect of Particle Loading on Properties, Damping, and Wear of Al\/SiC MMCs 65\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eS. Salamone, B. Givens, K. Kremer, and M. Aghajanian\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNovel Application of Fractal Analysis in Refractory Composite Microsturctural Characterization 73\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eAnja Terzi , Vojislav Miti , Ljubiša Koci , Zagorka Radojevi , and Snežana\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003ePašali\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHardmetals based on Niobium Carbide (NbC) versus Casted NbC Bearing MMCs 87\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eMathias Woydt and Hardy Mohrbacher\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeight Loss Mechanism of (La\u003csub\u003e0.8\u003c\/sub\u003eSr\u003csub\u003e0.2\u003c\/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e0.98\u003c\/sub\u003eMnO\u003csub\u003e3±δ\u003c\/sub\u003e during Thermal Cycles 93\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eShadi Darvish, Ali Karbasi, Surendra K. Saxena, and Yu Zhong\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEngineering Application of Menger Sponge 101\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eR. Kitazawa\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAuthor Index 109\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48738358198615,"sku":"9781119211280","price":156.56,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119211280.jpg?v=1723811970"},{"product_id":"78th-conference-on-glass-problems-9781119519645","title":"78th Conference on Glass Problems","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe 78th Glass Problem Conference (GPC) including the 11th Advances in Fusion and Processing of Glass (AFPG) Symposium is organized by the Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering, The New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred University, Alfred, NY 14802 and The Glass Manufacturing Industry Council (GMIC), Westerville, OH 43082. The Program Director was S. K. Sundaram, Inamori Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering, The New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred University, Alfred, NY 14802. The Conference Director was Robert Weisenburger Lipetz, Executive Director, Glass Manufacturing Industry Council (GMIC), Westerville, OH 43082. Donna Banks of the GMIC coordinated the events and provided support. The Conference started with a half-day plenary session followed by technical sessions. The themes and chairs of four half-day technical sessions were as follows:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eModeling, Sensors, and Furnace Design\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eJames Uhlik, Toledo Engine\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eForeword ix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e78th GLASS PROBLEMS CONFERENCE \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003eModeling, Sensors, and Furnace Design\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOptimization of Regenerator Design 5\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eOscar Verheijen, Luuk Thielen, Goetz Heilemann, and Elias Carrillo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlass Defects Identification using a Mass Spectrometer, SEMEDX Microanalysis and HTO Analysis 13\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMartina Jezikova, Filip Janos, Jiri Ullrich, and Erik Muijsenberg\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA New Radiometric Measurement Device for the Temperature of Ribbon Zones in Tin Bath and Lehrs 29\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eWolf Kuhn\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurnace Design and Equipment for Extended Furnace Life 39\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eChristoph Jatzauk\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUse of Continuous Infrared Temperature Image to Optimize Furnace Operations 4\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eNeil G. Simpson, Mark Bennett, and S. Fiona Turner\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRefractories \u0026amp; Testing\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcceptance Test of Fused Cast AZS Sidewall Blocks using Ground Penetrating Radar 59\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDan Swiler and Daniel Ragland\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew Industry Standard in Furnace Inspection 75\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eYakup Bayram, Jon Wechsel, and Elmer Sperry\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCombustion\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDesign and Implementation of OPTIMELT™ Heat Recovery for an Oxy-Fuel Furnace at Libbey Leerdam 89\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eM. van Valburg and E. Sperry, S. Laux, R. Bell, A. Francis, and H. Kobayashi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaintaining Full Production in Furnaces with Failing Regenerators using Oxy-Fuel Combustion 99\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eWilliam J. Horan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeat-Oxy-Combustion Bi-Fuel Burner - Heavy Fuel Oil Trials 111\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eS. Juma, X. Paubel, T. Kang, and L. Jarry\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEnvironmental \u0026amp; Safety\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlass Furnace Catalytic Ceramic Filter Installation and Operation Experience 123\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eWeijian Chen and Martin Schroter\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlassil Dustshield™: A Materials Engineering Solution to Meet OSHA’S New Respirable Silica Regulations 157\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eGreg Bedford, Ashley Rich, Emma Hansen, and John Jackson\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeadly Dust: Reducing the Risks of Silica Dust in Glass Working Operations 165\u003ci\u003e\u003cbr\u003eGreg Carmichael\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew Approach to Safety Estimation of Heat Soak Tested Thermally Toughened Safety Glass 169\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndreas M. Kasper\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eADVANCES IN FUSION AND PROCESSING OF GLASS SYMPOSIUM\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDesign of SLS Compositions for Accelerated Chemical Strengthening\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eWilliam C. LaCourse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWarp Reduction in Thin Chemically Strengthened Float Glasses 191\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eArun K. Varshneya\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResearch and Development of New Energy-Saving, Environmentally Friendly Fiber Glass Technology 201\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eHong Li\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Relation between Furnace Efficiency and the Physics and Chemistry of the Melting Process 221\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eReinhard Conradt\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGyrotron Based Melting 233\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003ePaul P. Woskov\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow the Industrial Revolution 4.0 Will Impact the Glass Industry Image Analysis that is Part of ES 4.0 is a Key Component towards Industry 4.0 247\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eErick Muijsenberg\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eModification of the Glass Surface during Manufacturing 263\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJ.W. McCamy, A. Ganjoo, and C-H Hung\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48738361147735,"sku":"9781119519645","price":168.26,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119519645.jpg?v=1723811974"},{"product_id":"mechanics-of-materials-si-edition-9781292725734","title":"Mechanics of Materials SI Edition","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp style=\"margin:\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eR. C. Hibbeler\u003c\/b\u003e graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana with a BS in Civil Engineering (majoring in Structures) and an MS in Nuclear Engineering. He obtained his PhD in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics from Northwestern University. Professor Hibbeler's professional experience includes postdoctoral work in reactor safety and analysis at Argonne National Laboratory, and structural and stress analysis work at Chicago Bridge and Iron, as well as at Sargent and Lundy in Chicago. He has practiced engineering in Ohio, New York, and Louisiana.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp style=\"margin:\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp style=\"margin:\"\u003eProfessor Hibbeler currently teaches both civil and mechanical engineering courses at the University of LouisianaLafayette. In the past, he has taught at the University of Illinois at Urbana, Youngstown State University, Illinois Institute of Technology, and Union College.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp style=\"margin:\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eStress\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.1 Introduction\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.2 Equilibrium of a Deformable Body\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.3 Stress\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.4 Average Normal Stress in an Axially Loaded Bar\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.5 Average Shear Stress\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.6 Allowable Stress Design\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.7 Limit State Design\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eStrain\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.1 Deformation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.2 Strain\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanical Properties of Materials\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3.1 The Tension and Compression Test\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3.2 The Stress--Strain Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3.3 Stress--Strain Behavior of Ductile and Brittle Materials\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3.4 Strain Energy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3.5 Poisson's Ratio\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3.6 The Shear Stress--Strain Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*3.7 Failure of Materials Due to Creep and Fatigue\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAxial Load\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.1 Saint-Venant's Principle\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.2 Elastic Deformation of an Axially Loaded Member\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.3 Principle of Superposition\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.4 Statically Indeterminate Axially Loaded Members\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.5 The Force Method of Analysis for Axially Loaded Members\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.6 Thermal Stress\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.7 Stress Concentrations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*4.8 Inelastic Axial Deformation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*4.9 Residual Stress\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTorsion\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5.1 Torsional Deformation of a Circular Shaft\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5.2 The Torsion Formula\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5.3 Power Transmission\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5.4 Angle of Twist\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5.5 Statically Indeterminate Torque-Loaded Members\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*5.6 Solid Noncircular Shafts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*5.7 Thin-Walled Tubes Having Closed Cross Sections\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5.8 Stress Concentration\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*5.9 Inelastic Torsion\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*5.10 Residual Stress\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBending\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.1 Shear and Moment Diagrams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.2 Graphical Method for Constructing Shear and Moment Diagrams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.3 Bending Deformation of a Straight Member\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.4 The Flexure Formula\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.5 Unsymmetric Bending\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*6.6 Composite Beams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*6.7 Reinforced Concrete Beams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*6.8 Curved Beams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.9 Stress Concentrations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*6.10 Inelastic Bending\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTransverse Shear\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7.1 Shear in Straight Members\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7.2 The Shear Formula\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7.3 Shear Flow in Built-Up Members\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7.4 Shear Flow in Thin-Walled Members\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*7.5 Shear Center for Open Thin-Walled Members\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCombined Loadings\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8.1 Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8.2 State of Stress Caused by Combined Loadings\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eStress Transformation\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9.1 Plane-Stress Transformation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9.2 General Equations of Plane-Stress Transformation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9.3 Principal Stresses and Maximum In-Plane Shear Stress\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9.4 Mohr's Circle-Plane Stress\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9.5 Absolute Maximum Shear Stress\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eStrain Transformation\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10.1 Plane Strain\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10.2 General Equations of Plane-Strain Transformation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*10.3 Mohr's Circle-Plane Strain\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*10.4 Absolute Maximum Shear Strain\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10.5 Strain Rosettes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10.6 Material Property Relationships\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*10.7 Theories of Failure\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDesign of Beams and Shafts\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e11.1 Basis for Beam Design\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e11.2 Prismatic Beam Design\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*11.3 Fully Stressed Beams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*11.4 Shaft Design\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDeflection of Beams and Shafts\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12.1 The Elastic Curve\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12.2 Slope and Displacement by Integration\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*12.3 Discontinuity Functions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*12.4 Slope and Displacement by the Moment-Area Method\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12.5 Method of Superposition\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12.6 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12.7 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts - Method of Integration\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*12.8 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts - Moment-Area Method\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12.9 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts - Method of Superposition\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBuckling of Columns\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e13.1 Critical Load\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e13.2 Ideal Column with Pin Supports\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e13.3 Columns Having Various Types of Supports\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*13.4 The Secant Formula\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*13.5 Inelastic Buckling\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*13.6 Design of Columns for Concentric Loading\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*13.7 Design of Columns for Eccentric Loading\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnergy Methods\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e14.1 External Work and Strain Energy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e14.2 Elastic Strain Energy for Various Types of Loading\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e14.3 Impact Loading\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*14.4 Principle of Virtual Work\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*14.5 Method of Virtual Forces Applied to Trusses\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*14.6 Method of Virtual Forces Applied to Beams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*14.7 Castigliano's Theorem\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*14.8 Castigliano's Theorem Applied to Trusses\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e*14.9 Castigliano's Theorem Applied to Beams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e  \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e  APPENDICES  \u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeometric Properties of an Area\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeometric Properties of Structural Shapes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSlopes and Deflections of Beams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e  \u003cp\u003eFundamental Problems Partial Solutions and Answers\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003eSelected Answers\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003eIndex\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003eSections of the book that contain more advanced material are indicated by a star (*).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pearson Education Limited","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48738552414551,"sku":"9781292725734","price":62.69,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781292725734.jpg?v=1723812137"},{"product_id":"crc-concise-encyclopedia-of-nanotechnology-9781466580343","title":"CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cb\u003eCRC\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003e \u003c\/i\u003e\u003cb\u003eConcise Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology \u003c\/b\u003esets the standard against which all other references of this nature are measured. As such, it is a major resource for both skilled professionals and novices to nanotechnology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe book examines the design, application, and utilization of devices, techniques, and technologies critical to research at the atomic, molecular, and macromolecular levels ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMore than three dozen specific topics are examined, including\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003enanomaterials, nanocatalysts, nanoceramics, nanocrystals, carbon nanotubes, drug delivery, nanopolymers, nanoparticles, nanocoatings, and nanomedicine. The material is presented in a concise manner and has been updated to reflect the latest applications and research findings.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEntries are organized alphabetically, making information easy to find. While coverage is comprehensive, each topic is presented concisely with a wealth of illustrative mate\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAntimicrobial Activity: Antibacterial Properties of Silver Nanomaterials. Aquatic Species: Interaction of Nanoparticles with Aquatic Species. Arc Discharge: Arc Discharge Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials for Energy Device Application. Battery: Nanobattery by Atom Trapping and Bottom-Up Technique. Biomimetics: Biomimetics in Nanotechnology. Bone Repair: Nanohydroxyapatite as a Bone Repair Material. Boron Nanostructures: All-Boron Nanostructures. Boron Nanostructures: Boron Nitride Nanostructures. Catalysis: Nanocatalyst—Preparation, Characterization, and Their Application in Oil and Gas Processes. Catalysis: Nanoparticles and Catalysis. Catalysis: Molybdenum-Based Hybrid Nanocatalysts. Ceramics: Nanoceramics. Crystals: Structure and Microstructure of Nanocrystals Using the Debye Function Analysis. Defects: Defects in Carbon Nanotubes. Dendrimers: Dendrimers-DNA Nanoplexes. Dielectrics: Optics of Dielectric Nanoobjects and Nanosystems. Drug Delivery: LyoCell® Technology—A Lipidic Drug Delivery System Based on Reverse Cubic and Hexagonal Phase Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles. Encapsulation: Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes for Doxorubicin Encapsulation. Nanopolymers for Enzyme Immobilization Applications. Filtration: Frontiers of the Engineering and Science of Nanofiltration—A Far-Reaching Review. Fullerenes: Donor-Acceptor Fullerene Complexes Based on Metal Porphyrins. Glass: Nanoglass. Graphene: Three-Dimensional Graphene—A Prospective Architecture for High-Performance Supercapacitors. Graphene: Nonreciprocity in Magnetically Biased Graphene at Microwave and Terahertz Frequencies. Graphene Oxide: Grafting Biomolecules onto Graphene Oxide Sheets. Greener Synthesis: Greener Aspects in the Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles. Health Care: Nanomaterial Applications in Health-Care Diagnostics. Hybrid Nanomaterials: Organic-Inorganic Hybrid and Biohybrid Nanomaterials. Hydrophylic Nanoparticles: Hydrophilic Polymer\/Silica Hybrid Nanoparticles—An Overview of a Novel Synthesis Strategy and Its Application in the Proton Exchange Membrane. Ignition: Ignition and Explosion Risks of Nanopowders. Impedance Spectroscopy: Impedance Spectroscopy of Nanomaterials. Iron Oxide: Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. Kelvin Probe: Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy as a Tool for the Characterization of Nanomaterials. Lab-on-a-Chip Technologies: Recent Lab-on-a-Chip Technologies for Biomolecule Analysis. Laser Ablation: Laser Ablation Synthesis in Solution-Based Production and Biofunctionalization of Nanostructures. Lithography: Nanofabrication with Nanosphere Lithography. Medical Applications: Potential Applications and Implications of Nanoparticles in Biology and Medicine. Melanoma Prevention: Challenges and Progresses in Nanotechnology for Melanoma Prevention and Treatment. Membranes: Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes for Wastewater Purification. Metal Nanoparticles: Metallic Nanoparticles Used in Soil Remediation Procedures. Metal Nanostructures: Size Effect on the Impact Responses of Metal Nanostructures. Metal Oxides: Macromolecular Complexes MXn Polymer as a Solid-State Precursor of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanostructures. Metal Oxides: Nanostructured Metal Oxides for Gas Sensing Applications. Micelles: Micellar Nanoparticles. Micelles: Reverse Micelles—Designer Nanoparticles for Investigative Catalysis. Microwaves: Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Nanoparticles. Nanoadsorbents: Nanoadsorbents for Water Protection. Nanocarriers as Nanomedicine: A Promising Platform for Drug Delivery in Nanopharmaceuticals. Nanocoatings: Nanomaterials and Nanostructures Coatings Fabrication Using Detonation and Plasma Detonation Techniques. Nanocoatings: Technology of Fabrication of Nanostructure (Nanocomposite) Coatings with High Physical and Mechanical Properties Using C-PVD. Nanocomposites: Thermal Analysis and Functional Statistics on Nanocomposite Characterization. Nanodelivery Vehicles: Milk Proteins as Nanodelivery Vehicles for Nutraceuticals and Drugs. Nanofactories: Microbes as Nanofactories. Nanodiamond: Growth and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Diamond Films on Different Substrates. Nanoemulsions: Biobased Oil Nanoemulsion Preparation, Characterization, and Application. Nanoemulsion-Based Systems for Food Applications. Nanofluids: Basic Principles and Modern Aspects. Nanofluids: Fractal Analysis of Flow and Heat Transfer of Nanofluids. Nanofluids: Potential Future Coolants. Nanoindentation. Nanomedicine: Small Steps, Big Effects. Nanoonions: Carbon Nanoonions. Nanorobots: Engineering Nanorobots—Past, Present, and Future Perspectives. Nanosuspension: An Emerging and Promising Approach to Drug Delivery for the Enhancement of the Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drugs. Nanothermometers: Luminescent Nanothermometers for Biological Applications. Nanotoxicology: Toxicology of Nanomaterials—The Dawn of Nanotoxicology. Nanotribology: Green Nanotribology and Related Sustainability Aspects. Nanowires: Nanowires for Very-Low-Power Integrated Circuits and New Functionalities. Oxide Nanoparticles: Functionalization and Applications of Oxide Nanoparticles. Plasmonics: Faster than Electronics and Smaller than Photonics. Polyaniline: Polyaniline Nanofibers and Nanotubes—Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Their Properties. Polymers: Electrochemical Formation of Nanostructured Conducting Polymers. Polymers: Single-Chain Polymer Nanoparticles. Polymers: UV-Cured Polymer Nanocomposites. Radiation Synthesis: Radiation Methods of Nanomaterials Production. Semiconductor Nanomaterials: Photo Catalytic Characteristics of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Nanomaterials. Silver Nanoparticles: Potential Hazards of Silver Nanoparticles to the Environment and Human Health. Spinels: Synthesis and Properties of Magnetic Spinel AB2O4 Phases. Superlattices: Superlattice Structure of Low-Dimensional Carbon Systems. Superlattices: Design of InAs\/GaSb Superlattices for Optoelectronic Applications—Basic Theory and Numerical Methods. Supramolecular Architectures: Supramolecular Architectures from Self-Assembled Copolymers. Thermal Conductivity: Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids in Stationary and Dynamic Systems. Titanium Dioxide: Nanosized TiO2—Synthesis and Application. Water Remediation: Water Remediation Using Nano-Zerovalent Metals. Water Splitting: Layered Manganese Oxides as Water-Oxidizing Catalysts for Hydrogen Production via Water Splitting—An Aid to Environmental Protection. Wire Explosion: Spherical Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by the Electrical Explosion of Wire—Synthesis and Application. Zinc Oxide: Photoluminescence Properties of Pure and Doped Zinc Oxide Nanostructures. Zinc Oxide: Recent Trends in the Electrochemical Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nano-colloids.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Taylor \u0026 Francis Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48739352805719,"sku":"9781466580343","price":270.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781466580343.jpg?v=1720051993"},{"product_id":"chromic-phenomena-technological-applications-of-colour-chemistry-9781782628156","title":"Chromic Phenomena: Technological Applications of","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eChromic or colour related phenomena are produced in response to a chemical or physical stimulus. This new edition will update the information on all those areas where chemicals or materials interact with light to produce colour, a colour change, or luminescence especially in the imaging, analysis, lighting and display areas. The book has been restructured to show greater emphasis on applications where 'coloured' compounds are used to transfer energy or manipulate light in some way therefore reducing the details on classical dyes and pigments.   In the past eight years, since the previous edition, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of papers and reviews being produced reflecting the growth of interest in this area. This ongoing research interest is matched by a large number of new technological applications gaining commercial value covering e.g. biomedical areas, energy, data storage, physical colour, bio-inspired materials and photonics. This book appeals to industrial chemists, professionals, postgraduates and as high level recommended reading for colour technology courses.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePart 1 Colour Change Phenomena and their Applications - Introduction; Photochromism; Thermochromism; Ionochromism: Halochromism, Acidochromism and Metallochromism; Electrochromism; Gasochromism; Solvatochromism; Vapochromism; Mechanochromism; Chromic Phenomena via Aggregation; Miscellaneous Chromisms; Colour Change and Nanoplasmonics; Electrophoretic Displays; Part 2 Luminescent Materials and their Applications - Introduction; Photochromism; Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence; Electrochemiluminescence; Electroluminescence; Mechanoluminescence; Incandescence; Part 3 Light Processing Materials in Biomedical, Energy and Other Applications - Introduction; Near-Infrared Absorbers and Their Applications; Optical Data Storage; Organic Photoconductors; Photosensitisers; Photosensitisers in Medicine and Chemical Biology; Solar Energy Utilisation; Conversion of Light into Kinetic Energy; Part 4 Light Manipulation Materials, Structural Colours and Photonics; Introduction; Liquid Crystal Materials and Their Uses; Colours from Physical Effects; Holography; Laser Diodes; Nonlinear Optics; Photorefractive Polymers; Organic Chromophores used as Commercial Dyes and Pigments; Increase in the Number of Relevant Scientific Publications; Subject Index","brand":"Royal Society of Chemistry","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48741114052951,"sku":"9781782628156","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"ultrasonics-and-materials-science-for-advanced-technology-9781783325467","title":"Ultrasonics and Materials Science for Advanced","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Alpha Science International Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48741167300951,"sku":"9781783325467","price":67.46,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781783325467.jpg?v=1720056785"},{"product_id":"nitroxides-synthesis-properties-and-applications-9781788017527","title":"Nitroxides: Synthesis, Properties and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNitroxides are versatile small organic molecules possessing a stabilised free radical. With their unpaired electron spin they display a unique reactivity towards various environmental factors, enabling a diverse range of applications. They have uses as synthetic tools, such as catalysts or building blocks; imaging agents and probes in biomedicine and materials science; for medicinal antioxidant applications; and in energy storage. Polynitroxides (polymers bearing pendant nitroxide sidechains) have been used in organic radical batteries, oxidation catalysts and in exchange reactions for constructing complex architectures. Chapters in this book cover the synthesis of nitroxides, EPR studies and magnetic resonance applications, physiochemical studies, and applications including in batteries, imaging and organic synthesis. With contributions from leaders in the field, Nitroxides will be of interest to graduate students and researchers across chemistry, physics, biology and materials science.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA Brief History and Outlook of Nitroxides; General Approaches to Synthesis of Nitroxides; The Application of Nitroxides in Organic Synthesis; Sprin Probes and Imaging Using Nitroxides; Nitroxides in Battery-related Applications; Computational Tools for Nitroxide Design; Nitroxide-mediated Polymerization; Nitroxides in Supramolecular Chemistry; Magnetism of Nitroxides; Applications of Nitroxide Spin Labels to Structural Biology; Nitroxides in Liquid Crystals; Nitroxide Intervention in Oxidative and Free Radical Damage in Biology and Disease; Spin Trapping; Biological Applications of Nitroxide Stable Free Radicals; Introduction to Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) of Nitroxides","brand":"Royal Society of Chemistry","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48741569266007,"sku":"9781788017527","price":170.05,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781788017527.jpg?v=1720057997"},{"product_id":"sticking-together-the-science-of-adhesion-9781788018043","title":"Sticking Together: The Science of Adhesion","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis popular science title covers adhesion science in an easily accessible entertaining manner. As well as outlining types of adhesion and their importance in everyday life, the book covers interesting future applications of adhesion and inspiration taken from nature. Ideal for students and the scientifically minded reader this book provides a fascinating introduction to the science of what makes things stick.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe reason this book is excellent is that we totally under-appreciate how important adhesives are in our everyday lives. -- Brian Clegg * Popular Science *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction; Background Ideas; Sticking like a Gecko; How Stuck is Stuck?; Strong Adhesion; Strong Adhesion with Weak Polymers; Sticking Other Things Together; Watching Paint Dry; Sticking in 3D; Not Sticking; How Nature Sticks Things","brand":"Royal Society of Chemistry","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48741569593687,"sku":"9781788018043","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"electrolytes-interfaces-and-interphases-fundamentals-and-applications-in-batteries-9781839163104","title":"Electrolytes, Interfaces and Interphases:","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eElectrolytes are indispensable components in electrochemistry and the fast-growing electrochemical energy storage markets. Research in electrolytes has witnessed exponential growth in recent years, accompanied by their applications in the most popular electrochemical cell ever invented, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In myriads of LIBs, electrolytes and their interphases determine how high the voltage of a battery is, how many times it can be charged\/discharged, or how rapid the energy stored therein could be released. The conquest of further technical challenges around safety, life and cost-effectiveness of lithium-based or beyond-lithium batteries requires in-depth understanding of electrolytes and interphases. This will be the authoritative textbook for those entering the field. Chapters will establish the fundamental principles for the field, before moving onto important knowledge acquired in recent years. There will be special emphasis on linking these fundamentals to real-world problems encountered in devices, especially lithium-ion batteries. The book will be suitable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in electrochemical energy storage, electrochemistry, materials science and engineering, as well as researchers new to the subject.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhat is an Electrolyte?;Modern Electrolytes;In Bulk Electrolytes: Ionics;Quantification of Ion–Ion Interaction: Debye-Hückel Theory;Ion Transport in Electrolytes; When Electrolyte Meets Electrodes: Interface;Linking Ionics with Electrodics;When Electrode Operates Beyond Electrolyte Stability Limits: Interphase;Electrochemical Devices;Lithium-metal, Lithium-ion and Other Batteries;Phase Diagrams of Liquid Electrolytes;Ion Solvation;Static Stability of Electrolytes;Ion Transport;Interfaces;Interphases;New Concepts and Tools;Outlook","brand":"Royal Society of Chemistry","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48741984764247,"sku":"9781839163104","price":85.5,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781839163104.jpg?v=1720059564"},{"product_id":"integrated-product-development-with-fiber-reinforced-polymers-9783030734060","title":"Integrated Product Development with","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book presents the basics of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP). The author presents the material-specific advantages of FRP and the typical areas of their application. The problems created by conventional, non-integrating product development are listed and the author states how these problems are potentially overcome by integrated product development (IPD). In addition, it is explained why IPD is of particular importance for FRP. An approach to IPD for FRP-parts is presented. It is explained step by step how a catalogue of requirements is defined as well as how this basis is used to develop a concept, a design, and a final construction. Simple but effective methods for the selection of fiber materials, semi-finished products and manufacturing processes are highlighted in this book. A concluding chapter describes an approach to techno-economic evaluation. Throughout the book, practical application examples show the reader how to put the gained knowledge into practice.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eContent I\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003eList of used akronyms. V\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003eList of used formula symbols (latin) IX\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003eList of used formula symbols (greek) XIV\u003c\/p\u003e  Preface. 1\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e1...... Introduction.. 3\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e1.1    Abstract 3\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e1.2    Basic mechanicle principle of Fiber-reinforced Polymers (FRP) 3\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e1.3    Applications of FRP.. 7\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e1.4    Product Development vs. Integrated Product Development (IPD) 15\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e1.5    Methods of IPD.. 19\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e1.6    Relevance of IPD for FRP.. 22\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e1.7    Questions. 25\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e1.8    References. 26\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e2...... Realization of an Integrated Product Development 30\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e2.1    Abstract 30\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e2.2    The development team.. 30\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e2.3    Procedure and division of tasks for the IPD with FRP.. 35\u003c\/p\u003e  3...... Phase 1: Definition of the Catalogue of Requirements. 44\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.1    Abstract 44\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.2    Overview.. 44\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.3    Types and sources for requirements. 45\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.4    Risks when defining requiremtens. 47\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.5    Tools the identification and specification of requriements. 49\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.5.1       Guideline with main list of characteristics. 50\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.5.2       Szenario technique. 52\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.5.3       Identification of functions and functional structures. 53\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.6    Guidelines and requriement catalogues for FRP-components. 55\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.6.1       Guidline „Design“ 55\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.6.2       Guideline „Manufacturing“ 57\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.6.3       Guideline “Materials” 59\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.6.4       Full catalogue of requirements. 60\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.7    Questions. 64\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e3.8    References. 64\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4...... Phase 2: Concept \u0026amp; Draft 66\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.1    Abstract 66\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.2    Overview.. 66\u003c\/p\u003e  4.3    Basics of product development with FRP.. 67\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.3.1       Relevance of Fiber volume content 67\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.3.2       Relevance of fiber length and orientation.. 69\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.3.3       Laminate built-up. 73\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.3.4       Laminate coding. 80\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.3.5       FRP-design principles. 82\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.3.6       Advantages and disadvantages of FRP.. 86\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.4    Definition of critical load cases and derivation of requriement for geometry and material 87\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.5    Selection of fiber material and structure of fiber reinforcement 92\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.5.1       Fiber materials. 92\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.5.2       Structure of fiber reinforcement 97\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.5.3       Material properties for initial design.. 99\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.5.4       Selcetion procedure. 107\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.6    Initial design.. 115\u003c\/p\u003e  4.7    Development of a manufacturing concept 116\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.7.1       Basics of FRP manufacturing. 117\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.7.2       Manufacturing processes. 119\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.7.3       Process selection.. 152\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.8    Decision concerning polymer class: thermoplastic or thermoset?. 157\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.9    Definition of the full draft 162\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.10 Decision about drafts to be further considered. 163\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.11 Questions. 165\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e4.12 References. 167\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5...... Phase 3: Technical Elaboration.. 174\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.1    Abstract 174\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.2    Overview.. 174\u003c\/p\u003e  5.3    Materials. 174\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.3.1       Selection of semi-finished products. 175\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.3.2       Selection of matrix polymer 205\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.3.3       Characterization of material properties. 212\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.4    Detailed Design.. 217\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.4.1       Design to manufacture. 218\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.4.2       Design to join.. 229\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.4.3       Design to repair 234\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.4.4       Sustainable design.. 237\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.5    Elaboration of manufacturing concept 247\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.5.1       Selection of facilities. 247\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.5.2       Process design.. 251\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.5.3       QA and damage detection.. 264\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.6    Question.. 275\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e5.7    Reference. 276\u003c\/p\u003e  6...... Phase 4: Evaluation and decision.. 284\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e6.1    Abstract 284\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e6.2    Overview.. 284\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e6.3    Economic Evaluation.. 285\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e6.4    Prototyping and compontent testing. 295\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e6.5    Optional: Design optimization.. 296\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e6.6    Final comparison to catalogue of requirements. 297\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e6.7    Holistic techno-economic und strategic evaluation.. 298\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e6.8    Questions. 306\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e6.9    References. 306\u003c\/p\u003e  7...... Conclusions. 308\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e  8...... Answers to questions. 309\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e  8.1          References  314","brand":"Springer Nature Switzerland AG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743047725399,"sku":"9783030734060","price":64.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"silicon-sensors-and-actuators-the-feynman-roadmap-9783030801342","title":"Silicon Sensors and Actuators: The Feynman","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book thoroughly reviews the present knowledge on silicon micromechanical transducers and addresses emerging and future technology challenges. Readers will acquire a solid theoretical and practical background that will allow them to analyze the key performance aspects of devices, critically judge a fabrication process, and then conceive and design new ones for future applications. Envisioning a future complex versatile microsystem, the authors take inspiration from Richard Feynman’s visionary talk “There is Plenty of Room at the Bottom” to propose that the time has come to see silicon sensors as part of a “Feynman Roadmap” instead of the “More-than-Moore” technology roadmap. The sharing of the author’s industrially proven track record of development, design, and manufacturing, along with their visionary approach to the technology, will allow readers to jump ahead in their understanding of the core of the topic in a very effective way. Students, researchers, engineers, and technologists involved in silicon-based sensor and actuator research and development will find a wealth of useful and groundbreaking information in this book.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Silicon as Sensor Material\u003cbr\u003e2. Epitaxial Growth3. Thin Film Deposition4. Thin Films Characterization \u0026amp; Metrology5. Dry silicon etch                                              6. Lithography7. HF Release                                                               8. Galvanic growth9. Wet Etch and Cleaning                                                       10. Piezoelectric materials                                 11. Wafer to wafer Bonding12. Linear and non linear mechanichs in MEMS       13. Inertial sensors                                                                                             14. Magnetometer15. MEMS microphones   16. Pressure Sensors17. Enviromental Sensors18.  Mirror19. Piezo ink jet printers20. Speakers21. Autofocus22. Electronic sensors front-end23. Electronic Interfaces for actuators24. Package25. Testing26. Reliability27. The future of sensor and actuators                                                                                                               \u003cbr\u003e                                                                                                                                                                                               ","brand":"Springer Nature Switzerland AG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743050740055,"sku":"9783030801342","price":66.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9783030801342.jpg?v=1720063892"},{"product_id":"design-of-reinforced-concrete-sections-under-bending-and-axial-forces-tables-and-charts-according-to-eurocode-2-9783030801380","title":"Design of Reinforced Concrete Sections Under","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book contains auxiliary calculation tools to facilitate the safety assessment of reinforced concrete sections. Essential parameters in the design to the ultimate limit state of resistance such as the percentage of reinforcement and the position of the neutral axis in concrete cross-sections, as well as the control of the maximum stresses in service limit states are provided by these tools. A set of tables, charts and diagrams used to design cross-sections of reinforced and prestressed concrete structures are supplied. The most current beams and columns cross-sections namely, rectangular, circular and T-sections are considered. These tools have been prepared in line with the provisions of the new European regulations, with particular reference to Eurocode 2 – Design of Concrete Structures.\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003eThe book stands as an ideal learning resource for students of structural design and analysis courses in civil engineering, building construction and architecture, as well as a valuable reference for concrete structural design professionals in practice.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction.- Calculation Methods and Assumptions.- Implementation of Tables and Design Charts.- Tables.","brand":"Springer Nature Switzerland AG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743050903895,"sku":"9783030801380","price":59.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"mechanical-characterization-using-digital-image-correlation-advanced-fibrous-composite-laminates-9783030840396","title":"Mechanical Characterization Using Digital Image","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn this book, a precise treatment of the experimental characterization of advanced composite materials using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is presented. The text explains test methods, testing setup with 2D- and stereo-DIC, specimen preparation and patterning, testing analysis and data reduction schemes to determine and to compare mechanical properties, such as modulus, strength and fracture toughness of advanced composite materials. Sensitivity and uncertainty studies on the DIC calculated data and mechanical properties for a detailed engineering-based understanding are covered instead of idealized theories and sugarcoated results. The book provides students, instructors, researchers and engineers in industrial or government institutions, and practitioners working in the field of experimental\/applied structural mechanics of materials a myriad of color figures from DIC measurements for better explanation, datasets of material properties serving as  input parameters for analytical modelling, raw data and computer codes for data reduction, illustrative graphs for teaching purposes, practice exercises with solutions provided online and extensive references to the literature at the end of each stand-alone chapter.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 1. Introduction and Theoretical Background.- Chapter 2. Tensile Testing.- Chapter 3. V-Notched Specimen Testing.- Chapter 4. Flexural Testing.- Chapter 5. Delamination Resistance Testing.- Chapter 6. Summary and Discussion.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Springer Nature Switzerland AG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743053230423,"sku":"9783030840396","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"nickel-metal-hydride-batteries-9783038423027","title":"Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Mdpi AG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743089373527,"sku":"9783038423027","price":72.64,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9783038423027.jpg?v=1720064063"},{"product_id":"advanced-manufacturing-technologies-modern-machining-advanced-joining-sustainable-manufacturing-9783319560984","title":"Advanced Manufacturing Technologies: Modern","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book provides details and collective information on working principle, process mechanism, salient features, and unique applications of various advanced manufacturing techniques and processes belong. The book is divided in three sessions covering modern machining methods, advanced repair and joining techniques and, finally, sustainable manufacturing. The latest trends and research aspects of those fields are highlighted.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eFabrication of Micro-cutting Tools for Mechanical Micro-machining.- Machining of Glass Materials: An Overview.- Thermal-Assisted Machining of Titanium Alloys.- Abrasive Water Jet Machining of Composite Materials.- Advanced Joining and Welding Techniques: An Overview.- Laser-Based Repair of Damaged Dies, Molds, and Gears.- Friction Stir Welding—An Overview.- Ultrasonic Spot Welding—Low Energy Manufacturing for Lightweight Fuel Efficient Transport Applications.- Perspectives on Green Manufacturing.- Experimental Investigation and Optimization on MQL-Assisted Turning of Inconel-718 Super Alloy.- Dry and Near-Dry Electric Discharge Machining Processes.- Laser Metal Deposition Process for Product Remanufacturing\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Springer International Publishing AG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743098417495,"sku":"9783319560984","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"prestressed-concrete-building-design-and-construction-9783319978819","title":"Prestressed Concrete: Building, Design, and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis textbook imparts a firm understanding of the behavior of prestressed concrete and how it relates to design based on the 2014 ACI Building Code. It presents the fundamental behavior of prestressed concrete and then adapts this to the design of structures. The book focuses on prestressed concrete members including slabs, beams, and axially loaded members and provides computational examples to support current design practice along with practical information related to details and construction with prestressed concrete. It illustrates concepts and calculations with Mathcad and EXCEL worksheets. Written with both lucid instructional presentation as well as comprehensive, rigorous detail, the book is ideal for both students in graduate-level courses as well as practicing engineers. \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBasic Concepts.- Prestressed Concrete Applications.- Materials.- Partial loss of Prestress.- Flexural Basics of Analysis and Design.- Flexure - Design.- Shear and Torsion.- Camber and Deflections.- Continuous Slabs and Beams.- Composite Beams.- Two-way Slabs.- Axially Loaded Members.- Spliced Girders.- Strut-and-Tie method.- Connections and Anchoring to Concrete.- Comprehensive Problems.","brand":"Springer International Publishing AG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743111950679,"sku":"9783319978819","price":75.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9783319978819.jpg?v=1720064163"},{"product_id":"concepts-of-nanochemistry-9783527325979","title":"Concepts of Nanochemistry","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAuthored by a rising star in the field and one of its pioneers, this textbook is ideal for interdisciplinary courses - bridging chemistry, materials science, physics and biology. Adopting a completely new and visionary approach, this is a unique learning tool, focusing on just six concepts crucial for understanding nanochemistry: surface, size, shape, self-assembly, defects and the interface of biology and nanochemistry.\u003cbr\u003e These concepts are elucidated through the analysis of six materials representing the real life application of the nanochemistry concepts. The teaching questions included provide real \"food for thought\", thus training students to think as a researcher does and so develop problemsolving skills.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"The book \u003ci\u003eConcepts\u003c\/i\u003e can serve as a superb guide into nanochemistry for university teachers, students, and the interested general public. It can be emphatically recommended. Read it, or you will be missing something extraordinary.\" (\u003ci\u003eAngewandte Chemie,\u003c\/i\u003e 2010)\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eForeword xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Authors xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eIntroduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNanochemistry – Why Should We Care? 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat is Nanochemistry? 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis Book – Instructions for Use 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 An Introduction to Nanochemistry Concepts 11\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Nanochemistry – What’s in a Name? 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 On the Surface of Things 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Size is Everything. . .Almost 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Shape 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Self-Assembly 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Two Words About Defects 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 The Bio–Nano Interface 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Safety 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Silica 51\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Surface 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Size 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Shape 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Self-Assembly 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Defects 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 BioNano 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Conclusion 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Silica – NanoFood for Thought 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Gold 85\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Surface 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Size 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Shape 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Self-Assembly 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Defects 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 BioNano 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Gold – NanoFood for Thought 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Polydimethylsiloxane 113\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Surface 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Size 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Shape 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Self-Assembly 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Defects 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 BioNano 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 PDMS – NanoFood for Thought 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Cadmium Selenide 141\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Surface 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Size 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Shape 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Self-Assembly 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Defects 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 BioNano 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 CdSe – NanoFood for Thought 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Iron Oxide 173\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Surface 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Size 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Shape 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Self-Assembly 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 BioNano 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Iron Oxide – NanoFood for Thought 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Carbon 197\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Surface 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Size 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Shape 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Self-Assembly 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 BioNano 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Conclusion 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Carbon – NanoFood for Thought 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Nanochemistry Case Histories 217\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Case #1 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Case #2 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Conclusions 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Nanochemistry Diagnostics 235\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 A Reference Sheet 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Microscopy Techniques 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Diffraction Techniques 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Spectroscopic Techniques 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Magnetic Techniques 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Separation Techniques 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Thermal Techniques 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Adsorption Techniques 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Electrical Techniques 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Challenges in Nanochemistry 245\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 251\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743116472663,"sku":"9783527325979","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"materials-characterization-introduction-to-microscopic-and-spectroscopic-methods-9783527334636","title":"Materials Characterization: Introduction to","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNow in its second edition, this continues to serve as an ideal textbook for introductory courses on materials characterization, based on the author's experience in teaching advanced undergraduate and postgraduate university students.  \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e The new edition retains the successful didactical concept of introductions at the beginning of chapters, exercise questions and an online solution manual. In addition, all the sections have been thoroughly revised, updated and expanded, with two major new topics (electron backscattering diffraction and environmental scanning electron microscopy), as well as fifty additional questions  -  in total about 20% new content. \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e The first part covers commonly used methods for microstructure analysis, including light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, as well as scanning probe microscopy. The second part of the book is concerned with techniques for chemical analysis and introduces X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, fluorescence X-ray spectroscopy and such popular surface analysis techniques as photoelectron and secondary ion mass spectroscopy. This section concludes with the two most important vibrational spectroscopies (infra-red and Raman) and the increasingly important thermal analysis. \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e The theoretical concepts are discussed with a minimal involvement of mathematics and physics, and the technical aspects are presented with the actual measurement practice in mind. Making for an easy-to-read text, the book never loses sight of its intended audience.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Light Microscopy 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Optical Principles 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.1 Image Formation 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.2 Resolution 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.2.1 Effective Magnification 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.2.2 Brightness and Contrast 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.3 Depth of Field 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.4 Aberrations 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Instrumentation 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Illumination System 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Objective Lens and Eyepiece 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2.1 Steps for Optimum Resolution 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2.2 Steps to Improve Depth of Field 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Specimen Preparation 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 Sectioning 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1.1 Cutting 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1.2 Microtomy 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2 Mounting 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.3 Grinding and Polishing 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.3.1 Grinding 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.3.2 Polishing 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.4 Etching 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Imaging Modes 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Bright-Field and Dark-Field Imaging 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2 Phase-Contrast Microscopy 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3 Polarized-Light Microscopy 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.4 Nomarski Microscopy 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.5 Fluorescence Microscopy 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Confocal Microscopy 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 Working Principles 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.2 Three-Dimensional Images 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 X-Ray Diffraction Methods 47\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 X-Ray Radiation 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Generation of X-Rays 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 X-Ray Absorption 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Theoretical Background of Diffraction 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Diffraction Geometry 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1.1 Bragg’s Law 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1.2 Reciprocal Lattice 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1.3 Ewald Sphere 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Diffraction Intensity 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2.1 Structure Extinction 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 X-Ray Diffractometry 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Instrumentation 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1.1 System Aberrations 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Samples and Data Acquisition 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2.1 Sample Preparation 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2.2 Acquisition and Treatment of Diffraction Data 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Distortions of Diffraction Spectra 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3.1 Preferential Orientation 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3.2 Crystallite Size 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3.3 Residual Stress 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Applications 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4.1 Crystal-Phase Identification 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4.2 Quantitative Measurement 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Wide-Angle X-Ray Diffraction and Scattering 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Wide-Angle Diffraction 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Wide-Angle Scattering 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Transmission Electron Microscopy 83\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Instrumentation 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Electron Sources 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1.1 Thermionic Emission Gun 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1.2 Field Emission Gun 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Electromagnetic Lenses 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Specimen Stage 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Specimen Preparation 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Prethinning 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Final Thinning 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2.1 Electrolytic Thinning 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2.2 Ion Milling 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2.3 Ultramicrotomy 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Image Modes 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Mass–Density Contrast 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Diffraction Contrast 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Phase Contrast 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3.1 Theoretical Aspects 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3.2 Two-Beam and Multiple-Beam Imaging 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Selected-Area Diffraction (SAD) 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Selected-Area Diffraction Characteristics 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Single-Crystal Diffraction 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2.1 Indexing a Cubic Crystal Pattern 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2.2 Identification of Crystal Phases 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Multicrystal Diffraction 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.4 Kikuchi Lines 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Images of Crystal Defects 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 Wedge Fringe 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 Bending Contours 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3 Dislocations 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Scanning Electron Microscopy 127\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Instrumentation 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.1 Optical Arrangement 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.2 Signal Detection 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.2.1 Detector 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.3 Probe Size and Current 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Contrast Formation 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Electron–Specimen Interactions 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Topographic Contrast 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Compositional Contrast 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Operational Variables 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Working Distance and Aperture Size 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Acceleration Voltage and Probe Current 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Astigmatism 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Specimen Preparation 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Preparation for Topographic Examination 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1.1 Charging and Its Prevention 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Preparation for Microcomposition Examination 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Dehydration 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Electron Backscatter Diffraction 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 EBSD Pattern Formation 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 EBSD Indexing and Its Automation 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.3 Applications of EBSD 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Environmental SEM 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 ESEM Working Principle 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.2 Applications 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Scanning Probe Microscopy 163\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Instrumentation 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Probe and Scanner 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 Control and Vibration Isolation 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Tunneling Current 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Probe Tips and Working Environments 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Operational Modes 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Typical Applications 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Atomic Force Microscopy 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Near-Field Forces 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1.1 Short-Range Forces 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1.2 van der Waals Forces 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1.3 Electrostatic Forces 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1.4 Capillary Forces 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Force Sensors 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Operational Modes 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3.1 Static Contact Modes 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3.2 Lateral Force Microscopy 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3.3 Dynamic Operational Modes 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 Typical Applications 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4.1 Static Mode 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4.2 Dynamic Noncontact Mode 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4.3 Tapping Mode 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4.4 Force Modulation 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Image Artifacts 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Tip 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Scanner 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 Vibration and Operation 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 X-Ray Spectroscopy for Elemental Analysis 191\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Features of Characteristic X-Rays 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Types of Characteristic X-Rays 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1.1 Selection Rules 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Comparison of K, L, and M Series 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Wavelength Dispersive Spectroscopy 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1.1 Analyzing Crystal 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1.2 Wavelength Dispersive Spectra 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.1 Detector 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.2 Energy Dispersive Spectra 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.3 Advances in Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 XRF Working Atmosphere and Sample Preparation 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy in Electron Microscopes 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Special Features 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Scanning Modes 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Qualitative Analysis 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Quantitative Analysis 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2.1 Quantitative Analysis by X-Ray Fluorescence 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2.2 Fundamental Parameter Method 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2.3 Quantitative Analysis in Electron Microscopy 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Electron Spectroscopy for Surface Analysis 221\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Basic Principles 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Auger Electron Spectroscopy 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Instrumentation 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Ultrahigh Vacuum System 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Source Guns 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.1 X-Ray Gun 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.2 Electron Gun 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.3 Ion Gun 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Electron Energy Analyzers 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Characteristics of Electron Spectra 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Photoelectron Spectra 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Auger Electron Spectra 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Qualitative Analysis 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1.1 Peak Identification 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1.2 Chemical Shifts 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1.3 Problems with Insulating Materials 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Quantitative Analysis 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2.1 Peaks and Sensitivity Factors 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Composition Depth Profiling 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry for Surface Analysis 253\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Basic Principles 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Secondary Ion Generation 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Dynamic and Static SIMS 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Instrumentation 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Primary Ion System 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1.1 Ion Sources 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1.2 Wien Filter 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Mass Analysis System 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2.1 Magnetic Sector Analyzer 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2.2 Quadrupole Mass Analyzer 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2.3 Time-of-Flight Analyzer 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Surface Structure Analysis 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Experimental Aspects 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1.1 Primary Ions 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1.2 Flood Gun 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1.3 Sample Handling 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Spectrum Interpretation 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2.1 Element Identification 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 SIMS Imaging 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Generation of SIMS Images 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Image Quality 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 SIMS Depth Profiling 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Generation of Depth Profiles 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Optimization of Depth Profiling 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2.1 Primary Beam Energy 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2.2 Incident Angle of Primary Beam 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2.3 Analysis Area 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Vibrational Spectroscopy for Molecular Analysis 283\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Theoretical Background 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Electromagnetic Radiation 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Origin of Molecular Vibrations 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.3 Principles of Vibrational Spectroscopy 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.3.1 Infrared Absorption 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.3.2 Raman Scattering 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.4 Normal Mode of Molecular Vibrations 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.4.1 Number of Normal Vibration Modes 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.4.2 Classification of Normal Vibration Modes 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.5 Infrared and Raman Activity 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.5.1 Infrared Activity 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.5.2 Raman Activity 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Working Principles 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Instrumentation 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2.1 Infrared Light Source 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2.2 Beamsplitter 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2.3 Infrared Detector 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2.4 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Examination Techniques 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3.1 Transmittance 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3.2 Solid Sample Preparation 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3.3 Liquid and Gas Sample Preparation 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3.4 Reflectance 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4 Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4.1 Instrumentation 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4.2 Applications 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Raman Microscopy 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Instrumentation 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1.1 Laser Source 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1.2 Microscope System 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1.3 Prefilters 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1.4 Diffraction Grating 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1.5 Detector 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Fluorescence Problem 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Raman Imaging 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Applications 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4.1 Phase Identification 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4.2 Polymer Identification 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4.3 Composition Determination 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4.4 Determination of Residual Strain 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4.5 Determination of Crystallographic Orientation 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Interpretation of Vibrational Spectra 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Qualitative Methods 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1.1 Spectrum Comparison 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1.2 Identifying Characteristic Bands 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1.3 Band Intensities 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Quantitative Methods 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2.1 Quantitative Analysis of Infrared Spectra 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2.2 Quantitative Analysis of Raman Spectra 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Thermal Analysis 333\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Common Characteristics 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1 Thermal Events 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1.1 Enthalpy Change 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.2 Instrumentation 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.3 Experimental Parameters 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Differential Thermal Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Working Principles 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1.1 Differential Thermal Analysis 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1.2 Differential Scanning Calorimetry 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1.3 Temperature-Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Experimental Aspects 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2.1 Sample Requirements 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2.2 Baseline Determination 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2.3 Effects of Scanning Rate 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Measurement of Temperature and Enthalpy Change 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3.1 Transition Temperatures 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3.2 Measurement of Enthalpy Change 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3.3 Calibration of Temperature and Enthalpy Change 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 Applications 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4.1 Determination of Heat Capacity 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4.2 Determination of Phase Transformation and Phase Diagrams 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4.3 Applications to Polymers 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Thermogravimetry 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Instrumentation 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Experimental Aspects 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2.1 Samples 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2.2 Atmosphere 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2.3 Temperature Calibration 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2.4 Heating Rate 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Interpretation of Thermogravimetric Curves 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3.1 Types of Curves 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3.2 Temperature Determination 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Applications 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 367\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743117979991,"sku":"9783527334636","price":74.8,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9783527334636.jpg?v=1720064188"},{"product_id":"material-integrated-intelligent-systems-technology-and-applications-9783527336067","title":"Material-Integrated Intelligent Systems:","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCombining different perspectives from materials science, engineering, and computer science, this reference provides a unified view of the various aspects necessary for the successful realization of intelligent systems.\u003cbr\u003e The editors and authors are from academia and research institutions with close ties to industry, and are thus able to offer first-hand information here. They adopt a unique, three-tiered approach such that readers can gain basic, intermediate, and advanced topical knowledge. The technology section of the book is divided into chapters covering the basics of sensor integration in materials, the challenges associated with this approach, data processing, evaluation, and validation, as well as methods for achieving an autonomous energy supply. The applications part then goes on to showcase typical scenarios where material-integrated intelligent systems are already in use, such as for structural health monitoring and smart textiles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eForeword XV\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface XIX\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart One Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 On Concepts and Challenges of Realizing Material-Integrated Intelligent Systems 3\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eStefan Bosse and Dirk Lehmhus\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 System Development Methodologies and Tools (Part Two) 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Sensor Technologies and Material Integration (Part Three and Four) 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Signal and Data Processing (Part Five) 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Networking and Communication (Part Six) 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Energy Supply and Management (Part Seven) 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Applications (Part Eight) 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart Two System Development 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Design Methodology for Intelligent Technical Systems 31\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMareen Vaßholz, Roman Dumitrescu, and Jürgen Gausemeier\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 From Mechatronics to Intelligent Technical Systems 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Self-Optimizing Systems 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Design Methodology for Intelligent Technical Systems 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Domain-Spanning Conceptual Design 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Domain-Specific Conceptual Design 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Smart Systems Design Methodologies and Tools 55\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003eNicola Bombieri, Franco Fummi, Giuliana Gangemi, Michelangelo Grosso,\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnrico Macii, Massimo Poncino, and Salvatore Rinaudo\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Smart Electronic Systems and Their Design Challenges 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 The Smart Systems Codesign before SMAC 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 The SMAC Platform 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 The Platform Overview 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1.1 System C–SystemVue Cosimulation 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1.2 ADS and the Thermal Simulation 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1.3 EMPro Extension and ADS Integration 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1.4 Automated EM – Circuit Cosimulation in ADS 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1.5 HIF Suite Toolsuite 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1.6 The MEMS+ Platform 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 The (Co)Simulation Levels and the Design–Domains Matrix 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Case Study: A Sensor Node for Drift-Free Limb Tracking 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 System Architecture 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 Model Development and System-Level Simulation 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3 Results 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Conclusions 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart Three Sensor Technologies 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) 83\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLi Yunjia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.1 What Is MEMS 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.2 Why MEMS 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.3 MEMS Sensors 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.4 Goal of This Chapter 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Materials 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Silicon 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Dielectrics 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Metals 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Microfabrication Technologies 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Silicon Wafers 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Lithography 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Etching 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Deposition Techniques 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.5 Other Processes 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.6 Surface and Bulk Micromachining 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 MEMS Sensor 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Resistive Sensors 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Capacitive Sensors 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Sensor Systems 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Fiber-Optic Sensors 107\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eYi Yang, Kevin Chen, and Nikhil Gupta\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction to Fiber-Optic Sensors 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Sensing Principles 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 Types of Optical Fibers 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Trends in Sensor Fabrication and Miniaturization 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Fiber-Optic Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Sensors for Cure Monitoring of Composites 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Embedded FOS in Composite Materials 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Surface-Mounted FOS in Composite Materials 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 FOS for Structural Monitoring 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4.1 Aerospace Structures 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4.2 Civil Structures 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4.3 Marine Structures 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Frequency Modulation Sensors 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Bragg Grating Sensors 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Fabry–Pérot Interferometer Sensor 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 Whispering Gallery Mode Sensors 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Intensity Modulation Sensors 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 Fiber Microbend Sensors 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 Fiber-Optic Loop Sensor 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Some Challenges in SHM of Composite Materials 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Summary 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Electronics Development for Integration 137\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJan Vanfleteren\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Standard Flat Rigid Printed Circuits Boards and Components Assembly 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Flexible Circuits 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3 Need for Alternative Circuit and Packaging Materials 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Chip Package Miniaturization Technologies 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Ultrathin Chip Package Technology 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 UTCP Circuit Integration 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.1 UTCP Embedding 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.2 UTCP Stacking 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Applications 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Elastic Circuits 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Printed Circuit Board-Based Elastic Circuits 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Thin Film Metal-Based Elastic Circuits 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Applications 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3.1 Wearable Light Therapy 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Stretchable Displays 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 2.5D Rigid Thermoplastic Circuits 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Large Area Textile-Based Circuits 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Electronic Module Integration Technology 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Applications 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Conclusions and Outlook 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart Four Material Integration Solutions 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Sensor Integration in Fiber-Reinforced Polymers 161\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaryam Kahali Moghaddam, Mariugenia Salas, Michael Koerdt, Christian Brauner, Martina Hübner, Dirk\u003c\/i\u003e \u003ci\u003eLehmhus, and Walter Lang\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction to Fiber-Reinforced Polymers 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Applications of Integrated Systems in Composites 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Production Process Monitoring and Quality Control of Composites 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1.1 Monitoring of the Resin Flow 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1.2 Analytical Modeling of Resin Front by Means of Simulation 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1.3 Monitoring the Resin Curing 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 In-Service Applications of Integrated Systems 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.1 Use for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.2 Use As Support to Nondestructive Evaluation and Testing (NDE\/NDT) 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Production and Sensor Integration Processes 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Overview of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Production Processes 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Sensor Integration in Fiber-Reinforced Polymers: Selected Case Studies 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Electronics Integration and Data Processing 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Materials Integration of Electronics 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Electronics for Wireless Sensing 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Examples of Sensors Integrated in Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Ultrasound Reflection Sensing 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Pressure Sensors 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.3 Thermocouples 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.4 Fiber Optic Sensors 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.5 Interdigital Planar Capacitive Sensors 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Conclusion 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Integration in Sheet Metal Structures 201\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eWelf-Guntram Drossel, Roland Müller, Matthias Nestler, and Sebastian Hensel\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Integration Technology 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Forming of Piezometal Compounds 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Characterization of Functionality 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Fields of Application 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Conclusion and Outlook 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Sensor and Electronics Integration in Additive Manufacturing 217\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDirk Lehmhus and Matthias Busse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction to Additive Manufacturing 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Overview of AM Processes 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Links between Sensor Integration and Additive Manufacturing 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 AM Sensor Integration Case Studies 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Cavity-Based Sensor and Electronic System Integration 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Multiprocess Hybrid Manufacturing Systems 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 Toward a Single AM Platform for Structural Electronics Fabrication 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Conclusion and Outlook 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart Five Signal and Data Processing: The Sensor Node Level 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Analog Sensor Signal Processing and Analog-to-Digital Conversion 259\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJohn Horstmann, Marco Ramsbeck, and Stefan Bosse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Operational Amplifiers 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Analog-to-Digital Converter Specifications 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Data Converter Architectures 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Low-Power ADC Designs and Power Classification 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Moving Window ADC Approach 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Digital Real-Time Data Processing with Embedded Systems 281\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eStefan Bosse and Dirk Lehmhus\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Levels of Information 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Algorithms and Computational Models 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Scientific Data Mining 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Real-Time and Parallel Processing 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 The Known World: Model-Based Computing and Inverse Numeric 301\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eArmin Lechleiter and Stefan Bosse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Physical Models in Parameter Identification 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Noisy Data Due to Sensor and Modeling Errors 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Coping with Noisy Data: Tikhonov Regularization and Parameter Choice Rules 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Tikhonov Regularization 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Rules for the Choice of the Regularization Parameter 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Explicit Minimizers for Linear Models 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 The Soft-Shrinkage Iteration 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Iterative Regularization Schemes 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9 Gradient Descent Schemes 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.10 Newton-Type Regularization Schemes 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.11 Numerical Examples in Load Reconstruction 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 The Unknown World: Model-Free Computing and Machine Learning 329\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eStefan Bosse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Machine Learning – An Overview 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Learning of Data Streams 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Learning with Noise 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Distributed Event-Based Learning 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 ε-Interval and Nearest-Neighborhood Decision Tree Learning 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Machine Learning – A Sensorial Material Demonstrator 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Robustness and Data Fusion 343\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eStefan Bosse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Robust System Design on System Level 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart Six Networking and Communication: The Sensor Network Level 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Communication Hardware 351\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eTim Tiedemann\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Communication Hardware in Their Applications 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Requirements for Embedded Communication Hardware 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Overview of Physical Communication Classes 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Examples of Wired Communication Hardware 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Examples of Wireless Communication Hardware 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Examples of Optical Communication Hardware 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Summary 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Networks and Communication Protocols 363\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eStefan Bosse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Network Topologies and Network of Networks 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Redundancy in Networks 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Protocols 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Switched Networks versus Message Passing 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Bus Systems 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Message Passing and Message Formats 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Routing 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8 Failures, Robustness, and Reliability 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9 Distributed Sensor Networks 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.10 Active Messaging and Agents 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Distributed and Cloud Computing: The Big Machine 385\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eStefan Bosse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Reference 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 The Mobile Agent and Multiagent Systems 387\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eStefan Bosse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 The Agent Computation and Interaction Model 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Dynamic Activity-Transition Graphs 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 The Agent Behavior Class 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Communication and Interaction of Agents 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Agent Programming Models 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Agent Processing Platforms and Technologies 404\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.7 Agent-Based Learning 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.8 Event and Distributed Agent-Based Learning of\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNoisy Sensor Data 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart Seven Energy Supply 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Energy Management and Distribution 425\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eStefan Bosse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Design of Low-Power Smart Sensor Systems 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 A Toolbox for Energy Analysis and Simulation 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Dynamic Power Management 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3.1 CPU-Centric DPM 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3.2 I\/O-Centric DPM 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3.3 EDS Algorithm 438\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Energy-Aware Communication in Sensor Networks 440\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Energy Distribution in Sensor Networks 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5.1 Distributed Energy Management in Sensor Networks\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing Agents 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Microenergy Storage 449\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRobert Kun, Chi Chen, and Francesco Ciucci\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Energy Harvesting\/Scavenging 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Energy Storage 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.1 Capacitors 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.2 Batteries 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.3 Fuel Cells 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.3.1 Low-Temperature Fuel Cells 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.3.2 High-Temperature Fuel Cells 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.4 Other Storage Systems 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Summary and Perspectives 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Energy Harvesting 479\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRolanas Dauksevicius and Danick Briand\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Mechanical Energy Harvesters 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.1 Piezoelectric Micropower Generators 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.2 Micropower Generators Based on Electroactive Polymers 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.3 Electrostatic Micropower Generators 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.4 Electromagnetic Micropower Generators 491\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.5 Triboelectric Nanogenerators 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.6 Hybrid Micropower Generators 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.7 Wideband and Nonlinear Micropower Generators 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.8 Concluding Remarks 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Thermal Energy Harvesters 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3.1 Introduction to Thermoelectric Generators 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3.2 Thermoelectric Materials and Efficiency 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3.3 Other Thermal-to-Electrical Energy Conversion\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTechniques 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Radiation Harvesters 502\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4.1 Light Energy Harvesters 502\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4.2 RF Energy Harvesters 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Summary and Perspectives 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart Eight Application Scenarios 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) 531\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDirk Lehmhus and Matthias Busse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Introduction 531\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Motivations for SHM System Implementation 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 SHM System Classification and Main Components 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3.1 Sensor and Actuator Elements for SHM Systems 542\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3.2 Communication in SHM Systems 550\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3.3 SHM Data Evaluation Approaches and Principles 552\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 SHM Areas and Application and Case Studies 555\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5 Implications of Material Integration for SHM Systems 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.6 Conclusion and Outlook 562\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 564\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 Achievements and Open Issues Toward Embedding Tactile Sensing and Interpretation into Electronic Skin Systems 571\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAli Ibrahim, Luigi Pinna, Lucia Seminara, and Maurizio Valle\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Introduction 571\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 The Skin Mechanical Structure 573\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2.1 Transducers and Materials 573\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2.2 An Example of Skin Integration into an Existing Robotic Platform 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Tactile Information Processing 579\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Computational Requirements 582\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4.1 Electrical Impedance Tomography 582\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4.2 Tensorial Kernel 583\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.5 Conclusions 585\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 585\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Intelligent Materials in Machine Tool Applications: A Review 595\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eHans-Christian Möhring\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Applications of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) 596\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 Applications of Piezoelectric Ceramics 596\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 Applications of Magnetostrictive Materials 598\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.4 Applications of Electro- and Magnetorheological\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFluids 600\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5 Intelligent Structures and Components 601\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.6 Summary and Conclusion 603\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 604\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e25 New Markets\/Opportunities through Availability of Product Life Cycle Data 613\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eThorsten Wuest, Karl Hribernik, and Klaus-Dieter Thoben\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1 Product Life Cycle Management 613\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1.1 Closed-Loop and Item-Level PLM 615\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1.2 Data and Information in PLM 615\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1.3 Supporting Concepts for Data and Information Integration in PLM 616\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2 Case Studies 617\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.1 Case Study 1: Life Cycle of Leisure Boats 617\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.1.1 Sensors Used 618\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.1.2 Potential Application of Sensorial Materials 619\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.1.3 Limitations and Opportunities of Sensorial Materials 619\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.2 Case Study 2: PROMISE – Product Life Cycle Management and Information Using Smart Embedded Systems 620\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.2.1 Sensors Used 620\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.2.2 Potential Application of Sensorial Materials 621\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.2.3 Limitations and Opportunities of Sensorial Materials 621\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.3 Case Study 3: Composite Bridge 622\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.3.1 Sensors Used 623\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.3.2 Potential Application of Sensorial Materials 623\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2.3.3 Limitations and Opportunities of Sensorial Materials 623\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.3 Potential of Sensorial Materials in PLM Application 623\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgment 624\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 624\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e26 Human–Computer Interaction with Novel and Advanced Materials 629\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eTanja Döring, Robert Porzel, and Rainer Malaka\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.1 Introduction 629\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.2 New Forms of Human–Computer Interaction 630\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3 Applications and Scenarios 633\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.1 Domestic and Personal Devices 633\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.1.1 The Marble Answering Machine 633\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.1.2 Living Wall: An Interactive Wallpaper 634\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.1.3 Sprout I\/O and Shutters: Ambient Textile Information Displays 634\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.1.4 FlexCase: A Flexible Sensing and Display Cover 635\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.2 Learning, Collaboration, and Entertainment 635\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.2.1 Tangibles for Learning and Creativity 635\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.2.2 inFORM: Supporting Remote Collaboration through Shape Capture and Actuation 636\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3.2.3 The Soap Bubble Interface 637\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.4 Opportunities and Challenges 637\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.5 Conclusions 639\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 639\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 645\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743118635351,"sku":"9783527336067","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"synthesis-of-inorganic-materials-9783527344574","title":"Synthesis of Inorganic Materials","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIntroduces readers to the field of inorganic materials, while emphasizing synthesis and modification techniques \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e Written from the chemist's point of view, this newly updated and completely revised fourth edition of Synthesis of Inorganic Materials provides a thorough and pedagogical introduction to the exciting and fast developing field of inorganic materials and features all of the latest developments. New to this edition is a chapter on self-assembly and self-organization, as well as all-new content on: demixing of glasses, non-classical crystallization, precursor chemistry, citrate-gel and Pechini liquid mix methods, ice-templating, and materials with hierarchical porosity. \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e Synthesis of Inorganic Materials, 4th Edition features chapters covering: solid-state reactions; formation of solids from the gas phase; formation of solids from solutions and melts; preparation and modification of inorganic polymers; self-assembly and self-organization; templated materials; and nanostructured materials. There is also an extensive glossary to help bridge the gap between chemistry, solid state physics and materials science. In addition, a selection of books and review articles is provided at the end of each chapter as a starting point for more in-depth reading.  \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e -Gives the students a thorough overview of the fundamentals and the wide variety of different inorganic materials with applications in research as well as in industry \u003cbr\u003e -Every chapter is updated with new content \u003cbr\u003e -Includes a completely new chapter covering self-assembly and self-organization \u003cbr\u003e -Written by well-known and experienced authors who follow an intuitive and pedagogical approach \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e Synthesis of Inorganic Materials, 4th Edition is a valuable resource for advanced undergraduate students as well as masters and graduate students of inorganic chemistry and materials science.  \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface ix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Solid-State Reactions \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e5\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Reactions Between Solid Compounds 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Ceramic Method 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1.1 General Aspects of Solid-State Reactions 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1.2 Facilitating Solid-State Reactions 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Mechanochemical Synthesis 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3 Carbothermal Reduction 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.4 Combustion Synthesis 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.4.1 Solution Combustion Synthesis 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Solid–Gas Reactions 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Ceramics Processing 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Sintering 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Intercalation Reactions 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Mechanistic Aspects 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Preparative Methods 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Intercalation of Polymers in Layered Systems 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4 Pillaring of Layered Compounds 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Formation of Solids from the Gas Phase \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e57\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Chemical Vapour Transport 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Halogen Lamps 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Transport Reactions 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Chemical Vapour Deposition 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 General Aspects 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Techniques 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Metal CVD 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3.1 Silicon and Aluminium 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3.2 Tungsten 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3.3 Copper 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 CVD of Carbon 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5 CVD of Binary and Multinary Compounds 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5.1 Metal Oxides 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5.2 Metal Nitrides 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5.3 Metal Chalcogenides and Pnictides 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.6 Aerosol-Assisted CVD 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.7 Chemical Vapour Infiltration 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Gas-Phase Powder Syntheses 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Formation of Solids from Solutions and Melts \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e113\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Glass 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.1 The Structural Theory of Glass Formation 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.2 Crystallization Versus Glass Formation 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.3 Glass Melting 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.4 Phase Separation 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.5 Metallic Glasses 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Crystallization from Solution 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Monodispersity 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Shape Control of Crystals 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Non-classical Crystallization 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 Biomineralization 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4.1 Biogenic Materials 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4.2 Biomineralization 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4.3 Bioinspired Materials Chemistry 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Electrodeposition 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Colloids 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Electrodeposition of Ceramics 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Solvothermal Processes 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Fundamentals 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Growing Single Crystals 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Solvothermal Synthesis 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3.1 Metal Oxides 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3.2 Synthetic Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3.3 Zeolites 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Sol–Gel Processes 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 The Chemistry of Alkoxide Precursors 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Hydrolysis and Condensation 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2.1 Silica-Based Materials 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2.2 Metal Oxide-Based Materials 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.3 The Sol–Gel Transition (Gelation) 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.4 Aging and Drying 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.5 Nonhydrolytic Sol–Gel Processes 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.6 Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Materials 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.7 Aerogels 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Preparation and Modification of Inorganic Polymers \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e217\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 General Aspects 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Synthesis and Crosslinking 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 Copolymers 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Polysiloxanes (Silicones) 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Properties and Applications 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Structure 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Preparation 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Curing (‘Vulcanizing’) 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Polyphosphazenes 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Properties and Applications 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Preparation and Modification 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Polysilanes 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Properties and Applications 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Preparation 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Polycarbosilanes 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Polysilazanes and Related Polymers 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Polymers with B–N Backbones 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Other Inorganic Polymers 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8.1 Other Phosphorus-Containing Polymers 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8.2 Polymers with S–N Backbones 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8.3 Metallopolymers 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Polymer-to-Ceramic Transformation 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Self-Assembly \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e267\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Self-Assembled Monolayers 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Metal–Organic Frameworks 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Modularity of the Structures 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Synthesis and Modification 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Supramolecular Arrangements of Surfactants and Block Copolymers 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Layer-by-Layer Assembly 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Templating \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e287\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction to Porosity and High Surface Area Materials 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Infiltration and Coating of Templates 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Replica Technique 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Sacrificial Templates 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.1 Colloidal Crystals 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.2 Hollow Particles 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Direct Foaming 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Nanocasting 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3\u003ci\u003e In Situ\u003c\/i\u003e Formation of Templates 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Breath Figures 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Freeze Casting 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Supramolecular Assemblies of Amphiphiles 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3.1 Synthesis of Periodic Mesoporous Silicas 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3.2 Evaporation-Induced Self-Assembly 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3.3 Incorporation of Organic Groups 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Reorganization and Transformation Processes 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Pseudomorphic Transformation 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Kirkendall Effect 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Galvanic Replacement 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Phase Separation and Leaching 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Nanomaterials \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e327\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Properties of Nanomaterials 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Properties Due to Surface Effects 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Properties of Nanocrystalline Materials 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Catalytic Properties 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.4 Optical Properties 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.5 Electrical Properties 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.6 Magnetic Properties 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Syntheses of Nanoparticles 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Severe Plastic Deformation 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Formation from Vapours 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Formation from Solution 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.4 Surface Modification with Organic Groups 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 One-Dimensional Nanostructures 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Nanowires and Nanorods 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Nanotubes 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2.1 Carbon Nanotubes 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2.2 Titania Nanotubes 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Graphene 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Other 2D Nanomaterials 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Heterostructures and Composites 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Core–Shell Nanoparticles 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Vertical 2D Heterostructures 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.3 Polymer–Matrix Nanocomposites 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.4 Supported Metal Nanoparticles 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Reading 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlossary 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 389\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743120699735,"sku":"9783527344574","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9783527344574.jpg?v=1720064201"},{"product_id":"enhanced-carbon-based-materials-and-their-applications-9783527348022","title":"Enhanced Carbon-Based Materials and Their","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAn authoritative and robust overview of the synthesis, characterization, and application of carbon-based materials\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn \u003ci\u003eEnhanced Carbon-Based Materials and Their Applications\u003c\/i\u003e, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a timely and carefully referenced overview of carbon-based materials and their applications. Following a summary of carbon-based materials and their synthesis methods, the authors move on to highlight advanced topics regarding enhanced carbon-based materials and their applications. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDiscussions of the discovery of memristor-based memory, substrate options, and the effect of electrodes materials are accompanied by a review of the developments in carbonous materials, an explanation of the working principle of thermoelectric energy harvesting, and the applications of carbon-enhanced piezoelectric materials, sensors, optoelectronic devices, actuators, and display applications as well. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe book concludes with a presentation of anticipated future prospects and challenges in this area, including those obstacles that must be addressed before the large-scale production of carbon-based products can begin. Readers will also find: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA thorough introduction to carbon-based nanomaterials, including their synthesis and characterization\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive explorations of functional carbon-based nanomaterials and sensor applications, as well as fabrication techniques of resistive switching carbon-based memories\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePractical discussions of carbonous-based optoelectronic devices, thermoelectric energy harvesters, and their applications\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFulsome treatments of carbon-enhanced piezoelectric materials and their applications\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003ePerfect for a multi-disciplinary audience in the broader scientific and industrial communities, \u003ci\u003eEnhanced Carbon-Based Materials and Their Applications\u003c\/i\u003e will also earn a place in the libraries of researchers and industry professionals with an interest in the synthesis and characterization of carbon nanomaterials.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CHAPTER 2: CARBON BASED NANOSTRUCTURES\u003cbr\u003e 2.1 Introduction\u003cbr\u003e 2.2 Synthesis of carbon-based nanostructures\u003cbr\u003e 2.3 Characterization techniques\u003cbr\u003e 2.4. Summary\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CHAPTER 3: FUNCTIONAL CARBON-BASED MATERIALS and APPLICATIONS\u003cbr\u003e 3.1 Introduction and background of carbon-based sensors\u003cbr\u003e 3.2 Carbon material functionalization, hybridization and sensing properties\u003cbr\u003e 3.3 Plasma surface modification of graphene \u003cbr\u003e 3.4 Electronic and chemical properties of functionalized graphene\u003cbr\u003e 3.5 Applications\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CHAPTER 4: RESISTIVE SWITCHING CARBON-BASED MEMORIES\u003cbr\u003e 4.1 Introduction\u003cbr\u003e 4.2 Fabrication method\u003cbr\u003e 4.3 Electrical characterization and applications\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CHAPTER 5: CARBON-BASED OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES\u003cbr\u003e 5.1 Emerging carbon-based device concept\u003cbr\u003e 5.2 0, 1, and 2- Dimensional carbon-based materials in optoelectronic applications\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CHAPTER 6: THERMOELECTRIC ENERGY HARVESTERS and APPLICATIONS\u003cbr\u003e 6.1 Carbon enhanced materials overview\u003cbr\u003e 6.2 Thermoelectric energy harvester overview \u003cbr\u003e 6.3 Fabrication\u003cbr\u003e 6.4 Applications\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CHAPTER 7: PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY HARVESTERS and APPLICATIONS\u003cbr\u003e 7.1. Introduction of piezoelectric energy harvester\u003cbr\u003e 7.2. Fabrication\u003cbr\u003e 7.3. Applications\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CHAPTER 8: ACTUATORS BASED on the CARBON ENHANCED MATERIALS\u003cbr\u003e 8.1 Introduction\u003cbr\u003e 8.2 Nanostructured Carbon: Effective Tools for Carbon-Based Nanoactuators\u003cbr\u003e 8.3 Applications (Carbon Nanotube-Based Actuators, Graphene and Graphene Oxide Actuators, Fullerene-Based Actuators)\u003cbr\u003e 8.4 Challenges and Prospective of Actuators\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CHAPTER 9: CARBON-BASED ANALOG and DIGITAL ELECTRONICS and CIRCUITS \u003cbr\u003e 9.1 Current development on Analog and Digital Electronics \u003cbr\u003e 9.2 Radio frequency circuits\u003cbr\u003e 9.3 Carbon nanotubes and graphene digital electronics  \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CHAPTER 10: CONCLUSIONS and FUTURE PERSPECTIVES\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743123714391,"sku":"9783527348022","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"pyroelectric-materials-physics-and-applications-9783527351015","title":"Pyroelectric Materials: Physics and Applications","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePyroelectric Materials\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAn authoritative and practical discussion of pyroelectric materials and their applications \u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn \u003ci\u003ePyroelectric Materials: Physics and Applications\u003c\/i\u003e, the authors deliver a comprehensive exploration of the physics of pyroelectric materials and their applications. With authoritative coverage of a wide variety of critical topics in the field, the authors provide the readers with chapters on dielectric fundamentals, pyroelectricity, pyroelectric materials and their applications such as pyroelectric infrared detectors, pyroelectric energy harvesting, and pyroelectric fusion. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eReaders will also find: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA thorough introduction to the fundamentals of dielectrics, including discussions of polarization, dispersion, relaxation, and the molecular theory of induced charges in a dielectric\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive explorations of pyroelectricity, including its history, theory, and a simple model of pyroelectric effect\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerfect for researchers and professionals with an interest in pyroelectric materials, the book is also useful for graduate students taking courses involving pyroelectric materials and their applications.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1 Fundamentals of Dielectrics \u003cbr\u003e 1.1 Dielectrics\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.1 Polarization of Dielectrics\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.2 Dispersion of Dielectric Polarization\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.2.1 Electronic Polarization\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.2.2 Ionic Polarization\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.2.3 Orientation Polarization\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.2.4 Space Charge Polarization\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.3 Dielectric relaxation\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.4 Debye relaxation\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.5 Molecular Theory of Induced Charges in a Dielectric\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.6: Capacitance of a Parallel Plate Capacitor\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.7 Electric displacement field, Dielectric constant, and Electric susceptibility\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.8 Local Field in a Dielectric\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.8.1 Lorentz field, E2\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.8.2 Field of dipoles inside cavity, E3 \u003cbr\u003e 1.1.9 Dielectrics Losses\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.9.1 Dielectric Loss Angle\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.9.2 Total and Specific Dielectric Losses\u003cbr\u003e 1.1.10: Dielectrics Breakdown\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e 2 Pyroelectricity \u003cbr\u003e 2.1 Introduction\u003cbr\u003e 2.2 History of pyroelectricity\u003cbr\u003e 2.3 Theory of Pyroelectricity\u003cbr\u003e 2.4 Simple model of pyroelectric effect\u003cbr\u003e 2.5 Pyroelectric crystal symmetry \u003cbr\u003e 2.6 Piezoelectricity\u003cbr\u003e 2.7 Ferroelectricity\u003cbr\u003e 2.7.1 Ferroelectric Phase Transitions \u003cbr\u003e 2.7.2 Ferroelectric Domains\u003cbr\u003e 2.7.3 Ferroelectric Domain Wall Motion\u003cbr\u003e 2.7.4 Soft mode\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e 3 Pyroelectric materials and Applications\u003cbr\u003e 3.1 Introduction\u003cbr\u003e 3.2 Theory of Pyroelectric Detectors\u003cbr\u003e 3.3 Material Figure-of-Merits\u003cbr\u003e 3.4 Classification of pyroelectric materials\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.1 Single crystals\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.1.1 Triglycine sulphate (TGS) \u003cbr\u003e 3.4.1.2 Lithium tantalate (LT) and Lithium niobate (LN)\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.1.3 Barium strontium titanate (BST)\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.1.4 Strontium barium niobite (SBN) \u003cbr\u003e 3.4.2 Perovskite Ceramics \u003cbr\u003e 3.4.2.1 Modified lead zirconate (PZ)\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.2.2 Modified lead titanate (PT)\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.3 Polymers\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.4 Ceramic-polymer composites\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.5 Lead-free ceramics\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.6 Other pyroelectric materials\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.6.1 Aluminium nitride (AlN)\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.6.2 Gallium nitride (GaN)\u003cbr\u003e 3.4.6.3 Zinc oxide (ZnO) \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e 4 Pyroelectric Infrared Detectors \u003cbr\u003e 4.1 Introduction\u003cbr\u003e 4.2 Device configurations \u003cbr\u003e 4.2.1 Thick film detectors\u003cbr\u003e 4.2.2 Thin film detectors\u003cbr\u003e 4.2.3 Hybrid focal plane array detector\u003cbr\u003e 4.2.4 Linear array detector \u003cbr\u003e 4.2.5 Periodic domain TFLTTM detector \u003cbr\u003e 4.2.6 Terahertz thermal detector\u003cbr\u003e 4.2.7 PVDF polymer detector \u003cbr\u003e 4.2.8 TFP polymer detector\u003cbr\u003e 4.2.9 TADPh polymer detector\u003cbr\u003e 4.2.10 Integrated resonant absorber pyroelectric detector\u003cbr\u003e 4.2.11 Resonant IR detector\u003cbr\u003e 4.2.12: Plasmonic IR detector \u003cbr\u003e 4.2.13: Graphene pyroelectric bolometer\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e 5 Pyroelectric Energy Harvesting\u003cbr\u003e 5.1 Introduction\u003cbr\u003e 5.2 Theory of Pyroelectric Energy harvesting\u003cbr\u003e 5.3 Pyroelectricity in Ferroelectric Materials\u003cbr\u003e 5.3.1 Thermodynamic Cycles of PyEH\u003cbr\u003e 5.3.1 (a) Carnot Cycle\u003cbr\u003e 5.3.1 (b) Ericsson Cycle\u003cbr\u003e 5.3.1 (c) Olsen Cycle\u003cbr\u003e 5.4 Pyroelectric Generators\u003cbr\u003e 5.5 Pyroelectric Nanogenerators\u003cbr\u003e 5.5.1 Polymer Based Pyroelectric Nanogenerators\u003cbr\u003e 5.5.1.1 PyNGs Driven by Various Environmental Conditions\u003cbr\u003e 5.5.1.2 Development of Pyroelectric Materials\u003cbr\u003e 5.5.1.3 Wearable Pyroelectric Nanogenerators \u003cbr\u003e 5.5.1.4 Hybrid Pyroelectric Nanogenerators \u003cbr\u003e 5.5.2 Ceramic Based Pyroelectric Nanogenerators\u003cbr\u003e 5.5.2.1 ZnO based pyroelectric Nanogenerators\u003cbr\u003e 5.5.2.2 PZT based pyroelectric Nanogenerators\u003cbr\u003e 5.5.2.3 Lead-free Ceramic based pyroelectric Nanogenerators\u003cbr\u003e 5.5.3 Thermal nanophotonic- pyroelectric nanogenerator\u003cbr\u003e 5.5.4 Challenges and Perspectives of Pyroelectric nanogenerators\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e 6 Pyroelectric fusion\u003cbr\u003e 6.1 Introduction\u003cbr\u003e 6.2 History of Pyroelectric Fusion\u003cbr\u003e 6.3 Pyroelectric neutron generators\u003cbr\u003e 6.4 Pyroelectric X-ray generators\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743126630743,"sku":"9783527351015","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"phase-field-methods-in-materials-science-and-engineering-9783527407477","title":"Phase-Field Methods in Materials Science and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis comprehensive and self-contained, one-stop source discusses phase-field methodology in a fundamental way, explaining advanced numerical techniques for solving phase-field and related continuum-field models. It also presents numerical techniques used to simulate various phenomena in a detailed, step-by-step way, such that readers can carry out their own code developments. \u003cbr\u003e Features many examples of how the methods explained can be used in materials science and engineering applications.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"This comprehensive and self-contained, one-stop source discusses phase-field methodology in a fundamental way, explaining advanced numerical techniques for solving phase-field and related continuum-field models. It also presents numerical techniques used to simulate various phenomena in a detailed, step-by-step way, such that readers can carry out their own code developments\". (Breitbart.com: Business Wire , 29 November 2010)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 The Role of Microstructure Materials Science 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Free Boundary Problems and Microstructure Evolution 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Continuum versus Sharp Interface Descriptions 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Mean Field Theory of Phase Transformations 9\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Simple Lattice Models 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Phase Separation in a Binary Mixture 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Ising Model of Magnetism 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Introduction to Landau Theory 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Order Parameters and Phase Transformations 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 The Landau Free Energy Functional 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Phase Transitions with a Symmetric Phase Diagram 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.4 Phase Transitions with a Nonsymmetric Phase Diagram 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.5 First-Order Transition without a Critical Point 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Spatial Variations and Interfaces 27\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 The Ginzburg–Landau Free Energy Functional 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Equilibrium Interfaces and Surface Tension 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Nonequilibrium Dynamics 33\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Driving Forces and Fluxes 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 The Diffusion Equation 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Dynamics of Conserved Order Parameters: Model B 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Dynamics of Nonconserved Order Parameters: Model A 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Generic Features of Models A and B 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Equilibrium Fluctuations of Order Parameters 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 Nonconserved Order Parameters 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.2 Conserved Order Parameters 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Stability and the Formation of Second Phases 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7.1 Nonconserved Order Parameters 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7.2 Conserved Order Parameters 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Interface Dynamics of Phase Field Models (Optional) 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8.1 Model A 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8.2 Model B 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9 Numerical Methods 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9.1 Fortran 90 Codes Accompanying this Book 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9.2 Model A 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9.3 Model B 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Introduction to Phase Field Modeling: Solidification of Pure Materials 57\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Solid Order Parameters 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Free Energy Functional for Solidification 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Single Order Parameter Theory of Solidification 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Solidification Dynamics 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Isothermal Solidification: Model A Dynamics 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Anisotropy 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 Nonisothermal Solidification: Model C Dynamics 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Sharp and Thin Interface Limits of Phase Field Models 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Case Study: Thin Interface Analysis of Equation 5.30 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 Recasting Phase Field Equations 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 Effective Sharp Interface Model 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Numerical Simulations of Model c 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7.1 Discrete Equations 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7.2 Boundary Conditions 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7.3 Scaling and Convergence of Model 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Properties of Dendritic Solidification in Pure Materials 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8.1 Microscopic Solvability Theory 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8.2 Phase Field Predictions of Dendrite Operating States 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8.3 Further Study of Dendritic Growth 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Phase Field Modeling of Solidification in Binary Alloys 89\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Alloys and Phase Diagrams: A Quick Review 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Microstructure Evolution in Alloys 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Sharp Interface Model in One Dimension 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Extension of Sharp Interface Model to Higher Dimensions 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Phase Field Model of a Binary Alloy 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Free Energy Functional 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 General Form of f(ᵠ, c, T) 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 f(ᵠ, c, T) for Isomorphous Alloys 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 f(ᵠ, c, T) for Eutectic Alloys 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.5 f(ᵠ, c, T) for Dilute Binary Alloys 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Equilibrium Properties of Free Energy Functional 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Simple Example of a ‘‘Toy’’ Model 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Calculation of Surface Tension 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Phase Field Dynamics 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Thin Interface Limits of Alloy Phase Field Models 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Case Study: Analysis of a Dilute Binary Alloy Model 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.1 Interpolation Functions for f(Φ, c) 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.2 Equilibrium Phase Diagram 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.3 Steady-State c\u003csub\u003e0\u003c\/sub\u003e and Φ\u003csub\u003e0\u003c\/sub\u003e 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.4 Dynamical Equations 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.5 Thin Interface Properties of Dilute Alloy Model 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.6 Nonvariational Version of Model (optional) 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.7 Effective Sharp Interface Parameters of Nonvariational Model (optional) 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Numerical Simulations of Dilute Alloy Phase Field Model 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8.1 Discrete Equations 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8.2 Convergence Properties of Model 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Other Alloy Phase Field Formulations 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9.1 Introducing Fictitious Concentrations 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9.2 Formulation of Phase Field Equations 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9.3 Steady-State Properties of Model and Surface Tension 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9.4 Thin Interface Limit 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9.5 Numerical Determination of C\u003csub\u003eS\u003c\/sub\u003e and C\u003csub\u003eL\u003c\/sub\u003e 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.10 Properties of Dendritic Solidification in Binary Alloys 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.10.1 Geometric Models of Directional Solidification 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.10.2 Spacing Selection Theories of Directional Solidification 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.10.3 Phase Field Simulations of Directional Solidification 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.10.4 The Role of Surface Tension Anisotropy 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Multiple Phase Fields and Order Parameters 143\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Multiorder Parameter Models 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Pure Materials 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Alloys 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.3 Strain Effects on Precipitation 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.4 Anisotropy 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Multiphase Field Models 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Thermodynamics 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Dynamics 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Orientational Order Parameter for Polycrystalline Modeling 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Pure Materials 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Alloys 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Phase Field Crystal Modeling of Pure Materials 167\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Generic Properties of Periodic Systems 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Periodic Free Energies and the Swift–Hohenberg Equation 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Static Analysis of the SH Equation 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Dynamical Analysis of the SH Equation 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Phase Field Crystal Modeling 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Equilibrium Properties in a One-Mode Approximation 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Three Dimensions: BCC Lattice 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Two Dimensions: Triangular Rods 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.3 One-Dimensional Planes 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Elastic Constants of PFC Model 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 PFC Dynamics 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Vacancy Diffusion 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Multiscale Modeling: Amplitude Expansions (Optional) 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.1 One Dimension 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.2 Two Dimensions 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.3 Three Dimensions 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.4 Rotational Invariance 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.5 Parameter Fitting 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Phase Field Crystal Modeling of Binary Alloys 209\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 A Two-Component PFC Model for Alloys 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Constant Density Approximation: Liquid 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Constant Concentration Approximation: Solid 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Simplification of Binary Model 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Equilibrium Properties: Two Dimensions 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Equilibrium Properties: Three Dimensions (BCC) 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 PFC Alloy Dynamics 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Applications of the Alloy PFC Model 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendices 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix A Thin Interface Limit of a Binary Alloy Phase Field Model 225\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.1 Phase Field Model 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.2 Curvilinear Coordinate Transformations 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.3 Length and Timescales 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.4 Matching Conditions between Outer and Inner Solutions 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.5 Outer Equations Satisfied by Phase Field Model 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.6 Inner Expansion of Phase Field Equations 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.6.1 Inner Expansion of Phase Field Equation (A37) at Different Orders 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.6.2 Inner Expansion of Concentration Equation (A38) at Different Orders 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.6.3 Inner Chemical Potential Expansion 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.7 Analysis of Inner Equations and Matching to Outer Fields 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.7.1 Φ(1) Phase Field Equation (A40) 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.7.2 Φ(1) Diffusion Equation (A43) 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.7.3 Φ(Ꜫ) Phase Field Equation (A41) 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.7.4 Φ(Ꜫ) Diffusion Equation (A44) 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.7.5 Φ(Ꜫ\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e) Phase Field Equation (A42) 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.7.6 Φ(Ꜫ\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e) Diffusion Equation (A45) 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.8 Summary of Results of Sections A.2–A. 7 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.8.1 Effective Sharp Interface Limit of Equations (A2) 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.8.2 Interpretation of Thin Interface Limit Correction Terms 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.9 Elimination of Thin Interface Correction Terms 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.9.1 Modifying the Phase Field Equations 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.9.2 Changes Due to the Altered Form of Bulk Chemical Potential 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.9.3 Changes Due to the Addition of Antitrapping Flux 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.9.4 Analysis of Modified Φ(Ꜫ) Inner Diffusion Equation 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.9.5 Analysis of Modified Φ(Ꜫ\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e) Inner Phase Field Equation 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.9.6 Analysis of Modified Φ(Ꜫ\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e) Inner Diffusion Equation 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix B Basic Numerical Algorithms for Phase Field Equations 261\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.1 Explicit Finite Difference Method for Model A 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.1.1 Spatial Derivatives 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.1.2 Time Marching 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.2 Explicit Finite Volume Method for Model B 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.2.1 Discrete Volume Integration 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.2.2 Time and Space Discretization 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.3 Stability of Time Marching Schemes 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.3.1 Linear Stability of Explicit Methods 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.3.2 Nonlinear Instability Criterion for Δt 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.. 3 Nonlinear Instability Criterion for Δx 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.3. 4 Implicit Methods 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB. 4 Semi-Implicit Fourier Space Method 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB. 5 Finite Element Method 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.5. 1 The Diffusion Equation in 1D 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.5. 2 The 2D Poisson Equation 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix C Miscellaneous Derivations 287\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eC.1 Structure Factor: Section 4.6.1 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eC.2 Transformations from Cartesian to Curvilinear Coordinates: Section A.2 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eC.3 Newtons Method for Nonlinear Algebraic Equations: Section 6.9.5 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 293\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743127056727,"sku":"9783527407477","price":107.06,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9783527407477.jpg?v=1720064228"},{"product_id":"nonlinear-optical-borate-crystals-principals-and-applications-9783527410095","title":"Nonlinear Optical Borate Crystals: Principals and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis clear and self-contained review of the last four decades of research highlights in the hot field of nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals, particularly of borate-based ultraviolet and deep-ultraviolet NLO crystals, covers three major subjects: the structure-property relationship in borate crystals, the structural and optical characteristics of various promising borate crystals, and their fruitful applications in a wide range of scientific and technological fields. \u003cbr\u003e Edited by the discoverers and users of these optical borate crystals, this is a readily accessible reading for semiconductor, applied and solid state physicists, materials scientists, solid state chemists, manufacturers of optoelectronic devices, and those working in the optical industry. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface\u003cbr\u003e INTRODUCTION\u003cbr\u003e History of the Theoretical Understanding for Nonlinear Optical Crystals\u003cbr\u003e History of Development on Nonlinear Optical Borate Crystals\u003cbr\u003e Crystal Growth of Nonlinear Borate Crystals and Current Status of Applications\u003cbr\u003e THEORETICAL BASIS TO DEVELOP BORATE NONLINEAR OPTICAL CRYSTALS\u003cbr\u003e BORATE NONLINEAR OPTICAL CRYSTALS FOR FREQUENCY CONVERSION\u003cbr\u003e BBO\u003cbr\u003e LBO Family\u003cbr\u003e KBBF Family\u003cbr\u003e Other Borate Crystals\u003cbr\u003e Borate Crystals in Developing\u003cbr\u003e APPLICATIONS\u003cbr\u003e Rapid Proto-Typing\u003cbr\u003e Semiconductor Industry\u003cbr\u003e - Bia-Hole Drilling\u003cbr\u003e - Annealing\u003cbr\u003e - Marking\u003cbr\u003e - Inspection\u003cbr\u003e Bio-Medical Applications\u003cbr\u003e - Eye Surgery\u003cbr\u003e - Protein Processing\u003cbr\u003e Advanced Instrument Making\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743127089495,"sku":"9783527410095","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"solid-state-properties-from-bulk-to-nano-9783662559208","title":"Solid State Properties: From Bulk to Nano","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book fills a gap between many of the basic solid state physics and materials sciencebooks that are currently available. It is written for a mixed audience of electricalengineering and applied physics students who have some knowledge of elementaryundergraduate quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics. This book, based on asuccessful course taught at MIT, is divided pedagogically into three parts: (I) ElectronicStructure, (II) Transport Properties, and (III) Optical Properties. Each topic is explainedin the context of bulk materials and then extended to low-dimensional materials whereapplicable. Problem sets review the content of each chapter to help students to understandthe material described in each of the chapters more deeply and to prepare them to masterthe next chapters.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCrystal Lattices in Real and Reciprocal Space.- Electronic Properties of Solids.- Weak and Tight Binding Approximations for Simple Solid State Models.- Examples of Energy Bands in Solids.- Effective Mass Theory.- Lattice Vibrations.- Basic Transport Phenomena.- Thermal Transport.- Electron and Phonon Scattering.- Magneto-transport Phenomena.- Transport in Low Dimensional Systems.- Two Dimensional Electron Gas, Quantum Wells \u0026amp; Semiconductor Superlattices.- Magneto-Oscillatory and Other Effects Associated with Landau Levels.- The Quantum Hall Effect (QHE).- Review of Fundamental Relations for Optical Phenomena.- Drude Theory–Free Carrier Contribution to the Optical Properties.- Interband Transitions.- Absorption of Light in Solids.- Optical Properties of Solids Over a Wide Frequency Range.- Impurities and Excitons.- Luminescence and Photoconductivity.- Optical Study of Lattice Vibrations.","brand":"Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH \u0026 Co. KG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743141704023,"sku":"9783662559208","price":104.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"engineered-cementitious-composites-ecc-bendable-concrete-for-sustainable-and-resilient-infrastructure-9783662584378","title":"Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC):","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis is the first book on Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC), an advanced concrete material attracting world-wide attention in both the academic community and in industry. The book presents a comprehensive coverage of the material design methodology, processing methodology, mechanical and durability properties, smart functions, and application case studies. It combines effective use of illustrations, graphical data, and tables. It de-emphasizes mathematics in favor of physical understanding. The book serves as an introduction to the subject matter, or as a reference to those conducting research in ECC. It will also be valuable to engineers who need to quickly search for relevant information in a single comprehensive text.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction to Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC).- Micromechanics and Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Design Basis.- Processing of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC).- Mechanical Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC).- Constitutive Modeling of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC).- Resiliency of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Structural Members.- Durability of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) and Reinforced ECC (R\/ECC) Structural Members.- Sustainability of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Infrastructure.- Applications of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC).- Multi-functional Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC).","brand":"Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH \u0026 Co. KG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743142392151,"sku":"9783662584378","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"mechanics-of-materials-9789386768759","title":"Mechanics of Materials","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSafety of material is the top priority in the design of any product. Proper understanding of mechanics of the deformable bodies is required to provide safety to any material. This book deals with the basic principles of strength of materials with respect to deformable bodies. Strength of materials or elements of mechanics of materials is an important subject for civil, mechanical, industrial production, aeronautical and automobile engineering students who are required to acquire wide knowledge of basic mechanism involved in mechanics. It is a vast field and is largely taught at the undergraduate level. The topics are covered with relevant conceptual explanation and with illustrative examples in nine modules. Several complicated topics like failure theories and compound stress are covered with explanation. Numerical examples have been solved covering all complexities. At the end of each chapter, a sufficient number of problems are provided as exercise.","brand":"I K International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743251116375,"sku":"9789386768759","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"carbon-materials-science-and-applications-9789811200939","title":"Carbon Materials: Science And Applications","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e'The field of carbon materials is huge and often difficult to comprehend, but this book is easy to read and methodically covers the subject, including presenting materials properties and performance data with clear illustrations and graphs. References include relevant older and up-to-date sources of information. The book is tutorial style in nature and is an excellent resource for senior undergraduates, graduate students, researchers, and anyone who wants to learn more about carbon and incorporate carbon materials into new applications.'MRS BulletinElemental carbon materials take numerous forms including graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon black, activated carbon, fullerene and diamond. These forms differ greatly in the structure, properties, fabrication method, and applications. The applications of these carbon forms include electronic, electromagnetic, electrochemical, environmental and biomedical applications. Carbon materials are a subject of intense research, with strong relevance to both science and technology.This book provides a tutorial-style and up-to-date coverage of the carbon forms. In addition to an introductory chapter on carbon materials, the book includes chapters on graphite, graphene, carbon black, activated carbon, carbon fibers, and carbon nanofibers\/nanotubes. For example, the chapter on graphite covers various materials in the graphite family, including polycrystalline graphite, pyrolytic graphite, turbostratic carbon, intercalated graphite, graphite oxide, exfoliated graphite and flexible graphite, in addition to their electronic and mechanical properties.This book is suitable for use as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in science and engineering, and as a reference book for professionals. It is dedicated to the memory of the author's PhD thesis advisor, Professor M S Dresselhaus (1930-2017) of Massachusetts Institute of Technology.","brand":"World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743275757911,"sku":"9789811200939","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"hybrid-organic-inorganic-perovskites-physical-properties-and-applications-in-4-volumes-9789811240980","title":"Hybrid Organic Inorganic Perovskites: Physical","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis four-volume handbook gives a state-of-the-art overview of hybrid organic inorganic perovskites, both two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D), from synthesis and characterization and simulation to optoelectronic devices (such as solar cells and light emitting diodes), spintronics devices and catalysis application. The editors, coming from academia and national laboratory, are known for their didactic skills as well as their technical expertise. Coordinating the efforts of 30 expert authors in 21 chapters, they construct the story of hybrid perovskite structural and optical properties, electronic and spintronic response, laser action, and catalysis from varied viewpoints: materials science, chemical engineering, and energy engineering. The four volumes are arranged according to the focus material properties. Volume 1 is focused on the material physical properties including structure, deposition characteristic and the structure of the electronic bands and excitons of these compounds. Volume 2 covers the hybrid perovskite optical properties including the ultrafast optical response, photoluminescence and laser action. Volume 3 contains the spin response of these compounds including application such as spin valves, photogalvanic effect, and magnetic response of light emitting diodes and solar cell devices. Finally, and highly relevant to tomorrow's energy challenges, volume 4 is focused on the physics and device properties of the most relevant applications of the hybrid perovskites, namely photovoltaic solar cells. The text contains many high-quality colorful illustrations and examples, as well as thousands of up-to-date references to peer-reviewed articles, reports and websites for further reading. This comprehensive and well-written handbook is a must-have reference for universities, research groups and companies working with the hybrid organic inorganic perovskites.","brand":"World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743280968023,"sku":"9789811240980","price":729.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9789811240980.jpg?v=1720064904"},{"product_id":"the-plaston-concept-plastic-deformation-in-structural-materials-9789811677144","title":"The Plaston Concept: Plastic Deformation in","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis open access book presents the novel concept of plaston, which accounts for the high ductility or large plastic deformation of emerging high-performance structural materials, including bulk nanostructured metals, hetero-nanostructured materials, metallic glasses, intermetallics, and ceramics.The book describes simulation results of the collective atomic motion associated with plaston, by computational tools such as first-principle methods with predictive performance and large-scale atom-dynamics calculations. Multi-scale analyses with state-of-the art analytical tools nano\/micro pillar deformation and nano-indentation experiments are also described. Finally, through collaborative efforts of experimental and computational work, examples of rational design and development of new structural materials are given, based on accurate understanding of deformation and fracture phenomena.This publication provides a valuable contribution to the field of structural materials research.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePart I. Introduction.- 1. Plaston induced plasticity in bulk nanostructured metals.- Part II. Simulation of plaston and plaston induced phenomena.- 2. Nucleation of plaston at surface and interface of metallic materials.- 3. Atomistic study of plaston in nanostructured metals.- 4. First principles calculations of collective motion of atoms in metals.- 5. Machine learning interatomic potentials with controlled accuracy.- 6. First principles calculations of dislocation cores in HCP metals.- Part III. Experimental analyses of plaston.- 7. STEM observation of plaston in alumina.- 8. Micro-pillar deformation experiments of brittle intermetallics in steel.- 9. Nano-indentation study of steels.- 10. Synchrotron x-ray study on plaston in metals.- 11. Improvement of fatigue lifetime by controlling plaston at crack tip.- Part IV. Design and development of high performance structural materials.- 12. Development of bulk nanostructured steels.- 13. Design and development of high Mn steels.- 14. Design and development novel magnesium alloys.","brand":"Springer Verlag, Singapore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743291879767,"sku":"9789811677144","price":40.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9789811677144.jpg?v=1720064954"},{"product_id":"the-plaston-concept-plastic-deformation-in-structural-materials-9789811677175","title":"The Plaston Concept: Plastic Deformation in","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis open access book presents the novel concept of plaston, which accounts for the high ductility or large plastic deformation of emerging high-performance structural materials, including bulk nanostructured metals, hetero-nanostructured materials, metallic glasses, intermetallics, and ceramics.The book describes simulation results of the collective atomic motion associated with plaston, by computational tools such as first-principle methods with predictive performance and large-scale atom-dynamics calculations. Multi-scale analyses with state-of-the art analytical tools nano\/micro pillar deformation and nano-indentation experiments are also described. Finally, through collaborative efforts of experimental and computational work, examples of rational design and development of new structural materials are given, based on accurate understanding of deformation and fracture phenomena.This publication provides a valuable contribution to the field of structural materials research.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePart I. Introduction.- 1. Plaston induced plasticity in bulk nanostructured metals.- Part II. Simulation of plaston and plaston induced phenomena.- 2. Nucleation of plaston at surface and interface of metallic materials.- 3. Atomistic study of plaston in nanostructured metals.- 4. First principles calculations of collective motion of atoms in metals.- 5. Machine learning interatomic potentials with controlled accuracy.- 6. First principles calculations of dislocation cores in HCP metals.- Part III. Experimental analyses of plaston.- 7. STEM observation of plaston in alumina.- 8. Micro-pillar deformation experiments of brittle intermetallics in steel.- 9. Nano-indentation study of steels.- 10. Synchrotron x-ray study on plaston in metals.- 11. Improvement of fatigue lifetime by controlling plaston at crack tip.- Part IV. Design and development of high performance structural materials.- 12. Development of bulk nanostructured steels.- 13. Design and development of high Mn steels.- 14. Design and development novel magnesium alloys.","brand":"Springer Verlag, Singapore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743292076375,"sku":"9789811677175","price":33.24,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9789811677175.jpg?v=1720064956"},{"product_id":"reinforced-concrete-basic-theory-and-standards-9789811929199","title":"Reinforced Concrete: Basic Theory and Standards","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book is intended to establish a bridge between the GB 50010, Fib MC2010, BS 8110 and ACI 318 or EC2. The respective pros and cons of different theories and methods according to various standards are compared or analyzed. Undergraduate and graduate students, foreign exchange students of international classes at Chinese universities who desire to work in China, or who are willing to work abroad in the field of civil engineering can benefit from the book. As such, this book provides valuable knowledge and useful design methods based on the different theories or guidelines.\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eChapter 1. Introduction.-  Chapter 2. Mechanical Behaviour of Materials.- Chapter 3. Limit State Design.- Chapter 4. Steel Reinforced Concrete Beams.- Chapter 5. Diagonal Section Strength subjected to Bending.- Chapter 6. Torsion Members.- Chapter 7. Compression Members – Columns.- Chapter 8. Tension Members.- Chapter 9. Limit State of Serviceability.- Chapter 10. Girder-Beam-Slab System.- Chapter 11. Prestressed Concrete.\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Springer Verlag, Singapore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743293190487,"sku":"9789811929199","price":42.74,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9789811929199.jpg?v=1723812657"},{"product_id":"welding-simulations-using-abaqus-a-practical-guide-for-engineers-9789811913228","title":"Welding Simulations Using ABAQUS: A Practical","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book presents the use of ABAQUS software in a simplified manner, for use in welding-related issues. Increasing human needs leads to the creation of complicated scientific problems. In the majority of these problems, it is necessary to join different parts and geometries together. Classical methods such as elasticity theory of stress distribution and governing equations of temperature distribution are not appropriate for solving these complicated problems. To overcome these challenges, finite element methods are proposed in order to solve different processes using differential equation. ABAQUS is a user-friendly commercial finite element software for modeling different processes in mechanical, civil, aerospace and other engineering fields. This book contains unified and detailed tutorials for professionals and students who are interested in simulating different welding processes using the ABAQUS finite element software. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 1: Introduction to Friction Stir Welding (FSW).- Chapter 2: Thermomechanical Analysis.- Chapter 3: Finite Element Modeling of FSW.- Chapter 4: Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method.- Chapter 5: Post Processor and Visualization of the Results.- Chapter 6: Thermomechanical Simulation of FSW Using User Defined Subroutine Modeling Technique.- Conclusions.- References.\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e  ​","brand":"Springer Verlag, Singapore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743293419863,"sku":"9789811913228","price":71.24,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9789811913228.jpg?v=1720064960"},{"product_id":"amorphous-chalcogenides-advances-and-applications-9789814411295","title":"Amorphous Chalcogenides: Advances and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the chalcogenide glass science and various applications based on the glasses. It starts with a review on the glass-forming ability of various systems, followed by a discussion on the structural and physical properties of various chalcolgenide glasses and their application in integrated optics. The chapters have been contributed by prominent experts from all over the world, and therefore, the book presents the recent research advances in the area. This book will appeal to anyone who is involved in glass science and technology and glass application.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eGlass formation in several novel chalcogenide systems. Relaxation and Fragility in Chalcogenide Network Glasses. Photoinduced deformations in chalcogenide glasses. Structural and Physical Properties of GexAsySe1-x-y Glasses. Atomistic Modeling and Simulations of Chalcogenide Glasses. Broadband Near Infrared Photoluminescence of Doped Chalcogenide glasses. Thin Film and Fiber Structures for Chemical and Biological Sensing. Fabrication of Passive and Active Tellurite Thin Films and Waveguides for Integrated Optics. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pan Stanford Publishing Pte Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743299252567,"sku":"9789814411295","price":109.25,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9789814411295.jpg?v=1720064987"},{"product_id":"engineering-materials-1-9780081020517","title":"Engineering Materials 1","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Engineering Materials and Their Properties   Part A: Price and Availability2. Price and Availability of Materials   Part B: Elastice Moduli3. Elastic Moduli4. Bonding between Atoms5. Packing of Atoms in Solids6. Physical Basis of Young’s Modulus7. Applications of Elastic Deformation8. Case Studies in Modulus-Limited Design   Part C: Yield Strength, Tensile Strength, and Ductility9. Yield Strength, Tensile Strength, and Ductility10. Dislocations and Yielding in Crystals11. Strengthening and Plasticity of Polycrystals12. Continuum Aspects of Plastic Flow13. Case Studies in Yield-Limited Design   Part D: Fast Fracture, Brittle Fracture, and Toughness14. Fast Fracture and Toughness15. Micromechanisms of Fast Fracture16. Fracture Probability of Brittle Materials17. Case Studies in Fracture   Part E: Fatigue Failure18. Fatigue Failure19. Fatigue Design20. Case Studies in Fatigue Failure   Part F: Creep Deformation and Fracture21. Creep Deformation and Fracture22. Kinetic Theory of Diffusion23. Mechanisms of Creep, and Creep-Resistant Materials24. The Turbine Blade—A Case Study in Creep-Limited Design   Part G: Oxidation and Corrosion25. Oxidation of Materials26. Case Studies in Dry Oxidation27. Wet Corrosion of Materials28. Case Studies in Wet Corrosion   Part H: Friction and Wear29. Friction and Wear30. Case Studies in Friction and Wear   Part I: Thermal Properties31. Thermal Expansion32. Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat33. Final Case Study:Materials and Energy in Car Design   Appendix","brand":"Elsevier Science \u0026 Technology","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48864150946135,"sku":"9780081020517","price":45.59,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780081020517.jpg?v=1722270625"},{"product_id":"materials-9780081023761","title":"Materials","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Introduction: materials-history and character 2. Family trees: organising materials and processes 3. Strategic thinking: matching material to design 4. Elastic stiffness, and weight: atomic bonding and packing 5. Stiffness-limited design 6. Beyond elasticity: plasticity, yielding and ductility 7. Strength-limited design 8. Fracture and fracture toughness 9. Cyclic loading and fatigue failure 10. Fracture- and fatigue-limited design 11. Friction and wear 12. Materials and heat 13. Diffusion and creep: materials at high temperatures 14. Durability: oxidation, corrosion, degradation 15. Electrical materials: conductors, insulators, and dielectrics 16. Magnetic materials 17. Materials for optical devices 18. Manufacturing processes and design 19. Processing, microstructure and properties 20. Materials, environment, and sustainability Guided Learning Unit 1: Simple ideas of crystallography Guided Learning Unit 2: Phase diagrams and phase transformations Appendix A: Data for engineering materials Appendix B: Corrosion tables Appendix C: Material properties and length scales","brand":"Elsevier Science \u0026 Technology","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48864150978903,"sku":"9780081023761","price":56.95,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780081023761.jpg?v=1722270627"},{"product_id":"alice-in-quantumland-an-allegory-of-quantum-physics-9780387914954","title":"Alice in Quantumland An Allegory of Quantum","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Into Quantumland; 2. The Heisenberg Bank; 3. The Mechanic's Institute; 4. The Copenhagen School; 5. The Fermi-Bose Academy; 6. Virtual Reality; 7. Atoms in the Void; 8. Castle Rutherford; 9. The Particle MASSquerade; 10. The Experimental Physics Phun Phair\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Into Quantumland; 2. The Heisenberg Bank; 3. The Mechanic's Institute; 4. The Copenhagen School; 5. The Fermi-Bose Academy; 6. Virtual Reality; 7. Atoms in the Void; 8. Castle Rutherford; 9. The Particle MASSquerade; 10. The Experimental Physics Phun Phair","brand":"Springer-Verlag New York Inc.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48864540393815,"sku":"9780387914954","price":28.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"stuff-matters-exploring-the-marvelous-materials-that-shape-our-manmade-world-9780544483941","title":"Stuff Matters Exploring the Marvelous Materials","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Mariner Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48865019494743,"sku":"9780544483941","price":15.29,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780544483941.jpg?v=1722273438"},{"product_id":"modal-testing-9781119222897","title":"Modal Testing","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe practical, clear, and concise guide for conducting experimental modal tests\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eModal Testing: A Practitioner''s Guid\u003c\/i\u003e\u003ci\u003ee\u003c\/i\u003e outlines the basic information necessary to conduct an experimental modal test. The text draws on the author's extensive experience to cover the practical side of the concerns that may arise when performing an experimental modal test. Taking a hands-on approach, the book explores the issues related to conducting a test from start to finish. It covers the cornerstones of the basic information needed and summarizes all the pertinent theory related to experimental modal testing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDesigned to be accessible, \u003ci\u003eModal Testing\u003c\/i\u003e presents the most common excitation techniques used for modal testing today and is filled with illustrative examples related to impact testing which is the most widely used excitation technique for traditional experimental modal tests. This practical text is not about developing the details of the theory but rath\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the CompanionWebsite xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart I Overview of Experimental Modal Analysis using the Frequency Response Method 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction to ExperimentalModal Analysis: A Simple Non-mathematical Presentation 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Could you Explain Modal Analysis to Me? 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Just what are these Measurements called FRFs? 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Why is Only One Row or Column of the FRF Matrix Needed? 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 What’s the Difference between a Shaker Test and an Impact Test? 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 What Measurements do we Actually make to Compute the FRF? 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 What’s the Most ImportantThing toThink about when Impact Testing? 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 What’s the Most ImportantThing toThink about when Shaker Testing? 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Tell me More AboutWindows; They Seem Pretty Important! 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 So how do we get Mode Shapes from the Plate FRFs? 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Modal Data and Operating Data 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.1 What is Operating Data? 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.2 So what Good is Modal Data? 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.3 So Should I Collect Modal Data or Operating Data? 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Closing Remarks 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 General Theory of Experimental Modal Analysis 37\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Basic Modal AnalysisTheory – SDOF 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Single Degree of Freedom System Equation 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Single Degree of Freedom System Response due to Harmonic Excitation 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Damping Estimation for Single Degree of Freedom System 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.4 Response Assessment with Varying Damping 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.5 Laplace Domain Approach for Single Degree of Freedom System 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.6 System Transfer Function 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.7 Different Forms of the Transfer Function 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.8 Residue of the SDOF System 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.9 Frequency Response Function for a Single Degree of Freedom System 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.10 Transfer Function\/Frequency Response Function\/S-plane for a Single Degree of Freedom System 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.11 Frequency Response Function Regions for a Single Degree of Freedom System 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.12 Different Forms of the Frequency Response Function 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.13 Complex Frequency Response Function 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Basic Modal AnalysisTheory – MDOF 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Multiple Degree of Freedom System Equations 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Laplace Domain for Multiple Degree of Freedom System 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 The Frequency Response Function 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Mode Shapes from Frequency Response Equations 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.5 Point-to-Point Frequency Response Function 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.6 Response of Multiple Degree of Freedom System to Harmonic Excitations 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.7 Example: Cantilever Beam Model with Three Measured DOFs 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.8 Summary of Time, Frequency, and Modal Domains 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.9 Response due to Forced Excitation using Mode Superposition 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Summary 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 General Signal Processing andMeasurements Related to Experimental Modal Analysis 93\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Time and Frequency Domain 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Some General Information Regarding Data Acquisition 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Digitization of Time Signals 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Quantization 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 ADC Underload 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 ADC Overload 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 AC Coupling 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 SamplingTheory 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Aliasing 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 What is the Fourier Transform? 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9.1 Fourier Transform and Discrete Fourier Transform 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9.2 FFT: Periodic Signal 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9.3 FFT: Non-periodic Signal 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10 Leakage and Minimization of Leakage 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10.1 Minimization of Leakage 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11 Windows and Leakage 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11.1 RectangularWindow 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11.2 HanningWindow 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11.3 Flat TopWindow 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11.4 Comparison ofWindows withWorst Leakage Distortion Possible 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11.5 Comparison of Rectangular, Hanning and Flat TopWindow 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11.6 ForceWindow 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11.7 ExponentialWindow 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11.8 Convolution of theWindow in the Frequency Domain 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.12 Frequency Response Function Formulation 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.13 TypicalMeasurements 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.13.1 Time Signal and Auto-power Functions 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.13.2 TypicalMeasurement: Cross Power Function 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.13.3 TypicalMeasurement: Frequency Response Function 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.13.4 TypicalMeasurement: Coherence Function 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.14 Time and Frequency Relationship Definition 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15 Input–Output Model with Noise 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15.1 H1 Formulation: Output Noise Only 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15.2 H2 Formulation: Output Noise Only 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15.3 H1 Formulation: Input Noise Only 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15.4 H2 Formulation: Input Noise Only 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.16 Summary 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Excitation Techniques 131\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Impact Excitation Technique 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Impact Hammer 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Hammer Impact Tip Selection 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Useful Frequency Range for Impact Excitation 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 ForceWindow for Impact Excitation 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.5 Pre-trigger Delay 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.6 Double Impact 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.7 Response due to Impact 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.8 Roving Hammer vs Stationary Hammer and Reciprocity 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.9 Impact Testing: an Example Set of Measurements 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Shaker Excitation 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Modal Shaker Setup 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Historical Development of Shaker Excitation Techniques 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Swept Sine Excitation 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Pure Random Excitation 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.5 Pure Random Excitation withWindows Applied 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.6 Pure Random Excitation with Overlap Processing 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.7 Pseudo-random Excitation 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.8 Periodic Random Excitation 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.9 Burst Random Excitation 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.10 Sine Chirp Excitation 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.11 Digital Stepped Sine Excitation 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Comparison of Different Excitations for aWeldment Structure 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Random Excitation with NoWindow 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Random Excitation with HanningWindow 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Burst Random Excitation with NoWindow 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Sine Chirp Excitation with NoWindow 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.5 Comparison of Random, Burst Random and Sine Chirp 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.6 Comparison of Random and Burst Random at Resonant Peaks 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.7 Linearity Check Using Sine Chirp 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Multiple-input,Multiple-outputMeasurement 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Multiple Input vs Single Input Testing 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Multiple Input vs Single Input for aWeldment Structure 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.3 Multiple Input vs Single Input Testing 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.4 Comparison of Multiple Input and Single Input forWeldment Structure 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.5 MIMO Measurements on a Multi-component Structure 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Summary 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Modal Parameter Estimation Techniques 189\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 ExperimentalModal Analysis 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Least Squares Approximation of Data 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Classification of Modal Parameter Estimation Techniques 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Extraction of Modal Parameters 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Peak Picking Technique 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Circle Fitting – Kennedy and Pancu 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 SDOF Polynomial 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 Residual Effects of Out of Band Modes 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.5 MDOF Polynomial 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.6 Least Squares Complex Exponential 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.7 Advanced Forms of Time and Frequency Domain Estimators 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.8 General Time Domain Techniques 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.9 General Frequency Domain Techniques 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.10 General Consideration for Time vs Frequency Representation 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.11 Additional Remarks on Modal Parameter Estimation 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.12 Two Step Process for Modal Parameter Estimation 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Mode Identification Tools 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Summation Function 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Mode Indicator Function 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 Complex Mode Indicator Function 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.4 Stability Diagram 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.5 PolyMAX 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Modal Model Validation Tools 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 Synthesis of Frequency Response Functions using Extracted Parameters 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 Modal Assurance Criterion 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.3 Mode Participation Factors 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.4 Mode Overcomplexity 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.5 Mean Phase Co-linearity and Mean Phase Deviation 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Operating Modal Analysis 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Summary 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart II Practical Considerations for ExperimentalModal Testing 221\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Test Setup Considerations 223\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Test Plan? 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 How Many Modes Required? 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Frequency Range of Interest? 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Transducer Possibilities? 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Test Configurations? 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 How Many Measurement Points Needed? 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Excitation Techniques 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Miscellaneous Items to Consider 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Summary 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Impact Testing Considerations 247\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Hammer Impact Location 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Hammer Tip and Frequency Range 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Hammers for Different Size Structures 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 How Does Impact Skew and Deviation of Input Point Affect theMeasurement? 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Skewed Impact Force 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Inconsistent Impact Force Location 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Impact Hammer Frequency Bandwidth 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Accelerometer ICP Considerations for Low Frequency Measurements 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Considerations for Reciprocity Measurements 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Roving Hammer vs Roving Accelerometer 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Picking a Good Reference Location 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Multiple Impact Difficulties and Considerations 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10.1 Academic Structure 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10.2 LargeWind Turbine Blade 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11 What is “Filter Ring” during an Impact Measurement? 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12 Test Bandwidth MuchWider than Desired Frequency Range 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.13 Why Does the Structure Response Need to Come to Zero at the End of the Sample Time? 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.14 Measurements with no Overload but Transducers are Saturated 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.14.1 Case 1: Sensitive Accelerometer with ExponentialWindow 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.14.2 Case 2: Sensitive Accelerometer with NoWindow 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.14.3 Case 3: Less Sensitive Accelerometer with NoWindow 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.15 How much Roll Off in the Input Hammer Force Spectrum is Acceptable? 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.16 Can the Hammer be Switched in the Middle of a Test to Avoid Double Impacts? 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.17 Closing Remarks 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Shaker Testing Considerations 293\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 General Hardware Related Issues 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 General Information about Shakers and Amplifiers 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 What is the Difference between the Constant Current and Constant Voltage Settings on the Shaker Amplifier? 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Some Shakers have a Trunnion: Is it Really Needed andWhy Do You Have It? 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.4 Where is the Best Location to Place a Shaker for a Modal Test? 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.5 How Should the Shaker be Constrained when Testing? 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.6 What’s the BestWay to Support a Shaker for Lateral Vibration When it is Hung? 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.7 What are the Most Common Practical Failures with Shaker Setup? 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.8 What is the Correct Level of Shaker Excitation for Modal Testing? 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.9 How many Shakers should I use in my Modal Test? 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.10 Shaker and Stinger Alignment Issues 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.11 When should the Shaker be Attached to the Structure? 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.12 Should I Disconnect the Stingers while not Testing? 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.13 Force Gage or Impedance Head must be Mounted on Structure Side of Stinger? 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.14 What’s an Impedance Head? Why use it?Where does it go? 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Stinger Related Issues 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Why should Stingers be used? 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Can a Poorly Designed Shaker\/Stinger Setup Produce Incorrect Results? 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Stingers and their Effect on Measured Frequency Response Functions 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3.1 Stinger Location 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3.2 Stinger Alignment 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3.3 Stinger Length 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3.4 Stinger Type 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3.5 Sleeved Stingers 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3.6 How do PianoWire StingersWork? How are they Pretensioned?? 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Shaker Related Issues 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Is MIMO needed for Structures with DirectionalModes? 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Shaker Force Levels and SISO vs MIMO Considerations 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2.1 High Shaker Force Levels 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2.2 High Shaker Force Levels 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2.3 Effects of FRF Measurements in the Modal Parameter Estimation Process 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Concluding Remarks 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Insight intoModal Parameter Estimation 327\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introductory Remarks 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Mode Indicator Tools Help Identify Modes 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 SDOF vsMDOF for a Simple System 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Local vs Global: MACL Frame 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Repeated Root: Composite Spar 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Wind Turbine Blade: Same Geometry but Very Different Modes 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Stability Diagram Demystified 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Curvefitting Demystified 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Curvefitting Different Bands for the Poles and Residues 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10 Synthesizing the FRF from Parameters from Several Bands Stitched Together 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11 A Large Multiple Reference Modal Test Parameter Estimation 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.1 Case 1: Use of All Measured FRFs 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.2 Case 2: Use of Selected Sets of Measured FRFs 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.3 Case 3: Use of PolyMAX 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.12 Operating Modal Analysis 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.13 Concluding Remarks 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 General Considerations 365\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 An ExperimentalModal Test: a Thought Process Divulged 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 FFT Analyzer Setup 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 General FFT Analyzer Setup 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Setup for Impact Testing 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Setup for Shaker Testing 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Log Sheets 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Practical Considerations: Checklists 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Checklist for Analyzer Setup 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Checklist for Impact Testing 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Checklist for Shaker Testing 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.4 Checklist for Measurement Adequacy 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.5 Checklist for Miscellaneous 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Summary 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix: Logbook Forms 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Tips, Tricks, and Other Stuff 395\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Modal Testing Primer 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1 Impact Setup 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.2 Shaker Setup 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.3 Drive Point Measurements 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.4 Reciprocity 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.5 Inappropriate Reference Location 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.6 Multiple-input,Multiple-output Testing 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.7 Multiple Reference Testing 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Impact Hammer and Impulsive Excitation 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 The Right Hammer for the Test 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Hammer – Get the Swing of it 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Hammer Tripod 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.4 Hammer tip selection 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.5 No Hammer: Improvise 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.6 Pete’s Hammer Test Impact Ritual 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Accelerometer Issues 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Mass Loading 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Mass Loading Effects from Tri-axial Accelerometers 404\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Accelerometer Sensitivity Selection 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4 Tri-axial Accelerometers 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Curvefitting Considerations 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 Should all Measurements be used when Curvefitting 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Blue Frame with Three Plate Subsystem 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Miscellaneous Issues 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.1 Modal Test Axis Labels 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.2 Testing Does Not Need to Start at point 1 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.3 Test to aWider Frequency Range 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.4 Ui times Uj; the key to many questions 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Summary 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Linear Algebra: Basic Operations Needed forModal Analysis Operations 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.1 Define a Matrix 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.2 Define a Column Vector 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.3 Define a Row Vector 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.4 Define a Diagonal Matrix 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.5 Define Matrix Addition 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.6 Define Matrix Scalar Multiply 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.7 Define Matrix Multiply 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.8 Matrix Multiplication Rules 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.9 Transpose of a Matrix 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.10 Transposition Rules 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.11 Symmetric Matrix Rules 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.12 Define a Matrix Inverse 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.13 Matrix Inverse Properties 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.14 Define an Eigenvalue Problem 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.15 Generalized Inverse 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.16 Singular Value Decomposition 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB Example Using Two Degree of Freedom System: Eigenproblem 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eC Pole, Residue, and FRF Problem for 2-DOF System 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eD Example using Three Degree of Freedom System 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eE DYNSYSWebsite Materials 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eE.1 Technical Materials Developed 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eE.1.1 Theoretical Aspects of First and Second Order Systems 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eE.1.2 First Order Systems: Modeling Step with ODE and Block Diagram 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eE.1.3 Second Order Systems: Modeling Step, Impulse, IC with ODE and Block Diagram 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eE.1.4 MathematicalModeling Considerations 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eE.1.5 Simulink and MATLAB Primer Materials 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eE.1.6 Miscellaneous Materials 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eE.2 DYNSYS.UML.EDUWebsite 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eF Basic Modal Analysis Information 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eF.1 SDOF Definitions 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eF.1.1 Damping Estimates 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eF.1.2 System Transfer Function 464\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eF.1.3 Different Forms of the System Transfer Function 464\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eF.1.4 Frequency Response Function 465\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eF.2 MDOF Definitions 466\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart III Collection of Sets of Modal Data Collected for Processing 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eG Repeated Root Frame: Boundary Condition Effects 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eG.1 Corner Supports Set #1 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eG.2 Midlength Supports Set #2 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eG.3 Modal Correlation between Set #1 and Set #2 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eH Radarsat Satellite Testing 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eH.1 Data Reduction Set 1: Reference BUS:109:Z, BUS:118:Z, PMS:217:X and PMS:1211:Y 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eH.2 Data Reduction Set 2: Reference PMS:217:X and PMS:1211:Y 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eI Demo Airplane Testing 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eI.1 Impact Testing 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eI.2 SIMO Testing with Skewed Shaker 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eI.3 MIMO Testing with Two Vertical Modal Shakers 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJ Whirlpool Dryer Cabinet Modal Testing 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eK GM MTU Automobile Round Robin Modal Testing 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eL UML Composite Spar Modal Testing 505\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eM UML BUHModal Testing 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eN Nomenclature 515\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 519\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48866389754199,"sku":"9781119222897","price":96.85,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119222897.jpg?v=1722278420"},{"product_id":"fundamentals-of-heat-exchanger-design-9781119883265","title":"Fundamentals of Heat Exchanger Design","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eAbout the Authors xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface to the Second Edition xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface to the First Edition xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Companion Website xxxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Heat Exchangers: Semantics 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Heat Transfer in a Heat Exchanger 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Modeling a Heat Exchanger 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Irreversibilities in Heat Exchangers 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Thermodynamic Irreversibility and Temperature Cross Phenomena 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Heuristic Approach to an Assessment of Heat Exchanger Effectiveness 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Energy, Exergy, and Cost Balances in the Analysis of Heat Exchangers 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Performance Evaluation Criteria Based on the Second Law of Thermodynamics 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Overview of Heat Exchanger Design Methodology: The Art 63\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Heat Exchanger Design Methodology 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Interactions Among Design Considerations 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Heat Exchanger Design for Manufacturing 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Thermal Design for Recuperators 91\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Heat Flow and Thermal Resistance 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Heat Exchanger Design Variables\/Parameters 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 The ε-NTU Method 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Effectiveness-NTU Relationships 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 The P-NTU Method 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 P-NTU Relationships 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 The Mean Temperature Difference Method 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 F Factors for Various Flow Arrangements 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 Comparison of the ε-NTU, P-NTU, and MTD Methods 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10 The υ-P and P1-P2 Methods 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11 Solution Methods for Determining Exchanger Effectiveness 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.12 Heat Exchanger Design Problems 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Relaxation of Design Assumptions. Extended Surfaces 189\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Longitudinal Wall Heat Conduction Effects 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Nonuniform Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Extended Surface Exchangers 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Additional Considerations for Shell-and-Tube Exchangers 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Flow Maldistribution 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Thermal Design of Regenerators 283\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Heat Transfer Analysis 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 The (ε-NTUo) Method 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 The Λ-Π Method 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Influence of Longitudinal Wall Heat Conduction 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Influence of Transverse Wall Heat Conduction 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Influence of Pressure and Carryover Leakages 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Influence of Matrix Material, Size, and Arrangement 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Heat Exchanger Pressure Drop Analysis 341\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Extended Surface Heat Exchanger Pressure Drop 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Regenerator Pressure Drop 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Tubular Heat Exchanger Pressure Drop 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Plate Heat Exchanger Pressure Drop 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Pressure Drop Associated with Fluid Distribution Elements 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Pressure Drop Presentation 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Pressure Drop Dependence on Geometry and Fluid Properties 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Surface Heat Transfer and Flow Friction Characteristics 379\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Basic Concepts 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Dimensionless Groups 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Experimental Techniques for Determining Surface Characteristics 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Analytical and Semiempirical Heat Transfer and Friction Factor Correlations for Simple Geometries 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Experimental Heat Transfer and Friction Factor Correlations for Complex Geometries 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Influence of Temperature-Dependent Fluid Properties 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Influence of Superimposed Free Convection 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Influence of Superimposed Radiation 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Geometry of Heat Exchangers' Surfaces 489\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Tubular Heat Exchangers 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Tube-Fin Heat Exchangers 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Regenerators With Continuous Cylindrical Passages 508\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Shell-and-Tube Exchangers with Segmental Baffles 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Gasketed Plate Heat Exchangers 519\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Heat Exchanger Design Procedures 521\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Fluid Mean Temperatures 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers 524\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Tube-Fin Heat Exchangers 547\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Plate Heat Exchangers 548\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers 560\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Note on Heat Exchanger Optimization 578\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Selection of Heat Exchangers and Their Components 581\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Selection Criteria Based on Operating Parameters 581\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 General Selection Guidelines for Major Exchanger Types 587\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Some Quantitative Considerations 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A Classification of Heat Exchangers 631\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix B P-NTU Relationships 699\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 713\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 725\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48866423079255,"sku":"9781119883265","price":102.6,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781119883265.jpg?v=1722278574"}],"url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/collections\/materials-science.oembed?page=47","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}