{"title":"Electricity, electromagnetism and magnetism Books","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"nikola-tesla-and-the-electrical-future-9781785786174","title":"Nikola Tesla and the Electrical Future","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e'[This] crisply succinct, beautifully synthesized study brings to life Tesla, his achievements and failures...and the hopeful thrum of an era before world wars.' - \u003ci\u003eNature\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNikola Tesla is one of the most enigmatic, curious and controversial figures in the history of science. An electrical pioneer as influential in his own way as Thomas Edison, he embodied the aspirations and paradoxes of an age of innovation that seemed to have the future firmly in its grasp. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn an era that saw the spread of power networks and wireless telegraphy, the discovery of X-rays, and the birth of powered flight, Tesla made himself synonymous with the electrical future under construction but opinion was often divided as to whether he was a visionary, a charlatan, or a fool. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIwan Rhys Morus examines Tesla's life in the context of the extraordinary times in which he lived and worked, colourfully evoking an age in which anything seemed possible, from capturing the full energy of Niagara to communicating with Mars.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eShattering the myth of the 'man out of time', Morus demonstrates that Tesla was in all ways a product of his era, and shows how the popular image of the inventor-as-maverick-outsider was deliberately crafted by Tesla - establishing an archetype that still resonates today.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSuperb\u003c\/b\u003e * Nick Smith, Engineering and Technology magazine *\u003cbr\u003e[This] crisply succinct, beautifully synthesized study brings to life Tesla, his achievements and failures...and the hopeful thrum of an era before world wars. -- Nature\u003cbr\u003eThere have been other Tesla biographies, but this is the one I have been waiting for ... Tesla, he shows us, was - like his one-time boss and rival Thomas Edison - inventing nothing less than the electrified future. -- Philip Ball, author of Invisible: The Dangerous Allure of the Unseen\u003cbr\u003eClear and engaging ... a pleasure to read * Physics Today *","brand":"Icon Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47851264704855,"sku":"9781785786174","price":8.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"an-entertainment-for-angels-icon-science-electricity-in-the-enlightenment-9781785782077","title":"An Entertainment for Angels (Icon Science):","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eElectricity was the scientific fashion of the Enlightenment, 'an Entertainment for Angels, rather than for Men'. Lecturers attracted huge audiences to marvel at sparkling fountains, flaming drinks, pirouetting dancers and electrified boys. Enlightenment optimists predicted that this new-found power of nature would cure illnesses, improve crop production, even bring the dead back to life. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBenjamin Franklin, better known as one of America's founding fathers, played a key role in developing the new instruments and theories of electricity during the eighteenth century. Celebrated for drawing lightning down from the sky with a kite, Franklin was an Enlightenment expert on electricity, developing one of the most successful explanations of this mysterious phenomenon.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBut Patricia Fara, Senior Tutor of Clare College Cambridge, reveals how the study of electricity became intertwined with Enlightenment politics. By demonstrating their control of the natural world, Enlightenment philosophers hoped to gain authority over society. And their stunning electrical performances provided dramatic evidence of their special powers.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eVividly captures the ferment created by the new science of the Enlightenment... Fara deftly shows how new knowledge emerged from a rich mix of improved technology, medical quackery, Continental theorising, religious doubt and scientific rivalry. -- New Scientist\u003cbr\u003eNeat and stylish... Fara's account of Benjamin Franklin's circle of friends and colleagues brings them squabbling, eureka-ing to life. -- Guardian\u003cbr\u003eCombines telling anecdote with wise commentary... presents us with numerous tasty and well-presented historical morsels -- Times Higher Education Supplement","brand":"Icon Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47851266703703,"sku":"9781785782077","price":8.09,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781785782077.jpg?v=1710631820"},{"product_id":"with-stars-in-their-eyes-the-extraordinary-lives-and-enduring-genius-of-aden-and-marjorie-meinel-9780190915674","title":"With Stars in Their Eyes The Extraordinary Lives","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface  Acknowledgments    Chapter 1: From Tomahawks to Telescopes  Chapter 2: Rising Stars  Chapter 3: The Rocketeers  Chapter 4: Foreign Intelligence Across the Rhine  Chapter 5: Lights in the Night Sky  Chapter 6: Genius Blooms  Chapter 7: The People's Observatory  Chapter 8: Opportunity Knocks - Doors Open Wide  Chapter 9: Inventing Modern Optical Sciences  Chapter 10: Power for the People  Donald E. Osborn  Chapter 11: A View to National Security  Chapter 12: In Space at Last  Chapter 13: Slowly Fades the Supernova    Appendix 1: List of Acronyms and Abbreviations  Appendix 2: Literature by Aden and Marjorie Meinel  Appendix 3: Select publications of Edison Pettit, Hannah Steele Pettit, and Helen Pettit Knaflich  References  Index","brand":"Oxford University Press Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732548727127,"sku":"9780190915674","price":32.84,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780190915674.jpg?v=1719997377"},{"product_id":"the-earths-magnetic-field-9780192862686","title":"The Earths Magnetic Field","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe book describes and explains the Earth's magnetic field, its historical importance, and various ways in which geomagnetism is used, including the analysis of modern satellite-based investigations.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA well written and gentle introduction to geomagnetism. It will undoubtedly become the standard introductory text on the subject. * Wyn Williams, University of Edinburgh *\u003cbr\u003eWell written, accessible and up-to-date, and does a very good job in explaining complex processes in a simple way. * Phil Livermore, University of Leeds *\u003cbr\u003eA high-quality and comprehensive account of Earth's magnetism for intelligent non-experts, well written and scientifically sound. * Christopher Finlay, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1: What is magnetism? 1.1 The discovery of magnetism 1.2 The Earth as a magnet 1.3 The origin of magnetic fields 1.4 Electrical currents and magnetic fields 1.5 Magnetism at atomic level: the Bohr model of the atom 1.6 Spectral analysis and the Zeeman effect 1.7 Electromagnetism 1.8 Particle radiation 2: How the geomagnetic field is measured 2.1 Measurement of magnetic field direction 2.2 Measurement of magnetic field intensity 2.3 Vector magnetometers 2.4 Scalar magnetometers 2.5 Magnetic gradiometers 2.6 Terrestrial magnetic surveying 2.7 Magnetic observatories 2.8 Satellite mapping of the global magnetic field 2.9 The geomagnetic field at the Earth's surface 3: Sources of the Earth's magnetic field 3.1 The Earth's internal structure 3.2 Pressure and temperature in the Earth 3.3 Dipole and multipole fields 3.4 Internal and external sources of the magnetic field 3.5 Spherical harmonic analysis of the internal field 3.6 The international geomagnetic reference field 3.7 Spatial power spectrum of the internal field 3.8 The lithospheric magnetic field 4: The geomagnetic dynamo 4.1 The concept of a self-sustaining dynamo 4.2 Heat transport in the core 4.3 The Coriolis force due to the Earth's rotation 4.4 Magnetohydrodynamics and the frozen-flux concept 4.5 The dynamo model for the origin of the internal magnetic field 4.6 The magnetic influence of the inner core 4.7 The magnetic field at the core-mantle boundary 4.8 Archeomagnetic secular variation of paleointensity 4.9 The geomagnetic field in the early Earth 5: The magnetism of the Earth's Crust 5.1 Physical properties of the crust and mantle 5.2 Crystal rock types 5.3 Types of magnetism in minerals 5.4 Antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic minerals 5.5 Induced and remanent magnetizations 5.6 The thickness of the magnetized crustal layer 5.7 How a magnetic anomaly originates 5.8 Continental magnetic anomalies 5.9 The magnetization of the oceanic crust 5.10 The age of the ocean floor 6: The ancient geomagnetic field 6.1 The natural remanent magnetizations of rocks 6.2 The geocentric axial dipole hypothesis 6.3 Methods of paleomagnetism 6.4 Apparent polar wander and continental reconstructions 6.5 Geomagnetic polarity reversals 6.6 Magnetic polarity stratigraphy 6.7 Geomagnetic polarity in the Early Mesozoic and Paleozoic 6.8 The geomagnetic field in the Precambrian 7: The effects of solar activity on the geomagnetic field 7.1 The internal structure of the Sun 7.2 Energy transfer in the Sun 7.3 Sunspots and the solar cycle 7.4 The Sun's magnetic field 7.5 The solar wind 7.6 The interplanetary magnetic field 7.7 Coronal mass ejections and solar flares 8: The magnetosphere and ionosphere 8.1 The magnetosphere 8.2 The Van Allen radiation belts 8.3 The ionosphere 8.4 Electromagnetic induction in the crust and mantle 8.5 Magnetic storms and substorms 8.6 Space weather Free","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732602827095,"sku":"9780192862686","price":24.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780192862686.jpg?v=1719997603"},{"product_id":"particulate-and-granular-magnetism-9780192873118","title":"Particulate and Granular Magnetism","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAimed primarily at experimental chemists, physicists, electronic engineers and material scientists interested in particulate and granular magnetic materials, this textbook is the culmination of over 40 years'' research into the subject.The text is divided into two parts. Part One covers the basic physics of magnetism from a relatively low level, including an explanation of some of the unusual terminology in magnetism such as the idea of poles and flux, whose origins are little understood. The complexity of the unit systems in magnetism are also presented. Thereafter a brief review of the principles of domain theory is presented and thermal activation effects and their correct measurement are discussed in some detail. The topic of exchange bias, where an antiferromagnetic material is grown in intimate contact with a ferromagnet, is presented in significant detail reviewing old theories and numerical models but then focusing on what has become known as the York Model of Exchange Bias whi\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBoth a topical and established subject that is fundamental to the fabrication and development of a wide range of existing and emerging engineering devices. * David Cardwell, University of Cambridge *\u003cbr\u003eA high quality text for the physics and many technological applications of magnetism. * E. Dan Dahlberg, University of Minnesota *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePART I - BASIC CONCEPTS 1: Concepts, Terminology and Units 2: Magnetic Domains 3: Thermal Activation Effects 4: Exchange Bias 5: Magneto-Resistance PART II - APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES AND GRANULAR THIN FILMS 6: Ferrofluids 7: Magnetic Recording 8: Magnetic Random Access Memory (MRAM) 9: Outlook for Future Developments Appendix A - Demagnetising Factors for a Prolate and Oblate Spheroids Free","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732608397655,"sku":"9780192873118","price":45.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780192873118.jpg?v=1719997632"},{"product_id":"magnetism-in-condensed-matter-9780198505914","title":"Magnetism in Condensed Matter","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAn understanding of the quantum mechanical nature of magnetism has led to the development of new magnetic materials which are used as permanent magnets, sensors, and information storage. Behind these practical applications lie a range of fundamental ideas, including symmetry breaking, order parameters, excitations, frustration, and reduced dimensionality.This superb new textbook presents a logical account of these ideas, staring from basic concepts in electromagnetsim and quantum mechanics. It outlines the origin of magnetic moments in atoms and how these moments can be affected by their local environment inside a crystal. The different types of interactions which can be present between magnetic moments are described. The final chapters of the book are devoted to the magnetic properties of metals, and to the complex behaviour which can occur when competing magnetic interactions are present and\/or the system has a reduced dimensionality. Throughout the text, the theorectical principles are applied to real systems. There is substantial discussion of experimental techniques and current reserach topics. The book is copiously illustrated and contains detailed appendices which cover the fundamental principles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eI can warmly recommend this book to anyone considering giving a course on magnetism and for those students of condensed matter physics, who have no access to such a course ... it is also very useful and enjoyable reading for those who have been working in magnetism for some time and have felt the lack of a systematic review of the subject. * Contemporary Physics *\u003cbr\u003e... the reader or student obtains a very thorough and systematic background in which to place the large variety of subject matter. * Contemporary Physics *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Introduction ; 2. Isolated magnetic moments ; 3. Environments ; 4. Interactions ; 5. Order and magnetic structures ; 6. Order and broken symmetry ; 7. Magnetism in metals ; 8. Competing interactions and low dimensionality ; Appendix A: Units in electromagnetism ; Appendix B: Electromagnetism ; Appendix C: Quantum and atomic physics ; Appendix D: Energy in magnetism and demagnetism ; Appendix E: Statistical mechanics ; Appendix F: List of symbols ; Index","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732762898775,"sku":"9780198505914","price":38.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198505914.jpg?v=1719998292"},{"product_id":"introduction-to-nanophotonics-9780198786139","title":"Introduction to Nanophotonics","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe aim of this textbook is to provide an overview of nanophotonics, a discipline which was developed around the turn of the millennium. This unique and rapidly evolving subject area is the result of a collaboration between various scientific communities working on different aspects of light-matter interaction at the nanoscale. These include near-field optics and super-resolution microscopy, photonic crystals, diffractive optics, plasmonics, optoelectronics, synthesis of metallic and semiconductor nanoparticles, two-dimensional materials, and metamaterials. The book is aimed at graduate students with a background in physics, electrical engineering, material science, or chemistry, as well as lecturers and researchers working within these fields.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe last decade has seen a true revolution in the field of nanophotonics. This textbook provides a comprehensive overview at an introductory level, written by three eminent figures in the field. It will be invaluable to students and researchers alike. * Andrea Alù, City University of New York *\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction to Nanophotonics is more than a treatise on photons and electrons being lost on tiny metallic islands or in a jungle of nano-structured materials; the authors discuss numerous useful configurations while ensuring the reader does not lose sight of the underlying principles, including an unprecedentedly clear description of the role of plasmons. * Dieter Pohl, University of Basel *\u003cbr\u003eThis is a comprehensive, unified account of the subject of nanophotonics written by highly respected members of the optics and solid-state physics communities. * Mark Fox, University of Sheffield *\u003cbr\u003eWritten by leading authorities working at the cutting edge of the field, this textbook is a uniquely comprehensive, coherent, and rigorous introduction to nanophotonics. * Lucio Andreani, University of Pavia *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePart I - Basics of Electromagnetic Optics 1: Basics of Electrodynamics of Continuous Media 2: Radiation 3: Electrodynamics in Material Media: Constitutive Relations 4: Propagation 5: Reflection and Refraction at an Interface 6: Guided Modes 7: Basics of Resonators and Cavities Part II - Optical Properties of Confined Electrons 8: Semiconductors and Quantum Wells 9: More Conned Electrons : Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires Part III - Advanced Concepts in Nanophotonics 10: Fundamental Concepts of Near-Field Optics 11: Introduction to Super-Resolution Optical Imaging 12: Scattering. Green Tensor and Local Density of Electromagnetic States Part IV - Plasmonics 13: Propagating Surface Plasmons 14: Localized Surface Plasmons Part V - Articial Media: Photonics Crystals and Meta-Materials 15: Propagation in Periodic Media (I) : Bloch Modes and Homogenization 16: Propagation in Periodic Media (II): Photonic Crystals 17: Periodic Waveguide 18: Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Part VI - Confined Photons: Nanoantennas, Microcavities and Optoelectronic Devices 19: Controlling Light-Matter Interaction at the Nanoscale with Cavities and Nanoantennas 20: From Nanophotonics to Devices Part VII - Fluctuational Electrodynamics 21: Fluctuational Electrodynamics","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732783182167,"sku":"9780198786139","price":67.45,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198786139.jpg?v=1719998382"},{"product_id":"waves-9780198803782","title":"Waves","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWe live in a world of waves. The Earth shakes to its foundations, the seas and oceans tremble incessantly, sounds reverberate through land, sea, and air. Beneath the skin, our brains and bodies are awash with waves of their own, and the Universe is filled by a vast spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, of which visible light is the narrowest sliver. Casting the net even wider, there are mechanical waves, quantum wave phenomena, and the now clearly detected gravitational waves. Look closer and deeper and more kinds of waves appear, down to the most fundamental level of reality. This Very Short Introduction looks at all the main kinds of wave, their sources, effects, and uses. Mike Goldsmith discusses how wave motion results in a range of phenomena, from reflection, diffraction, interference, and polarization in the case of light waves to beats and echoes for sound. All waves, however different, share many of the same features, and, as Goldsmith shows, for all their complexities many of their behaviours are fundamentally simple.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1: Waves in essence2: Water waves3: Sound waves4: Seismic waves5: Biological waves6: Electromagnetic waves7: Gravitational waves8: Quantum wavesFurther readingIndex","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732789440855,"sku":"9780198803782","price":9.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198803782.jpg?v=1719998406"},{"product_id":"sonar-to-quartz-clock-9780198878735","title":"Sonar to Quartz Clock","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSonar to Quartz Clock examines how the unapplied phenomenon of piezoelectricity became applied for technologies such as sonar, crystal frequency control, the quartz clock, and how its research has consequently changed during WWI and the interwar period. It aims at reconstructing, for the first time, the fascinating history of the inventions and the development of these highly important technologies, which are still in extensive use, and which were crucial for the electronic revolution, arguably the most important technological developments of the twentieth century.On this basis, this book suggests a better and more nuanced understanding of the relationships between modern science and technology and the process of development and innovation of science-based technologies. It examines in particular the mutual transfer and transformation of knowledge between them including the way physics becomes practically applicable, the way applications and societal interests shape technology and scien\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCovers an extremely rich case of interplay between science and technology, and greatly contributes to correcting the common prejudice that relativity and quantum physics were the sole important innovations of the early twentieth century. * Olivier Darrigol, University Paris-Diderot *\u003cbr\u003eExamines in fascinating detail how the phenomenon of piezoelectricity was transformed from so-called pure physics to technically useful devices. Clearly written and well structured, and of high scholarly quality. * Helge Kragh, Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen *\u003cbr\u003eA fresh and insightful approach to the ways in which physics, technology, and innovation are entangled. * Gisela Mateos, UNAM, Mexico City *\u003cbr\u003eProvides a substantial case study that casts new light on the scholarship of the science-technology relationship and uses some of its major findings to further the understanding of the process of technological innovations. * Chen-Pang Yeang, University of Toronto *","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732826763607,"sku":"9780198878735","price":42.75,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198878735.jpg?v=1719998570"},{"product_id":"an-introduction-to-quantum-optics-and-quantum-fluctuations-oxford-graduate-texts-9780198892687","title":"An Introduction to Quantum Optics and Quantum","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis is an introduction to the quantum theory of light and its broad implications and applications. The book covers material with direct relevance to current basic and applied research, such as quantum fluctuations and their role in laser physics and the theory of forces between macroscopic bodies. Includes many exercises and historical sidelights.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFor the student who requires a broader understanding of quantum optics beyond a first course, this book is a treasure trove that will reward many hours of independent study beyond the introductory course. * Jonathan Blakely, , Contemporary Physics *\u003cbr\u003ePeter Milonnis text is a masterpiece of scholarship and clarity. The wide range of topics covered and the lucidity of the presentation will delight students and experts alike. * Stephen M. Barnett, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1: Elements of Classical Electrodynamics 2: Atoms in Light: Semiclassical Theory 3: Quantum Theory of the Electromagnetic Field 4: Interaction Hamiltonian and Spontaneous Emission 5: Atoms and Light: Quantum Theory 6: Fluctuations, Dissipation, and Noise 7: Dipole Interactions and Fluctuation-Induced Forces","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732828500311,"sku":"9780198892687","price":39.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780198892687.jpg?v=1719998579"},{"product_id":"superconductivity-9780199540907","title":"Superconductivity","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSuperconductivity is one of the most exciting areas of research in physics today. Outlining the history of its discovery, and the race to understand its many mysterious and counter-intuitive phenomena, this Very Short Introduction explains in accessible terms the theories that have been developed, and how they have influenced other areas of science, including the Higgs boson of particle physics and ideas about the early Universe. It is an engaging and informative account of a fascinating scientific detective story, and an intelligible insight into some deep and beautiful ideas of physics.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. What is superconductivity? ; 2. The quest for low temperatures ; 3. The discovery of superconductivity ; 4. Expulsion ; 5. Pairing up ; 6. Symmetry ; 7. Before the breakthrough ; 8. High-temperature superconductivity ; 9. The making of the new superconductors ; 10. What have superconductors ever done for us? ; Dramatis personae ; Further Reading ; Index","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732856287575,"sku":"9780199540907","price":9.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199540907.jpg?v=1719998690"},{"product_id":"light-9780199682690","title":"Light","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLight enables us to see the world around us. Our sense of sight provides us with direct information about space and time, the physical arrangement of the world, and how it changes. This almost universal shared sensation of vision has led to a fascination with the nature and properties of light across the ages. But the light we see is just a small part of the whole spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, ranging from radio waves to gamma rays.In this Very Short Introduction Ian Walmsley discusses early attempts to explain light, and the development of apparently opposing particulate and wave theories by scientists such as Isaac Newton and Christiaan Huygens. He shows how light was recognized as an electromagnetic wave in the 19th century, and the development of the quantum mechanics view of wave-particle duality in the 20th century. He also describes the many applications of light, domestic and scientific, such as microwaves, DVDs, and lasers. We now use the whole range of electromagnetic radiation to peer both into the human body and deep into space. Turning to the future of optics, Walmsley concludes by looking at some of the most exciting new developments using quantum light sources in communications and computing.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ea solid little collection of material on the nature of light. * Popularscience.com *\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. What is light? ; 2. Rays ; 3. Waves ; 4. Duality ; 5. Light matters ; 6. Light, space and time ; 7. Lighting the frontiers ; 8. Quantum Light ; 9. Twilight ; Further Reading ; Index","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48732882993495,"sku":"9780199682690","price":9.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780199682690.jpg?v=1719998804"},{"product_id":"cosmic-magnetic-fields-53-cambridge-astrophysics-series-number-53-9780521631631","title":"Cosmic Magnetic Fields 53 Cambridge Astrophysics","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMagnetic fields are important in the Universe and their effects contain the key to many astrophysical phenomena that are otherwise impossible to understand. This book presents an up-to-date overview of this fast-growing topic and its interconnections to plasma processes, astroparticle physics, high energy astrophysics, and cosmic evolution. The phenomenology and impact of magnetic fields are described in diverse astrophysical contexts within the Universe, from galaxies to galaxy clusters, the filaments and voids of the intergalactic medium, and out to the largest redshifts. The presentation of mathematical formulae is accessible and is designed to add insight into the broad range of topics discussed. Written for graduate students and researchers in physics, astrophysics and related disciplines, this volume will inspire readers to devise new ways of thinking about magnetic fields in space on galaxy scales and beyond.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e'This book presents the current state of measurement and modeling of cosmic magnetic fields. It will be of interest to researchers in the area and individuals with a graduate-level background in physics who may be considering the field … a well-written and well-referenced introduction.' E. Kincanon, Choice\u003cbr\u003e'I don't really expect to have to teach a course on cosmic magnetism, but if I did, I would want Kronberg (or anyhow his book) by my side …' Virginia Tremble, The Observatory: A Review of Astronomy\u003cbr\u003e'[This book] explores the standard galactic α–ω dynamo theory …, axisymmetric and bisymmetric magnetic field structures of spiral galaxies (including our own), micro-Gauss magnetic fields in the intracluster medium, ancient magnetic fields still retained by fossil radio sources, and other equally thought-provoking topics. … Despite the far-from-easy subject, the discussions are actually not too difficult to follow. Besides those directly involved in the research, other readers with some background in astrophysics will likewise find them stimulating.' B. Ishak, Contemporary Physics\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. A brief history and background; 2. Methods for probing magnetic fields in astrophysical systems; 3. Mechanisms for magnetic field generation and regeneration; 4. Nearby galactic objects as a microcosm of the effects of astrophysical magnetic fields; 5. Magnetic field configurations in large galaxies; 6. Magnetic field outflow into the IGM from stellar and supernova activity; 7. Extragalactic scale jets and their magnetized lobes; 8. Distribution of magnetic energy into the IGM; 9. Magnetic fields associated with clusters and groups of galaxies; 10. Magnetic fields beyond galaxy clusters; 11. Intergalactic cosmic rays and magnetic fields; 12. Magnetic fields at earlier cosmological epochs since recombination; 13. Magnetic fields at and before the recombination epoch; 14. Magnetic fields and some fundamental physics questions; Index.","brand":"Cambridge University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48733855187287,"sku":"9780521631631","price":155.02,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"electricity-and-magnetism-9781107014022","title":"Electricity and Magnetism","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFor 50 years, Edward M. Purcell''s classic textbook has introduced students to the world of electricity and magnetism. The third edition has been brought up to date and is now in SI units. It features hundreds of new examples, problems, and figures, and contains discussions of real-life applications. The textbook covers all the standard introductory topics, such as electrostatics, magnetism, circuits, electromagnetic waves, and electric and magnetic fields in matter. Taking a nontraditional approach, magnetism is derived as a relativistic effect. Mathematical concepts are introduced in parallel with the physics topics at hand, making the motivations clear. Macroscopic phenomena are derived rigorously from the underlying microscopic physics. With worked examples, hundreds of illustrations, and nearly 600 end-of-chapter problems and exercises, this textbook is ideal for electricity and magnetism courses. Solutions to the exercises are available for instructors at www.cambridge.org\/Purcel\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e'Although the basic physics remains largely unchanged, the Purcell and Morin book has many clarifying discussions … and most chapters end with current applications and a summary. Solutions to the problems represent roughly one-quarter of the text - they are a most welcome addition, particularly for self-study. (Purcell wrote out a solution manual by hand - mainly for instructors! - to accompany his first edition).' H. Henry Stroke, Physics Today\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. Electrostatics: charges and fields; 2. The electric potential; 3. Electric fields around conductors; 4. Electric currents; 5. The fields of moving charges; 6. The magnetic field; 7. Electromagnetic induction; 8. Alternating-current circuits; 9. Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic waves; 10. Electric fields in matter; 11. Magnetic fields in matter; Appendixes; References; Index.","brand":"Cambridge University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48738234106199,"sku":"9781107014022","price":55.09,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781107014022.jpg?v=1723811843"},{"product_id":"michael-faraday-and-the-electrical-century-icon-science-9781785782671","title":"Michael Faraday and the Electrical Century (Icon","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe only scientist to ever appear on the British twenty pound note, Michael Faraday is one of the most recognisable names in the history of science.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFaraday's forte was electricity, a revolutionary force in nineteenth-century society. The electric telegraph had made mass-communication possible and inventors looked forward to the day when electricity would control all aspects of life. By the end of the century, this dream was well on its way to being realised. But what was Faraday's role in all this? How did his science come to have such an impact on the lives of the Victorians (and ultimately on us)?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIwan Morus tells the story of Faraday's upbringing in London and his apprenticeship at the Royal Institution under the supervision of the flamboyant chemist, Sir Humphry Davy, all set against the backdrop of a vibrant scientific culture and an empire near the peak of its power.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Icon Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48741370495319,"sku":"9781785782671","price":7.19,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781785782671.jpg?v=1720057377"},{"product_id":"nikola-tesla-and-the-electrical-future-9781785785467","title":"Nikola Tesla and the Electrical Future","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e'[This] crisply succinct, beautifully synthesized study brings to life Tesla, his achievements and failures...and the hopeful thrum of an era before world wars.' - \u003ci\u003eNature\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNikola Tesla is one of the most enigmatic, curious and controversial figures in the history of science. An electrical pioneer as influential in his own way as Thomas Edison, he embodied the aspirations and paradoxes of an age of innovation that seemed to have the future firmly in its grasp. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn an era that saw the spread of power networks and wireless telegraphy, the discovery of X-rays, and the birth of powered flight, Tesla made himself synonymous with the electrical future under construction but opinion was often divided as to whether he was a visionary, a charlatan, or a fool. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIwan Rhys Morus examines Tesla's life in the context of the extraordinary times in which he lived and worked, colourfully evoking an age in which anything seemed possible, from capturing the full energy of Niagara to communicating with Mars.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eShattering the myth of the 'man out of time', Morus demonstrates that Tesla was in all ways a product of his era, and shows how the popular image of the inventor-as-maverick-outsider was deliberately crafted by Tesla - establishing an archetype that still resonates today.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSuperb\u003c\/b\u003e * Nick Smith, Engineering and Technology magazine *\u003cbr\u003e[This] crisply succinct, beautifully synthesized study brings to life Tesla, his achievements and failures...and the hopeful thrum of an era before world wars. -- Nature\u003cbr\u003eThere have been other Tesla biographies, but this is the one I have been waiting for ... Tesla, he shows us, was - like his one-time boss and rival Thomas Edison - inventing nothing less than the electrified future. -- Philip Ball, author of Invisible: The Dangerous Allure of the Unseen\u003cbr\u003eClear and engaging ... a pleasure to read * Physics Today *","brand":"Icon Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48741373706583,"sku":"9781785785467","price":11.69,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781785785467.jpg?v=1720057387"},{"product_id":"electromagnetism-principles-and-modern-applications-with-exercises-and-solutions-9781800613614","title":"Electromagnetism - Principles And Modern","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eElectromagnetism is one of the four fundamental forces in nature, and underlies almost everything we experience in our daily lives, whether we realise it or not. The complete theory was first written down in the late 19th century, and remains an essential part of a scientific education. The mathematics behind the theory, however, can be intimidatingly complex. Furthermore, it is not always clear to beginners why the theory is either useful or interesting, nor how it relates to modern research in theoretical physics.The aim of this book is to guide students towards a detailed understanding of the full theory of electromagnetism, including its practical applications. Later chapters introduce more modern formulations of the theory than are found in traditional undergraduate courses, thus bridging the gap between a first course in electromagnetism, and the advanced concepts needed for further study in physics. The final chapter reviews exciting current research stating that possible theories of (quantum) gravity may be much more closely related to electromagnetism than previously thought.Throughout the book, an informal conversational style is used to demystify intimidating concepts. Relevant mathematical ideas are introduced in a self-contained manner, and exercises are provided with full solutions to aid understanding. This book is essential reading for anyone undertaking a physics degree, but will also be of interest to engineers and chemists.","brand":"World Scientific Europe Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48741754601815,"sku":"9781800613614","price":72.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781800613614.jpg?v=1720058696"},{"product_id":"physics-of-solar-cells-the-9781860943492","title":"Physics Of Solar Cells, The","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book provides a comprehensive introduction to the physics of the photovoltaic cell. It is suitable for undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers new to the field. It covers: basic physics of semiconductors in photovoltaic devices; physical models of solar cell operation; characteristics and design of common types of solar cell; and approaches to increasing solar cell efficiency. The text explains the terms and concepts of solar cell device physics and shows the reader how to formulate and solve relevant physical problems. Exercises and worked solutions are included.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"This book is clear and concise, gives adequate references and exercises, it summarizes the symbols and displays clear, legible, and informative illustrations. Nelson's obvious experience in lecturing on solar cells has made this book a most useful and recommendable reading.\"  Hans J Queisser  Max-Planck-Institute of Solid-State Research  Stuttgart, Germany  \"Photovoltaics will play an increasingly important role in a future low-carbon energy economy. Jenny Nelson has provided a splendidly clear, concise and readable account of the basic semiconductor physics of the solar cell, complete with student exercises and solutions. In the two fascinating final chapters, she takes her readers 'beyond the limit' of performance of the present-day crystalline silicon cell, describing advanced design concepts that could provide greatly improved efficiency. Warmly recommended to all who want to know how this beautiful technology really works.\"  Mary Archer  Cambridge University  \"This handy little book offers a pretty comprehensive introduction to the basic physics of the PV cell.\"  Photovoltaic Bulletin  \"This book is more encyclopedic, with clear figures and broad scope. It does a good job of clarifying the fundamental issues and is a less advanced text. It is, therefore, probably more approachable and more useful to the general reader.\"  Physics Today\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePhotons In, Electrons Out: Basic Principles of PV; Electrons and Holes in Semiconductors; Generation and Recombination; Junctions; Analysis of the p-n Junction; Monocrystalline Solar Cells; Thin Film Solar Cells; Managing Light; Over the Limit: Strategies for Higher Efficiency.","brand":"Imperial College Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48742375358807,"sku":"9781860943492","price":45.6,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781860943492.jpg?v=1720061137"},{"product_id":"a-complete-course-on-theoretical-physics-from-classical-mechanics-to-advanced-quantum-statistics-9783030043599","title":"A Complete Course on Theoretical Physics: From","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eKompakt und verständlich führt dieses Lehrbuch in die Grundlagen der theoretischen Physik ein. Dabei werden die üblichen Themen der Grundvorlesungen Mechanik, Elektrodynamik, Relativitätstheorie, Quantenmechanik , Thermodynamik und Statistik in einem Band zusammengefasst, um den Zusammenhang zwischen den einzelnen Teilgebieten besonders zu betonen. Ein Kapitel mit mathematischen Grundlagen der Physik erleichtert den Einstieg. Zahlreiche Übungsaufgaben dienen der Vertiefung des Stoffes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Springer Nature Switzerland AG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743022264663,"sku":"9783030043599","price":56.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9783030043599.jpg?v=1720063782"},{"product_id":"optical-metamaterials-qualitative-models-introduction-to-nano-optics-and-optical-metamaterials-9783319775180","title":"Optical Metamaterials: Qualitative Models:","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis textbook bridges the gap between university courses on electrodynamics and the knowledge needed to successfully address the problem of electrodynamics of metamaterials. It appeals to both experimentalists and theoreticians who are interested in the physical basics of metamaterials and plasmonics. Focusing on qualitative fundamental treatment as opposed to quantitative numerical treatment, it covers the phenomena of artificial magnetization at high frequencies, and discusses homogenization procedures and the basics of quantum dynamics in detail. By considering different phenomena it creates a self-consistent qualitative picture to explain most observable phenomena. This allows readers to develop a better understanding of the concepts, and helps to create a conceptual approach, which is especially important in educational contexts. This clearly written book includes problems and solutions for each chapter, which can be used for seminars and homework, as well as qualitative models that are helpful to students. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePhenomenological Electrodynamics of materials with negative dielectric and magnetic constants.- Homogenization of Maxwell equations – macroscopic and microscopic approaches.- Phenomenological vs multipole models.- Charge dynamics and dielectric\/magnetic constants elaboration.- Plasmons\/Polaritons.- Transmission of light through subwavelength structures.- Multipole approach for homogenization of metamaterials (MM).- “Quantum” MM.","brand":"Springer International Publishing AG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743105986903,"sku":"9783319775180","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"applied-nmr-spectroscopy-for-chemists-and-life-scientists-9783527327744","title":"Applied NMR Spectroscopy for Chemists and Life","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFrom complex structure elucidation to biomolecular interactions - this applicationoriented textbook covers both theory and practice of modern NMR applications.\u003cbr\u003e Part one sets the stage with a general description of NMR introducing important parameters such as the chemical shift and scalar or dipolar couplings. Part two describes the theory behind NMR, providing a profound understanding of the involved spin physics, deliberately kept shorter than in other NMR textbooks, and without a rigorous mathematical treatment of all the physico-chemical computations. Part three discusses technical and practical aspects of how to use NMR. Important phenomena such as relaxation, exchange, or the nuclear Overhauser effects and the methods of modern NMR spectroscopy including multidimensional experiments, solid state NMR, and the measurement of molecular interactions are the subject of part four. The final part explains the use of NMR for the structure determination of selected classes of complex biomolecules, from steroids to peptides or proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.\u003cbr\u003e For chemists as well as users of NMR technology in the biological sciences.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e INTRODUCTION TO NMR SPECTROSCOPY\u003cbr\u003e Our First 1D Spectrum\u003cbr\u003e Some Nomenclature: Chemical Shifts, Line Widths, and Scalar Couplings\u003cbr\u003e Interpretation of Spectra: A Simple Example\u003cbr\u003e Two-Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy: An Introduction\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e PART ONE -\u003cbr\u003e Basics of Solution NMR\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e BASICS OF 1D NMR SPECTROSCOPY\u003cbr\u003e The Principles of NMR Spectroscopy\u003cbr\u003e The Chemical Shift\u003cbr\u003e Scalar Couplings\u003cbr\u003e Relaxation and the Nuclear Overhauser Effect\u003cbr\u003e Practical Aspects\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e 1H NMR\u003cbr\u003e General Aspects\u003cbr\u003e Chemical Shifts\u003cbr\u003e Spin Systems, Symmetry, and Chemical or Magnetic Equivalence\u003cbr\u003e Scalar Coupling\u003cbr\u003e 1H-1H Coupling Constants\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e NMR OF 13C AND HETERONUCLEI\u003cbr\u003e Properties of Heteronuclei\u003cbr\u003e Indirect Detection of Spin-1\/2 Nuclei\u003cbr\u003e 13C NMR Spectroscopy\u003cbr\u003e NMR of Other Main Group Elements\u003cbr\u003e NMR Experiments with Transition Metal Nuclei\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e PART TWO -\u003cbr\u003e Theory of NMR Spectroscopy\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e NUCLEAR MAGNETISM -\u003cbr\u003e A MICROSCOPIC VIEW\u003cbr\u003e The Origin of Magnetism\u003cbr\u003e Spin -\u003cbr\u003e An Intrinsic Property of Many Particles\u003cbr\u003e Experimental Evidence for the Quantization of the Dipole Moment: The Stern-Gerlach Experiment\u003cbr\u003e The Nuclear Spin and Its Magnetic Dipole Moment\u003cbr\u003e Nuclear Dipole Moments in a Homogeneous Magnetic Field: The Zeeman Effect\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e MAGNETIZATION -\u003cbr\u003e A MACROSCOPIC VIEW\u003cbr\u003e The Macroscopic Magnetization\u003cbr\u003e Magnetization at Thermal Equilibrium\u003cbr\u003e Transverse Magnetization and Coherences\u003cbr\u003e Time Evolution of Magnetization\u003cbr\u003e The Rotating Frame of Reference\u003cbr\u003e RF Pulses\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CHEMICAL SHIFT AND SCALAR AND DIPOLAR COUPLINGS\u003cbr\u003e Chemical Shielding\u003cbr\u003e The Spin-Spin Coupling\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e A FORMAL DESCRIPTION OF NMR EXPERIMENTS: THE PRODUCT OPERATOR FORMALISM\u003cbr\u003e Description of Events by Product Operators\u003cbr\u003e Classification of Spin Terms Used in the POF\u003cbr\u003e Coherence Transfer Steps\u003cbr\u003e An Example Calculation for a Simple 1D Experiment\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e A BRIEF INTRODUCTION INTO THE QUANTUM-MECHANICAL CONCEPT OF NMR\u003cbr\u003e Wave Functions, Operators, and Probabilities\u003cbr\u003e Mathematical Tools in the Quantum Description of NMR\u003cbr\u003e The Spin Space of Single Noninteracting Spins\u003cbr\u003e Hamiltonian and Time Evolution\u003cbr\u003e Free Precession\u003cbr\u003e Representation of Spin Ensembles -\u003cbr\u003e The Density Matrix Formalism\u003cbr\u003e Spin Systems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e PART THREE -\u003cbr\u003e Technical Aspects of NMR\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e THE COMPONENTS OF AN NMR SPECTROMETER\u003cbr\u003e The Magnet\u003cbr\u003e Shim Systems and Shimming\u003cbr\u003e The Electronics\u003cbr\u003e The Probehead\u003cbr\u003e The Lock System\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING\u003cbr\u003e The Time Domain Signal\u003cbr\u003e Fourier Transform\u003cbr\u003e Technical Details of Data Acquisition\u003cbr\u003e Data Processing\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES\u003cbr\u003e RF Pulses\u003cbr\u003e Pulsed Field Gradients\u003cbr\u003e Phase Cycling\u003cbr\u003e Decoupling\u003cbr\u003e Isotropic Mixing\u003cbr\u003e Solvent Suppression\u003cbr\u003e Basic 1D Experiments\u003cbr\u003e Measuring Relaxation Times\u003cbr\u003e The INEPT Experiment\u003cbr\u003e The DEPT Experiment\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e THE ART OF PULSE EXPERIMENTS\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e Our Toolbox: Pulses, Delays, and Pulsed Field Gradients\u003cbr\u003e The Excitation Block\u003cbr\u003e The Mixing Period\u003cbr\u003e Simple Homonuclear 2D Sequences\u003cbr\u003e Heteronuclear 2D Correlation Experiments\u003cbr\u003e Experiments for Measuring Relaxation Times\u003cbr\u003e Triple-Resonance NMR Experiments\u003cbr\u003e Experimental Details\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e PART FOUR -\u003cbr\u003e Important Phenomena and Methods in Modern NMR\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e RELAXATION\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e Relaxation: The Macroscopic Picture\u003cbr\u003e The Microscopic Picture: Relaxation Mechanisms\u003cbr\u003e Relaxation and Motion\u003cbr\u003e Measuring 15N Relaxation to Determine Protein Dynamics\u003cbr\u003e Measurement of Relaxation Dispersion\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e THE NUCLEAR OVERHAUSER EFFECT\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e The Formal Description of the NOE: The Solomon Equations\u003cbr\u003e Applications of the NOE in Stereochemical Analysis\u003cbr\u003e Practical Tips for Measuring NOEs\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CHEMICAL AND CONFORMATIONAL EXCHANGE\u003cbr\u003e Two-Site Exchange\u003cbr\u003e Experimental Determination of the Rate Constants\u003cbr\u003e Determination of the Activation Energy by Variable-Temperature NMR Experiments\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e TWO-DIMENSIONAL NMR SPECTROSCOPY\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e The Appearance of 2D Spectra\u003cbr\u003e Two-Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy: How Does It Work?\u003cbr\u003e Types of 2D NMR Experiments\u003cbr\u003e Three-Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy\u003cbr\u003e Practical Aspects of Measuring 2D Spectra\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e SOLID-STATE NMR EXPERIMENTS\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e The Chemical Shift in the Solid State\u003cbr\u003e Dipolar Couplings in the Solid State\u003cbr\u003e Removing CSA and Dipolar Couplings: Magic-Angle Spinning\u003cbr\u003e Reintroducing Dipolar Couplings under MAS Conditions\u003cbr\u003e Polarization Transfer in the Solid State: Cross-Polarization\u003cbr\u003e Technical Aspects of Solid-State NMR Experiments\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e DETECTION OF INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e Chemical Shift Perturbation\u003cbr\u003e Methods Based on Changes in Transverse Relaxation (Ligand-Observe Methods)\u003cbr\u003e Methods Based on Changes in Cross-Relaxation (NOEs) (Ligand-Observe or Target-Observe Methods)\u003cbr\u003e Methods Based on Changes in Diffusion Rates (Ligand-Observe Methods)\u003cbr\u003e Comparison of Methods\u003cbr\u003e Problems\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e PART FIVE -\u003cbr\u003e Structure Determination of Natural Products by NMR\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e CARBOHYDRATES\u003cbr\u003e The Chemical Nature of Carbohydrates\u003cbr\u003e NMR Spectroscopy of Carbohydrates\u003cbr\u003e Quick Identification\u003cbr\u003e A Worked Example: Sucrose\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e STEROIDS\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e A Worked Example: Prednisone\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e The Structure of Peptides and Proteins\u003cbr\u003e NMR of Peptides and Proteins\u003cbr\u003e Assignment of Peptide and Protein Resonances\u003cbr\u003e A Worked Example: The Pentapeptide TP5\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e NUCLEIC ACIDS\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e The Structure of DNA and RNA\u003cbr\u003e NMR of DNA and RNA\u003cbr\u003e Assignment of DNA and RNA Resonances\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e APPENDIX\u003cbr\u003e The Magnetic H and B Fields\u003cbr\u003e Magnetic Dipole Moment and Magnetization\u003cbr\u003e Scalars, Vectors, and Tensors\u003cbr\u003e Properties of Matrices\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743116800343,"sku":"9783527327744","price":999.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"introduction-to-the-classical-theory-of-particles-and-fields-9783540409335","title":"Introduction to the Classical Theory of Particles","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis volume is intended as a systematic introduction to gauge field theory for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in high energy physics. The discussion is restricted to the classical (non-quantum) theory in Minkowski spacetime. Particular attention has been given to conceptual aspects of field theory, accurate definitions of basic physical notions, and thorough analysis of exact solutions to the equations of motion for interacting systems.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eFrom the reviews:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"Russian physicist Kosyakov has written an introduction to classical gauge theory for students of high energy or particle physics. … Extensive reference list. A valuable addition to a university library supporting a program in high energy theory; highly mathematical, so most useful as a resource for undergraduate programs. Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate students; professionals.\" (R. L. Stearns, CHOICE, Vol. 44 (10), June, 2007)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"The classical theory of gauge fields is an important subject that has numerous applications in modern physics. … A nice feature of this book is that this is self contained. All the necessary definitions as well as the technical tools are provided by the author in the main body of the book. … I enjoyed reading the book. … Overall the monograph … can be warmly recommended to any serious student of electrodynamics and gauge theory and to their instructors alike.\" (Yuri N. Obukhov, Annalen der Physik, Vol. 16 (12), 2007)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"Each chapter contains problems and final notes, a useful guide to the history of the subject. … The volume is intended to be an introduction for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in high energy physics. … We mention that it is timely elaborate a unified view of the classical self-interaction problems in classical gauge theories with particular reference to the electrodynamics of point electrons and Yang-Mills interaction of point quarks. The present work is a valuable contribution to this task.\" (Petre P. Teodorescu, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1114 (16), 2007)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"This book is an introduction to classical field theory. Although it was designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, researchers could also benefit from this book. It is intended for mathematical physicists and theoretical physicists. Classical gauge theories are discussed in detail, with great emphasis on self-interactions. … In summary, this is a useful introduction to classical gauge theories that can be recommended both to students (theoretical or mathematical physics), and to specialists and researchers, as a reference book.\" (Giuseppe Nardelli, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2008 c)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eGeometry of Minkowski Space.- Relativistic Mechanics.- Electromagnetic Field.- Solutions to Maxwell's Equations.- Lagrangian Formalism in Electrodynamics.- Self-Interaction in Electrodynamics.- Lagrangian Formalism for Gauge Theories.- Solutions to the Yang?Mills Equations.- Self-Interaction in Gauge Theories.- Generalizations.- Mathematical Appendices.","brand":"Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH \u0026 Co. KG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743130300759,"sku":"9783540409335","price":208.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"linear-and-nonlinear-wave-propagation-9789811231636","title":"Linear And Nonlinear Wave Propagation","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWaves are essential phenomena in most scientific and engineering disciplines, such as electromagnetism and optics, and different mechanics including fluid, solid, structural, quantum, etc. They appear in linear and nonlinear systems. Some can be observed directly and others are not. The features of the waves are usually described by solutions to either linear or nonlinear partial differential equations, which are fundamental to the students and researchers.Generic equations, describing wave and pulse propagation in linear and nonlinear systems, are introduced and analyzed as initial\/boundary value problems. These systems cover the general properties of non-dispersive and dispersive, uniform and non-uniform, with\/without dissipations. Methods of analyses are introduced and illustrated with analytical solutions. Wave-wave and wave-particle interactions ascribed to the nonlinearity of media (such as plasma) are discussed in the final chapter.This interdisciplinary textbook is essential reading for anyone in above mentioned disciplines. It was prepared to provide students with an understanding of waves and methods of solving wave propagation problems. The presentation is self-contained and should be read without difficulty by those who have adequate preparation in classic mechanics. The selection of topics and the focus given to each provide essential materials for a lecturer to cover the bases in a linear\/nonlinear wave course.","brand":"World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743279001943,"sku":"9789811231636","price":72.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"pull-of-history-the-human-understanding-of-magnetism-and-gravity-through-the-ages-9789813223769","title":"Pull Of History, The: Human Understanding Of","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book seeks to understand what bring to pass the birth of modern physics by focusing upon the formation of the concept of force. This would be the first book to note the important role magnetism has played in this process. Indeed, the force between celestial bodies, before the introduction of the Isaac Newtonian gravitational force, is first introduced by Johannes Kepler by analogy with the magnetic force. Moreover, this book, by concentrating our attention on the magnetism, fully describes the developments and the recognition of the force concept during the Middle Ages. The detailed description of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance is a strong point of this book. By discussing and emphasizing on the role accomplished by the magnetic force, this book makes clear the connection between the natural magic and the modern experimental physics. This book will open up a new aspect of the birth of modern physics.","brand":"World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743297188183,"sku":"9789813223769","price":156.6,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9789813223769.jpg?v=1720064977"},{"product_id":"maxwell-equation-inverse-scattering-in-electromagnetism-9789813232693","title":"Maxwell Equation: Inverse Scattering In","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHow can one determine the physical properties of the medium or the geometrical properties of the domain by observing electromagnetic waves? To answer this fundamental problem in mathematics and physics, this book leads the reader to the frontier of inverse scattering theory for electromagnetism.The first three chapters, written comprehensively, can be used as a textbook for undergraduate students. Beginning with elementary vector calculus, this book provides fundamental results for wave equations and Helmholtz equations, and summarizes the potential theory. It also explains the cohomology theory in an easy and straightforward way, which is an essential part of electromagnetism related to geometry. It then describes the scattering theory for the Maxwell equation by the time-dependent method and also by the stationary method in a concise, but almost self-contained manner. Based on these preliminary results, the book proceeds to the inverse problem for the Maxwell equation.The chapters for the potential theory and elementary cohomology theory are good introduction to graduate students. The results in the last chapter on the inverse scattering for the medium and the determination of Betti numbers are new, and will give a current scope for the inverse spectral problem on non-compact manifolds. It will be useful for young researchers who are interested in this field and trying to find new problems.","brand":"World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743297417559,"sku":"9789813232693","price":99.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9789813232693.jpg?v=1720064978"},{"product_id":"competitive-physics-thermodynamics-electromagnetism-and-relativity-9789813238534","title":"Competitive Physics: Thermodynamics,","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWritten by a former Olympiad student, Wang Jinhui, and a Physics Olympiad national trainer, Bernard Ricardo, Competitive Physics delves into the art of solving challenging physics puzzles. This book not only expounds a multitude of physics topics from the basics but also illustrates how these theories can be applied to problems, often in an elegant fashion. With worked examples that depict various problem-solving sleights of hand and interesting exercises to enhance the mastery of such techniques, readers will hopefully be able to develop their own insights and be better prepared for physics competitions. Ultimately, problem-solving is a craft that requires much intuition. Yet this intuition, perhaps, can only be honed by trudging through an arduous but fulfilling journey of enigmas.This is the second part of a two-volume series and will mainly analyze thermodynamics, electromagnetism and special relativity. A brief overview of geometrical optics is also included.","brand":"World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48743297712471,"sku":"9789813238534","price":58.5,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9789813238534.jpg?v=1720064981"},{"product_id":"essentials-of-paleomagnetism-9780520260313","title":"Essentials of Paleomagnetism","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA work on extracting and using rock and paleomagnetic data in archaeological, geological, and geophysical applications. It describes both the theory and the practice of paleomagnetism, covering topics such as the basics of magnetism, geomagnetic fields, how rocks become magnetized, and the various ways of analyzing the magnetism of rocks.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"It should be on the bookshelf of anyone who calls themselves a palaeomagnetist.\" Geological Magazine \"Lives up to its title and does so in a manner that authors of modern science textbooks should seek to emulate.\" Eos Transactions\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1. THE PHYSICS OF MAGNETISM 2. THE GEOMAGNETIC FIELD 3. INDUCED AND REMANENT MAGNETISM 4. MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY AND DOMAINS 5. MAGNETIC HYSTERESIS 6. MAGNETIC MINERALOGY 7. HOW ROCKS GET AND STAY MAGNETIZED 8. APPLIED ROCK (ENVIRONMENTAL) MAGNETISM 9. GETTING A PALEOMAGNETIC DIRECTION 10. PALEOINTENSITY 11. FISHER STATISTICS 12. BEYOND FISHER STATISTICS 13. PALEOMAGNETIC TENSORS 14. THE ANCIENT GEOMAGNETIC FIELD 15. THE GPTS AND MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHY 16. TECTONIC APPLICATIONS OF PALEOMAGNETISM","brand":"University of California Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48864865648983,"sku":"9780520260313","price":42.5,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780520260313.jpg?v=1722273245"},{"product_id":"classical-electromagnetism-in-a-nutshell-9780691130187","title":"Classical Electromagnetism in a Nutshell","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA graduate-level physics textbook that provides a comprehensive treatment of the basic principles and phenomena of classical electromagnetism. It includes applications to many topical subjects, such as magnetic levitation, plasmas, laser beams, and synchrotrons. It features more than 300 problems, with solutions to many of the advanced ones.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"This is a very comprehensive book on classical electromagnetism covering historical introductions, detailed theoretical derivations with additional mathematical clarifications whenever necessary, practical applications, and numerous exercises and examples for teachers and students in this subject. It can certainly be a useful text-book for students as well as a good reference book for professionals in various fields of electromagnetism.\"--Vladimir Cadez, Zentralblatt MATH\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface xv List of symbols xxi Suggestions for using this book xxxi   Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1The field concept 1 2The equations of electrodynamics 2 3A lightspeed survey of electromagnetic phenomena 7 4SI versus Gaussian 10   Chapter 2 Review of mathematical concepts 18 5Vector algebra 18 6Derivatives of vector fields 25 7Integration of vector fields 30 8The theorems of Stokes and Gauss 32 9Fourier transforms, delta functions, and distributions 37 10Rotational transformations of vectors and tensors 45 11Orthogonal curvilinear coordinates 51   Chapter 3 Electrostatics in vacuum 55 12Coulomb's law 55 13The electrostatic potential 57 14Electrostatic energy 58 15Differential form of Coulomb's law 63 16Uniqueness theorem of electrostatics 65 17Solving Poisson's equation: a few examples 68 18Energy in the electric field 71 19The multipole expansion 73 20Charge distributions in external fields 80   Chapter 4 Magnetostatics in vacuum 82 21Sources of magnetic field 82 22The law of Biot and Savart 89 23Differential equations of magnetostatics; Ampere's law 93 24The vector potential 101 25Gauge invariance 105 26  B and  xB for a point dipole 108 27Magnetic multipoles 112   Chapter 5 Induced electromagnetic fields 114 28Induction 114 29Energy in the magnetic field--Feynman's argument 117 30Energy in the magnetic field--standard argument 120 31Inductance 121 32The Ampere-Maxwell law 125 33Potentials for time-dependent fields 128   Chapter 6 Symmetries and conservation laws 132 34Discrete symmetries of the laws of electromagnetism 132 35Energy flow and the Poynting vector 137 36Momentum conservation 140 37Angular momentum conservation* 144 38Relativity at low speeds 148 39Electromagnetic mass* 150   Chapter 7 Electromagnetic waves 152 40The wave equation for E and B 152 41Plane electromagnetic waves 154 42Monochromatic plane waves and polarization 156 43Nonplane monochromatic waves; geometrical optics* 160 44Electromagnetic fields in a laser beam* 165 45Partially polarized (quasimonochromatic) light* 168 46Oscillator representation of electromagnetic waves 171 47Angular momentum of the free electromagnetic field* 174   Chapter 8 Interference phenomena 178 48Interference and diffraction 178 49Fresnel diffraction 182 50Fraunhofer diffraction 186 51Partially coherent light 187 52The Hanbury-Brown and Twiss effect; intensity interferometry* 191 53The Pancharatnam phase* 195   Chapter 9 The electromagnetic field of moving charges 200 54Green's function for the wave equation 200 55Fields of a uniformly moving charge 204 56Potentials of an arbitrarily moving charge--the Lienard-Wiechert solutions 207 57Electromagnetic fields of an arbitrarily moving charge 210 58Radiation from accelerated charges: qualitative discussion 214   Chapter 10 Radiation from localized sources 217 59General frequency-domain formulas for fields 217 60Far-zone fields 219 61Power radiated 223 62The long-wavelength electric dipole approximation 227 63Higher multipoles* 229 64Antennas 233 65Near-zone fields 237 66Angular momentum radiated* 239 67Radiation reaction 241   Chapter 11 Motion of charges and moments in external fields 245 68The Lorentz force law 245 69Motion in a static uniform electric field 246 70Motion in a static uniform magnetic field 248 71Motion in crossed E and B fields; E \u0026lt; B 251 72Motion in a time-dependent magnetic field; the betatron 255 73Motion in a quasiuniform static magnetic field--guiding center drift* 257 74Motion in a slowly varying magnetic field--the first adiabatic invariant* 261 75The classical gyromagnetic ratio and Larmor's theorem 264 76Precession of moments in time-dependent magnetic fields* 268   Chapter 12 Action formulation of electromagnetism 273 77Charged particle in given field 273 78The free field 276 79The interacting system of fields and charges 279 80Gauge invariance and charge conservation 283   Chapter 13 Electromagnetic fields in material media 285 81Macroscopic fields 286 82The macroscopic charge density and the polarization 289 83The macroscopic current density and the magnetization 293 84Constitutive relations 297 85Energy conservation 300   Chapter 14 Electrostatics around conductors 302 86Electric fields inside conductors, and at conductor surfaces 303 87Theorems for electrostatic fields 306 88Electrostatic energy with conductors; capacitance 308 89The method of images 313 90Separation of variables and expansions in basis sets 320 91The variational method* 329 92The relaxation method 334 93Microscopic electrostatic field at metal surfaces; work function and contact potential* 339 15Electrostatics of dielectrics 344 94The dielectric constant 344 95Boundary value problems for linear isotropic dielectrics 347 96Depolarization 350 97Thermodynamic potentials for dielectrics 354 98Force on small dielectric bodies 360 99Models of the dielectric constant 361   Chapter 16 Magnetostatics in matter 370 100 Magnetic permeability and susceptibility 370 101Thermodynamic relations for magnetic materials 371 102Diamagnetism 375 103Paramagnetism 378 104The exchange interaction; ferromagnetism 378 105Free energy of ferromagnets 382 106Ferromagnetic domain walls* 391 107Hysteresis in ferromagnets 394 108Demagnetization 397 109Superconductors* 399   Chapter 17 Ohm's law, emf, and electrical circuits 404 110Ohm's law 405 111Electric fields around current-carrying conductors--a solvable example* 407 112van der Pauw's method* 409 113The Van de Graaff generator 412 114The thermopile 413 115The battery 414 116Lumped circuits 417 117The telegrapher's equation* 422 118The ac generator 424   Chapter 18 Frequency-dependent response of materials 427 119The frequency-dependent conductivity 427 120The dielectric function and electric propensity 429 121General properties of the ac conductivity* 431 122Electromagnetic energy in material media* 435 123Drude-Lorentz model of the dielectric response 437 124Frequency dependence of the magnetic response* 441 19Quasistatic phenomena in conductors 443 125Quasistatic fields 443 126Variable magnetic field: eddy currents and the skin effect in a planar geometry 445 127Variable magnetic field: eddy currents and the skin effect in finite bodies* 450 128Variable electric field, electrostatic regime 455 129Variable electric field, skin-effect regime 457 130Eddy currents in thin sheets, Maxwell's receding image construction, and maglev* 459 131Motion of extended conductors in magnetic fields* 465 132The dynamo* 467   Chapter 20 Electromagnetic waves in insulators 470 133General properties of EM waves in media 470 134Wave propagation velocities 472 135Reflection and refraction at a flat interface (general case) 475 136More reflection and refraction (both media transparent and nonmagnetic) 479 137Reflection from a nonmagnetic opaque medium* 483   Chapter 21 Electromagnetic waves in and near conductors 487 138Plasma oscillations 487 139Dispersion of plasma waves* 488 140Transverse EM waves in conductors 490 141Reflection of light from a metal 492 142Surface plasmons* 493 143Waveguides 496 144Resonant cavities 502   Chapter 22 Scattering of electromagnetic radiation 505 145Scattering terminology 505 146Scattering by free electrons 506 147Scattering by bound electrons 508 148Scattering by small particles 510 149Scattering by dilute gases, and why the sky is blue 512 150Raman scattering 515 151Scattering by liquids and dense gases* 516   Chapter 23 Formalism of special relativity 524 152Review of basic concepts 524 153Four-vectors 532 154Velocity, momentum, and acceleration four-vectors 537 155Four-tensors 540 156Vector fields and their derivatives in space--time 543 157Integration of vector fields* 544 158Accelerated observers* 548   Chapter 24 Special relativity and electromagnetism 553 159Four-current and charge conservation 553 160The four-potential 556 161The electromagnetic field tensor 556 162Covariant form of the laws of electromagnetism 559 163The stress--energy tensor 561 164Energy--momentum conservation in special relativity 564 165Angular momentum and spin* 565 166Observer-dependent properties of light 567 167Motion of charge in an electromagnetic plane wave* 572 168Thomas precession* 576   Chapter 25 Radiation from relativistic sources 581 169Total power radiated 581 170Angular distribution of power 584 171Synchrotron radiation--qualitative discussion 588 172Full spectral, angular, and polarization distribution of synchrotron radiation* 589 173Spectral distribution of synchrotron radiation* 592 174Angular distribution and polarization of synchrotron radiation* 595 175Undulators and wigglers* 597   Appendix A: Spherical harmonics 605 Appendix B: Bessel functions 617 Appendix C: Time averages of bilinear quantities in electrodynamics 625 Appendix D: Caustics 627 Appendix E: Airy functions 633 Appendix F: Power spectrum of a random function 637 Appendix G: Motion in the earth's magnetic field--the Stormer problem 643 Appendix H: Alternative proof of Maxwell's receding image construction 651 Bibliography 655 Index 659","brand":"Princeton University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48865519599959,"sku":"9780691130187","price":80.75,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780691130187.jpg?v=1722274362"},{"product_id":"gauge-theories-of-the-strong-weak-and-electromagnetic-interactions-9780691135489","title":"Gauge Theories of the Strong Weak and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOffers an introduction to gauge theories and their applications to high-energy particle physics, and takes a look at two new laws of nature-quantum chromodynamics and the electroweak theory. This title examines the logic and structure behind gauge theories and the experimental underpinnings of theories.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"I find this book extremely useful, because it signifies the importance of modern ideas and perspectives in particle physics.\"--Gert Roepstorff, Zentralblatt MATH \"Gauge Theories of the Strong, Weak, and Electromagnetic Interactions will, for many years, remain as a standard textbook in particle theory. I highly recommend it for a two-semester advanced graduate course in particle physics and as a valuable addition to the collection of every particle physicist.\"--Rabi Mohapatra, Physics Today \"It is hard to find words to describe Quigg's clean, high-quality work: as an author he is a virtuoso performer.\"--Johann Rafelski, CERN Courier\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface xi  One Introduction 1  1.1 Elements of the Standard Model of Particle Physics 4  1.2 Leptons 6  1.3 Quarks 7  1.4 The Fundamental Interactions 15  Problems 18  For Further Reading 21  References 23  Two Lagrangian Formalism and Conservation Laws 25  2.1 Hamilton's Principle 26  2.2 Free Field Theory Examples 28  2.3 Symmetries and Conservation Laws 30  Problems 33  For Further Reading 35  References 37  Three The Idea of Gauge Invariance 38  3.1 Historical Preliminaries 38  3.2 Gauge Invariance in Classical Electrodynamics 40  3.3 Phase Invariance in Quantum Mechanics 42  3.4 Significance of Potentials in Quantum Theory 44  3.5 Phase Invariance in Field Theory 46  3.6 Feynman Rules for Electromagnetism 50  Problems 52  For Further Reading 53  References 56  Four Non-Abelian Gauge Theories 57  4.1 Motivation 57  4.2 Construction 58  4.3 Some Physical Consequences 63  4.4 Assessment 66  Problems 66  For Further Reading 69  References 70  Five Hidden Symmetries 71  5.1 The Idea of Spontaneously Broken Symmetries 72  5.2 Spontaneous Breaking of Continuous Symmetries 76  5.3 Spontaneous Breaking of a Gauge Symmetry 78  5.4 The Sigma Model 81  5.5 Spontaneous Breaking of a Non-Abelian Symmetry 86  5.6 Prospects 87  Problems 88  For Further Reading 91  References 94  Six Electroweak Interactions of Leptons 95  6.1 An Effective Lagrangian for the Weak Interactions 96  6.2 Intermediate Vector Bosons: A First Look 110  6.3 The Standard Electroweak Theory of Leptons 120  6.4 Neutral-Current Interactions among Leptons 135  6.5 The Higgs Boson: A First Look 146  6.6 The Higgs Boson, Asymptotic Behavior, and the 1-TeV Scale 151  6.7 Neutrino Mixing and Neutrino Mass 156  6.8 Renormalizability of the Theory 166  6.9 Interim Assessment 170  Problems 171  For Further Reading 177  References 183  Seven Electroweak Interactions of Quarks 187  7.1 The Standard Electroweak Theory: Preliminaries 188  7.2 Electroweak Gauge Bosons 194  7.3 Electron-Positron Annihilations 198  7.4 Deeply Inelastic Lepton-Hadron Scattering 205  7.5 Hadron-Hadron Interactions 223  7.6 Further Tests of the Electroweak Theory 229  7.7 A Brief Look at Quantum Corrections 231  7.8 The Scale of Fermion Masses 236  7.9 Search for the Higgs Boson 237  7.10 Incompleteness of the Electroweak Theory 241  7.11 The Hierarchy Problem 244  7.12 The Vacuum Energy Problem 246  7.13 Reflections 247  Problems 249  For Further Reading 258  References 263  Eight Strong Interactions among Quarks 269  8.1 A Color Gauge Theory 270  8.2 Charge Renormalization in Electrodynamics 281  8.3 The Running Coupling Constant in QCD 294  8.4 Perturbative QCD: A First Example 303  8.5 QCD Corrections to Deeply Inelastic Scattering 308  8.6 Jets in Hadron-Hadron Collisions 325  8.7 Two-Photon Processes and the Photon-Structure Function 328  8.8 Color Confinement 336  8.9 QCD-induced Electroweak Symmetry Breaking 341  8.10 The 1\/N Expansion 345  8.11 Strong-Interaction Symmetries 352  8.12 Assessment 356  Problems 358  For Further Reading 369  References 381  Nine Unified Theories 387  9.1 Why Unify? 389  9.2 The SU(5) Model 391  9.3 Coupling-Constant Unification 402  9.4 Nucleon Decay 408  9.5 The Baryon Number of the Universe 410  9.6 The Problem of Fermion Masses 414  9.7 Assessment 416  Problems 418  For Further Reading 423  References 427  Epilogue 430  Appendix A Notations and Conventions 433  A.1 Four-Vectors and Scalar Product 433  A.2 Dirac Matrices 434  A.3 Trace Theorems and Tensor Contractions 436  A.4 Dirac Equation and Dirac Spinors 437  A.5 Color Algebra 440  A.6 Weyl-van der Waerden Spinors 444  References 445  Appendix B Observables and Feynman Rules 447  B.1 Phase-Space Formulas: Decay Rates and Cross Sections 447  B.2 Feynman Rules: Generalities 448  B.3 Feynman Integrals 450  B.4 Regularization Procedures 452  B.5 Feynman Rules: Electrodynamics 453  For Further Reading 454  References 456  Appendix C Physical Constants 457  For Further Reading 457  Author Index 459  Subject Index 475","brand":"Princeton University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48865520091479,"sku":"9780691135489","price":68.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780691135489.jpg?v=1722274364"},{"product_id":"tesla-9780691165615","title":"Tesla","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eNikola Tesla was a major contributor to the electrical revolution that transformed daily life at the turn of the twentieth century. His inventions, patents, and theoretical work formed the basis of modern AC electricity, and contributed to the development of radio and television. Like his competitor Thomas Edison, Tesla was one of America's first c\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWinner of the 2015 Sally Hacker Prize, Society for the History of Technology Winner of the 2015 IEEE William and Joyce Middleton Electrical Engineering History Award, History Committee of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers One of Amazon.com's 2013 Best Science Books One of Booklist Online's Top 10 Science \u0026amp; Health Books for 2013 One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2013 One of The Guardian's Best Popular Physical Science Books of 2014, chosen by GrrlScientist Honorable Mention for the 2013 PROSE Award in Biography \u0026amp; Autobiography, Association of American Publishers Longlisted for the 2014 Royal Society Winton Prize for Science Books \"[An] assiduous, endlessly patient biography... In Carlson's eyes, Tesla's relationship with modernity in all its forms--its fixation with progress and explanation, capital and connection, but also its fragmentation of narrative and self--is more complex and revealing than even the conspiracy nuts have imagined.\"--Richard Barnett, London Review of Books \"Carlson sheds light on the man and plenty of his inventions... [An] electric portrait.\"--Publishers Weekly \"Superb... Carlson brings to life Tesla's extravagant self-promotion, as well as his eccentricity and innate talents, revealing him as a celebrity-inventor of the 'second industrial revolution' to rival Thomas Alva Edison.\"--W. Patrick McCray, Nature \"Soundly footnoted, yet eminently readable, it provides a balanced examination of the man and his work, focusing particularly on Tesla's distinctive style of invention.\"--Natural History \"Carefully researched and thoughtfully written... Clearly surpassing earlier accounts, [this] will be the gold standard for Tesla biography.\"--Thomas J. Misa, Science \"A scholarly, critical, mostly illuminating study of the life and work of the great Serbian inventor.\"--Kirkus Reviews \"Carlson even has something to teach readers familiar with Seifer's dissection of Tesla's tortured psyche in Wizard (2001) and O'Neill's much earlier chronicle of Tesla's childhood and early career in Prodigal Genius (1944). Carlson provides not only a more detailed explanation of Tesla's science but also a more focused psychological account of Tesla's inventive process than do his predecessors. Carlson also surpasses his predecessors in showing how Tesla promoted his inventions by creating luminous illusions of progress, prosperity, and peace, illusions so strong that they finally unhinge their creator. An exceptional fusion of technical analysis of revolutionary devices and imaginative sympathy for a lacerated ego.\"--Bryce Christensen, Booklist starred review \"This is a fascinating glimpse into the life of a monumental inventor whose impact on our contemporary world is all too unfamiliar to the general public. Carlson relates the science behind Tesla's inventions with a judicial balance that will engage both the novice and the academic alike. Highly recommended to serious biography buffs and to readers of scientific subjects.\"--Brian Odom, Library Journal \"Carlson deftly weaves the many threads of Tesla's story.\"--Nicola Davis, Times \"Splendid.\"--Jon Turney, Times Higher Education \"Run, don't walk, to buy this book for the Nikola Tesla cultist in your life... [Carlson] is the first trained academic historian of technology to approach this topic, and he snaps the intense, romantic Serb back into his proper context.\"--Colby Cosh, Maclean's Magazine \"Carlson takes a historian's approach to piecing together Tesla's life. He resists the temptation to focus only on Tesla's persona as an eccentric genius with a flair for drama... Instead, Carlson sets out to answer three questions: 'How did Tesla invent? How did his inventions work? And what happened as he introduced his inventions?'\"--Maggie Fazeli Fard, Washington Post \"Required reading for any would-be innovator.\"--Christine Evans-Pughe, Engineering and Technology \"An impressive piece of scholarship.\"--Graham Farmelo, Daily Telegraph \"Carlson has written an exhaustive biography of Tesla, remarkable for its breadth and thoroughness. He explores and details all his major inventions, providing illustrations and in some cases even reproductions of the patent applications. This is as fair and balanced a biography of Tesla as one could hope for, no mean feat for a man so full of contradictions.\"--Gino Segre, Physics in Perspective \"Historian Carlson ... has at last written a balanced and nuanced scholarly treatment of Tesla in the technical and social contexts of his time... Carlson's easy-to-read style and almost flawless exposition of technical matters will make this book attractive for everyone from general readers to engineers and historians. It is well illustrated and indexed with extensive footnotes. This book is likely to become the standard scholarly biography of Tesla for decades to come.\"--Choice \"Since the death of Nikola Tesla in 1943, his life has deserved a worthy biography. Bernard Carlson has delivered that in Tesla: Inventor of the Electrical Age, which portrays Tesla as intensely human... Anyone, whether simply an interested reader or a professional historian, engineer, or physicist, will finish Tesla with a deepened understanding of his world, character, and accomplishments.\"--Robert Rosenberg, Physics Today \"This major biography sheds new light on Tesla's visionary approach to invention and the business strategies behind his most important technological breakthroughs.\"--World Book Industry \"The author Bernard Carlson has put a herculean effort in presenting a detailed biographical study of one of the greatest engineer-scientists of human history, Nikola Tesla... The book may be treated as a benchmark by future biographers of inventors and scientists.\"--Mainak Sengupta, Current Science \"It is a very readable work and presents the whole picture of Tesla both as an electrical wizard and as a human being with all the associated foibles. I particularly liked the way Carlson interspersed the narrative with commentary on the inventive process, the role of illusion, and the social implications of his technologies on bringing about positive changes in society as a whole. If you wish to read a factual book about Tesla, this is the one.\"--Eric P. Wenaas, IEEE Technology and Society Magazine \"[Readers] will certainly see this volume as an indispensable guide to one of the most fascinating yet controversial and misunderstood innovators of the modern era.\"--Graeme Gooday, Metascience \"[A] masterly study of the man and his work, explaining how business interests as well as scientific curiosity drove Tesla. Carlson shows how engineers, just as much as artists, benefit from creativity, imagination and idealism.\"--Roger Backhouse, Journal of the Society of Model \u0026amp; Experimental Engineers \"[T]his is an enjoyable biography of Tesla, concentrating in detail on his engineering achievements and business arrangements, even though it could have been firmer on the unscientific nature of some of Tesla's ideas.\"--Brian Clegg, Popular Science \"The most objective and balanced Tesla biography to date.\"--Tibi Puiu, ZME Science \"Tesla is a tour de force of sound scholarship and cogent analysis that brings to life one of the most eccentric and enigmatic characters in the history of technology.\"--Michael Brian Schiffer, Register of The Kentucky Historical Society \"An eminently readable history that, while avoiding hagiography, reconstructs the intellectual development of one of history's great electrical inventors and the social contexts in which he worked.\"--Benjamin Gross, Chemical Heritage \"Carlson's book is likely the definitive biography of Tesla. It is a challenging read, but a rewarding one. It also contributes in the wider context to the reinvention of scientific biography as a prism of cultural history.\"--Guillaume de Syon, Canadian Journal of History \"Carlson's book stands out compared with previous Tesla biographies... The result is an eminently readable history that, while avoiding hagiography, reconstructs the intellectual development of one of history's great electrical inventors and the social contexts in which he worked.\"--Benjamin Gross, Chemical Heritage \"Dr. Carlson has written an outstanding work, exhibiting a true understanding of the complex person who was Nikola Tesla. The book is alternatively uplifting--as it reveals how Tesla's mind worked, creating prototypes of inventions which have changed the world--and heartbreaking... The book is much more than a biography, as Carlson examines the art of invention as it applied to Tesla. He skillfully weaves into the narrative insights as to why Tesla approached his work in the way he did.\"--John Bowditch, Technology and Culture \"Only the bravest of historians elects to take on the challenge of writing a scholarly biography of Tesla that examines and critiques such fondly cherished myths. And Bernie Carlson is certainly up to this challenge... [A]n indispensable guide to one of the most fascinating yet controversial and misunderstood innovators of the modern era.\"--Graeme Gooday, Metascience \"[Carlson's] extensive notes on his sources are invaluable for Tesla researchers, and his book sheds light on many misconceptions perpetuated in some popular Tesla biographies.\"--Nexus Magazine \"The problem for any biographer is that there are really two distinctly different Nikola Teslas. One is the towering genius shunned by the ignorant establishment, whose greatest works are still suppressed; this is the Tesla adored by the alternative science community and the popular media... The other Tesla is the miserable failed inventor whose great plans and endless boasts came to nothing... Carlson manages the impressive feat of steering a middle course between these two.\"--David Hambling, Fortean Times\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eList of Illustrations ix  CHAPTER ONE An Ideal Childhood (1856-1878) 12  CHAPTER TWO Dreaming of Motors (1878-1882) 34  CHAPTER THREE Learning by Doing (1882-1886) 60  CHAPTER FOUR Mastering Alternating Current (1886-1888) 76  CHAPTER FIVE Selling the Motor (1888-1889) 100  CHAPTER SIX Searching for a New Ideal (1889-1891) 117  CHAPTER SEVEN A Veritable Magician (1891) 129  CHAPTER EIGHT Taking the Show to Europe (1891-1892) 143  CHAPTER NINE Pushing Alternating Current in America (1892-1893) 158  CHAPTER TEN Wireless Lighting and the Oscillator (1893-1894) 176  CHAPTER ELEVEN Efforts at Promotion (1894-1895) 193  CHAPTER TWELVE Looking for Alternatives (1895-1898) 214  CHAPTER THIRTEEN Stationary Waves (1899-1900) 262  CHAPTER FOURTEEN Wardenclyffe (1900-1901) 302  CHAPTER FIFTEEN The Dark Tower (1901-1905) 331  CHAPTER SIXTEEN Visionary to the End (1905-1943) 368  EPILOGUE 396  Note on Sources 415  Abbreviations and Sources 421  Notes 423  Acknowledgments 473  Index 477","brand":"Princeton University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48865531953495,"sku":"9780691165615","price":16.19,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780691165615.jpg?v=1722274422"},{"product_id":"networks-of-power-9780801846144","title":"Networks of Power","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAwarded the Dexter Prize by the Society for the History of Technology, this book offers a comparative history of the evolution of modern electric power systems. It described large-scale technological change and demonstrates that technology cannot be understood unless placed in a cultural context.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAn exciting, major contribution to the field of history, for it establishes very convincingly that the growth of... power networks is as intrinsic to and characteristic of modern society as the growth of manorialism was to medieval society. American Historical Review How the West was wired. Times Literary Supplement\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface\u003cbr\u003e1. Introduction\u003cbr\u003e2. Edison the Hedgehog: Invention and Development\u003cbr\u003e3. Edison's System Abroad: Technology Transfer\u003cbr\u003e4. Reverse Salients and Critical Problems\u003cbr\u003e5. Conflict and Resolution\u003cbr\u003e6. Technological Momentum\u003cbr\u003e7. Berlin: The Coordination of Technology and Politics\u003cbr\u003e8. Chicago: The Dominance of Technology\u003cbr\u003e9. London: The Primary of Politics\u003cbr\u003e10. California White Coal\u003cbr\u003e11. War and Acquired Characteristics\u003cbr\u003e12. Planned Systems\u003cbr\u003e13. The Culture of Regional Systems\u003cbr\u003e14. RWE, PP\u0026amp;L, and NESCO: The\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Johns Hopkins University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48865923924311,"sku":"9780801846144","price":40.5,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780801846144.jpg?v=1722276219"},{"product_id":"electrostatic-ignitions-of-fires-and-explosions-9780816999484","title":"Electrostatic Ignitions of Fires and Explosions","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTom Pratt, a long-time process safety practitioner and lecturer in electrostatic safety, wrote this book to educate industry in the basics of electrostatics. It offers a selected collection of information designed to give readers the tools they need to examine the hazard potential of common industrial processes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 1. Basic Concepts.\u003c\/b\u003e  \u003cp\u003e1.1. The Electrostatic Charge.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.1. Electrons, Protons, and Ions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.2. Charge Distribution: Point, Space, and Surface Charges.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2. The Electric Field.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1. Mapping Electric Fields.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2. Dielectrics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3. Dielectric Breakdown.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3. Ground Potential.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1. Grounding.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2. Bonding.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4. Requirements for a Fire or an Explosion.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1. Ignitable Mixture.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2. Separation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3. Accumulation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.4. Discharge.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 2. Separation and Accumulation of Charge.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1. Mechanisms of Charge Generation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2. Charge Alignment.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3. Contact and Frictional Charging.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1. Surface Charging.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2. Powder Charging.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4. Double Layer Charging.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5. Charging of Drops, Mists, and Aerosols.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6. Two Phase Flow.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7. Charge Separation at Phase Boundaries.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8. Charge Relaxation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9. Host Material.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.1. Bulk Conductivity.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.2. Surface Conductivity.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9.3. Apparent Conductivity.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10. Separation vs. Relaxation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10.1. constant Voltage Case.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10.2. Constant Amperage Case.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11. Induction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3. Discharge.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1. Classification of Discharges.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2. Characteristics of Discharges.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1. Corona Discharge.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2. Brush Discharge.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3. Bulking Brush Discharge.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4. Propagating Brush Discharge.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5. Spark or Capacitor Discharge.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.6. Lightning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 4. Minimum Ignition Energies.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1. Testing of Materials.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2. Minimum Ignition Energy, MIE.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1. MIEs of Gasses and Vapors.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2. MIEs of Dusts.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3. MIEs of Hybrid Mixtures.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4. MIEs in Enriched Oxygen Atmospheres.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.5. MIEs of Explosives.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 5. Discharge Energies.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1. Ignitions by Electrostatic Discharges.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2. Capacitive Discharges.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1. Human Sparks.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2. Clothing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3. Brush Discharges.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1. Brush Discharges in Spaces.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2. Brush Discharges at Surfaces.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4. Bulking Brush Discharges.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5. Propagating Brush Discharges.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6. Corona Discharges.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 6. Electrification in Industrial Processes.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1. Charges in Liquids.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1. Streaming Currents.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2. Charge Relaxation in Liquids.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3. Liquid Conductivity.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.4. Antistatic Additives.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.5. Sedimentation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2. Charges in Mists.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1. Washing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2. Splash Loading.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3. Steaming.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4. Carbon Dioxide.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.5. Charge Decay From Mists.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3. Charges in Powders.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1. Streaming Currents in Powders.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2. Charge Compaction in Powder Bulking.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3. Charge Relaxation in Powders.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4. Surface Charges.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1. Triboelectric Charging.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2. Humidity.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3. Conductive Cloth and Plastics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4. Neutralizers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5. Intense Electrification.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6. Phase Separation Charges.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7. Design and Operating Criteria.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1. Grounding and Bonding.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1. Insulation from Ground.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2. Spark Promoters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2. In-Process Relaxation Times.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1. Quiescent Relaxations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2. Relaxation Downstream of Filters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3. Simultaneous Operations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4. Sounding Pipes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8. Measurements.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1. Multimeters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2. Electrometers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3. Electrostatic Voltmeters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4. Fieldmeters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5. Faraday Cage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6. Radios.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9. Quantification of Electrostatic Scenarios.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1. Approximations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1. Approximating Capacitance.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2. Approximating Resistance.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.3. Approximating Charge.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2. Examples of Approximations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1. Refueling an Automobile.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2. Filling a Gasoline Can.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3. Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container (FIBC).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4. The Minimum Capacitor for Incendive Discharge.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 10. Case Histories.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1. Vacuum truck Emptying a Sump.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2. Drawing Toluene into an Ungrounded Bucket.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3. Sampling while Loading a Railcar.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4. Vapor Ignition in a Roadtanker, I.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5. Vapor Ignition in a Roadtanker, II.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6. Instrumenting a Tank Containing Steam and a Flammable Atmosphere.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7. Conductive Liquid in a Plastic Carboy.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8. Chemical Hose with an Ungrounded Spiral.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9. Three incidents in a Pneumatic Transport System.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10. Offloading a Bulk Powder Truck.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11. Dumping Powder from a Drum with Metal chime.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.12. Emptying a Powder from a Plastic Bag (Composite Case History).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.13. Vapor Explosion in a Closed Tank.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.14. Gas Well and Pipeline Blowouts.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A. Units.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix B. Symbols Used in Equations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix C. Equations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix D. Atmospheric Electrostatics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix E. Electric Field Calculations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcordance A, General.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcordance B, Compounds and Materials.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48866007056727,"sku":"9780816999484","price":105.26,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9780816999484.jpg?v=1722276592"},{"product_id":"circuit-analysis-for-dummies-9781118493120","title":"Circuit Analysis for Dummies","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCircuits overloaded from electric circuit analysis?    Many universities require that students pursuing a degree in electrical or computer engineering take an Electric Circuit Analysis course to determine who will \"make the cut\" and continue in the degree program.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eIntroduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout This Book 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConventions Used in This Book 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat You’re Not to Read 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFoolish Assumptions 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow This Book is Organized 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart I: Getting Started with Circuit Analysis 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart II: Applying Analytical Methods for Complex Circuits 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart III: Understanding Circuits with Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart IV: Applying Time-Varying Signals to First- and Second-Order Circuits 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart V: Advanced Techniques and Applications in Circuit Analysis 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePart VI: The Part of Tens 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIcons Used in This Book 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhere to Go from Here 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart I: Getting Started with Circuit Analysis 5\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 1: Introducing Circuit Analysis 7\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting Started with Current and Voltage 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGoing with the flow with current 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecognizing potential differences with voltage 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStaying grounded with zero voltage 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting some direction with the passive sign convention 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeginning with the Basic Laws 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurveying the Analytical Methods for More-Complex Circuits 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroducing Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDealing with Time-Varying Signals, Capacitors, and Inductors 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAvoiding Calculus with Advanced Techniques 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 2: Clarifying Basic Circuit Concepts and Diagrams 15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLooking at Current-Voltage Relationships 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbsorbing energy with resistors 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApplying Ohm’s law to resistors 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating the power dissipated by resistors 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOffering no resistance: Batteries and short circuits 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBatteries: Providing power independently 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eShort circuits: No voltage, no power 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFacing infinite resistance: Ideal current sources and open circuits 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll or nothing: Combining open and short circuits with ideal switches 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMapping It All Out with Schematics 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGoing in circles with loops 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting straight to the point with nodes 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 3: Exploring Simple Circuits with Kirchhoff’s Laws 25\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePresenting Kirchhoff’s Famous Circuit Laws 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL): Conservation of energy 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentifying voltage rises and drops 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForming a KVL equation 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKirchhoff’s current law (KCL): Conservation of charge 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTracking incoming and outgoing current 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating KCL 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTackling Circuits with KVL, KCL, and Ohm’s Law 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting batteries and resistors to work together 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStarting with voltage 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBringing in current 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombining device equations with KVL 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummarizing the results 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSharing the same current in series circuits 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClimbing the ladder with parallel circuits 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescribing total resistance using conductance 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing a shortcut for two resistors in parallel 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding equivalent resistor combinations 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombining series and parallel resistors 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 4: Simplifying Circuit Analysis with Source Transformation and Division Techniques 41\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEquivalent Circuits: Preparing for the Transformation 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransforming Sources in Circuits 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConverting to a parallel circuit with a current source 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChanging to a series circuit with a voltage source 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDivvying It Up with the Voltage Divider 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting a voltage divider equation for a series circuit 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiguring out voltages for a series circuit with two or more resistors 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding voltages when you have multiple current sources 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing the voltage divider technique repeatedly 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCutting to the Chase Using the Current Divider Technique 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting a current divider equation for a parallel circuit 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiguring out currents for parallel circuits 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding currents when you have multiple voltage sources 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing the current divider technique repeatedly 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart II: Applying Analytical Methods for Complex Circuits 65\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 5: Giving the Nod to Node-Voltage Analysis 67\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting Acquainted with Node Voltages and Reference Nodes 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTesting the Waters with Node Voltage Analysis 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat goes in must come out: Starting with KCL at the nodes 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescribing device currents in terms of node voltages with Ohm’s law 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePutting a system of node voltage equations in matrix form 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolving for unknown node voltages 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApplying the NVA Technique 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolving for unknown node voltageswith a current source 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDealing with three or more node equations 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorking with Voltage Sources in Node-Voltage Analysis 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 6: Getting in the Loop on Mesh Current Equations 83\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWindowpanes: Looking at Meshes and Mesh Currents 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRelating Device Currents to Mesh Currents 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenerating the Mesh Current Equations 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the KVL equations first 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOhm’s law: Putting device voltages in terms of mesh currents 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubstituting the device voltages into the KVL equations 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePutting mesh current equations into matrix form 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolving for unknown currents and voltages 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrunching Numbers: Using Meshes to Analyze Circuits 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTackling two-mesh circuits 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing circuits with three or more meshes 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 7: Solving One Problem at a Time Using Superposition 95\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscovering How Superposition Works 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking sense of proportionality 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApplying superposition in circuits 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdding the contributions of each independent source 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting Rid of the Sources of Frustration 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eShort circuit: Removing a voltage source 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOpen circuit: Taking out a current source 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing Circuits with Two Independent Sources 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKnowing what to do when the sources are two voltage sources 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProceeding when the sources are two current sources 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDealing with one voltage source and one current source 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolving a Circuit with Three Independent Sources 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 8: Applying Thévenin’s and Norton’s Theorems 113\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eShowing What You Can Do with Thévenin’s and Norton’s Theorems 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the Norton and Thévenin Equivalents for Complex Source Circuits 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApplying Thévenin’s theorem 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the Thévenin equivalent of a circuit with a single independent voltage source 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApplying Norton’s theorem 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing source transformation to find Thévenin or Norton 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA shortcut: Finding Thévenin or Norton equivalents with source transformation 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the Thévenin equivalent of a circuit with multiple independent sources 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding Thévenin or Norton with superposition 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGauging Maximum Power Transfer: A Practical Application of Both Theorems 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart III: Understanding Circuits with Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 131\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 9: Dependent Sources and the Transistors That Involve Them 133\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnderstanding Linear Dependent Sources: Who Controls What 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassifying the types of dependent sources 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecognizing the relationship between dependent and independent sources 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing Circuits with Dependent Sources 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApplying node-voltage analysis 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing source transformation 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing the Thévenin technique 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescribing a JFET Transistor with a Dependent Source 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamining the Three Personalities of Bipolar Transistors 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking signals louder with the common emitter circuit 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmplifying signals with a common base circuit 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIsolating circuits with the common collector circuit 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 10: Letting Operational Amplifiers Do the Tough Math Fast 155\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Ins and Outs of Op-Amp Circuits 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscovering how to draw op amps 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLooking at the ideal op amp and its transfer characteristics 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eModeling an op amp with a dependent source 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamining the essential equations for analyzing ideal op-amp circuits 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLooking at Op-Amp Circuits 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing a noninverting op amp 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFollowing the leader with the voltage follower 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTurning things around with the inverting amplifier 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdding it all up with the summer 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat’s the difference? Using the op-amp subtractor 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncreasing the Complexity of What You Can Do with Op Amps 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing the instrumentation amplifier 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImplementing mathematical equations electronically 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCreating systems with op amps 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart IV: Applying Time-Varying Signals to First- and Second-Order Circuits 173\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 11: Making Waves with Funky Functions 175\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpiking It Up with the Lean, Mean Impulse Function 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChanging the strength of the impulse 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDelaying an impulse 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvaluating impulse functions with integrals 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStepping It Up with a Step Function 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCreating a time-shifted, weighted step function 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeing out of step with shifted step functions 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBuilding a ramp function with a step function 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePushing the Limits with the Exponential Function 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeeing the Signs with Sinusoidal Functions 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGiving wavy functions a phase shift 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExpanding the function and finding Fourier coefficients 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConnecting sinusoidal functions to exponentials with Euler’s formula 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 12: Spicing Up Circuit Analysis with Capacitors and Inductors 193\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStoring Electrical Energy with Capacitors 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescribing a capacitor 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCharging a capacitor (credit cards not accepted) 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRelating the current and voltage of a capacitor 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the power and energy of a capacitor 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating the total capacitance for parallel and series capacitors 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the equivalent capacitance of parallel capacitors 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the equivalent capacitance of capacitors in series 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStoring Magnetic Energy with Inductors 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescribing an inductor 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the energy storage of an attractive inductor 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating total inductance for series and parallel inductors 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the equivalent inductance for inductors in series 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the equivalent inductance for inductors in parallel 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculus: Putting a Cap on Op-Amp Circuits 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCreating an op-amp integrator 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeriving an op-amp differentiator 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing Op Amps to Solve Differential Equations Really Fast 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 13: Tackling First-Order Circuits  211\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolving First-Order Circuits with Diff EQ 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGuessing at the solution with the\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003enatural exponential function 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing the characteristic equation for a first-order equation 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing a Series Circuit with a Single Resistor and Capacitor 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStarting with the simple RC series circuit 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the zero-input response 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the zero-state response by\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003efocusing on the input source 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdding the zero-input and zero-state responses to find the total response 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing a Parallel Circuit with a Single Resistor and Inductor 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStarting with the simple RL parallel circuit 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating the zero-input response for an RL parallel circuit 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating the zero-state response for an RL parallel circuit 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdding the zero-input and zero-state responses to find the total response 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 14: Analyzing Second-Order Circuits 233\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamining Second-Order Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGuessing at the elementary solutions: The natural exponential function 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom calculus to algebra: Using the characteristic equation 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing an RLC Series Circuit 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSetting up a typical RLC series circuit 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetermining the zero-input response 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating the zero-state response 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinishing up with the total response 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalyzing an RLC Parallel Circuit Using Duality 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSetting up a typical RLC parallel circuit 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the zero-input response 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArriving at the zero-state response 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting the total response 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart V: Advanced Techniques and Applications in Circuit Analysis 253\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 15: Phasing in Phasors for Wave Functions 255\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTaking a More Imaginative Turn with Phasors 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding phasor forms 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamining the properties of phasors 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing Impedance to Expand Ohm’s Law to Capacitors and Inductors 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnderstanding impedance 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLooking at phasor diagrams 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePutting Ohm’s law for capacitors in phasor form 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePutting Ohm’s law for inductors in phasor form 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTackling Circuits with Phasors 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing divider techniques in phasor form 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdding phasor outputs with superposition 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSimplifying phasor analysis with Thévenin and Norton 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting the nod for nodal analysis 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing mesh-current analysis with phasors 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 16: Predicting Circuit Behavior with Laplace Transform Techniques 273\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting Acquainted with the Laplace Transform and Key Transform Pairs 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting Your Time Back with the Inverse Laplace Transform 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRewriting the transform with partial fraction expansion 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExpanding Laplace transforms with complex poles 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDealing with transforms with multiple poles 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnderstanding Poles and Zeros of F(s) 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePredicting the Circuit Response with Laplace Methods 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorking out a first-order RC circuit 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorking out a first-order RL circuit 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorking out an RLC circuit 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 17: Implementing Laplace Techniques for Circuit Analysis 295\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStarting Easy with Basic Constraints 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConnection constraints in the s-domain 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDevice constraints in the s-domain 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndependent and dependent sources 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePassive elements: Resistors, capacitors, and inductors 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOp-amp devices 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpedance and admittance 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeeing How Basic Circuit Analysis Works in the s-Domain 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApplying voltage division with series circuits 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTurning to current division for parallel circuits 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConducting Complex Circuit Analysis in the s-Domain 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing node-voltage analysis 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing mesh-current analysis 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing superposition and proportionality 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing the Thévenin and Norton equivalents 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 18: Focusing on the Frequency Responses 313\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescribing the Frequency Response and Classy Filters 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLow-pass filter 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh-pass filter 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand-pass filters 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand-reject filters 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlotting Something: Showing Frequency Response à la Bode 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLooking at a basic Bode plot 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePoles, zeros, and scale factors: Picturing Bode plots from transfer functions 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTurning the Corner: Making Low-Pass and High-Pass Filters with RC Circuits 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst-order RC low-pass filter (LPF) 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst-order RC high-pass filter (HPF) 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCreating Band-Pass and Band-Reject Filters with RLC or RC Circuits 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting serious with RLC series circuits 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRLC series band-pass filter (BPF) 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRLC series band-reject filter (BRF) 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClimbing the ladder with RLC parallel circuits 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRC only: Getting a pass with a band-pass and band-reject filter 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart VI: The Part of Tens 335\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 19: Ten Practical Applications for Circuits  337\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePotentiometers 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHomemade Capacitors: Leyden Jars 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDigital-to-Analog Conversion Using Op Amps 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTwo-Speaker Systems 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterface Techniques Using Resistors 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterface Techniques Using Op Amps 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Wheatstone Bridge 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccelerometers 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectronic Stud Finders 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e555 Timer Circuits 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 20: Ten Technologies Affecting Circuits 341\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSmartphone Touchscreens 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNanotechnology 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCarbon Nanotubes 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicroelectromechanical Systems 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupercapacitors 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Memristor 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuperconducting Digital Electronics 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWide Bandgap Semiconductors 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlexible Electronics 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicroelectronic Chips that Pair Up with Biological Cells 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 345\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"John Wiley \u0026 Sons Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48866372485463,"sku":"9781118493120","price":17.09,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781118493120.jpg?v=1722278335"},{"product_id":"electric-power-principles-9781119585176","title":"Electric Power Principles","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA revised and updated text that explores the fundamentals of the physics of electric power handling systems\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe revised and updated second edition of \u003ci\u003eElectric Power Principles: Sources, Conversion, Distribution and Use \u003c\/i\u003eoffers an innovative and comprehensive approach to the fundamentals of electric power. The author  a noted expert on the topic  provides a thorough grounding in electric power systems, with an informative discussion on per-unit normalisations, symmetrical components and iterative load flow calculations. The text covers the most important topics within the power system, such as protection and DC transmission, and examines both traditional power plants and those used for extracting sustainable energy from wind and sunlight.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe text explores the principles of electromechanical energy conversion and magnetic circuits and synchronous machines  the most important generators of electric power. The book also contains information on power electroni\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrade Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIt is a must-read book for everyone who feels interested in area of electric power system. This book covers almost every essential item that falls in this area. By reading this book, you can expect to explore all the key components in electric power system, such as energy source, transmission line, protection mechanism, load flow, electric machine, etc. All the key concepts are discussed from fundamental physics and elaborated steps by steps. Real world examples with pictures are given in the right place to visualize the discussed items. Problem sets are included in each chapter to strengthen the learnt concepts. I am quite sure everyone from all levels can follow and understand all the contents without much difficulty.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn this second edition, a new chapter on energy storage and some other updated information are added. As a teacher and researcher in power engineering, I would say this book must be one of the best books in this area.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e  \u003ci\u003eChristopher H. T. Lee, Assistant Professor, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore\u003ci\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Companion Website xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Electric Power Systems \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Electric Utility Systems 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Energy and Power 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Basics and Units 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Sources of Electric Power 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 Heat Engines 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2 Power Plants 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2.1 Environmental Impact of Burning Fossil Fuels 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.3 Nuclear Power Plants 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.4 Hydroelectric Power 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.5 Wind Turbines 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.6 Solar Power Generation 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Electric Power Plants and Generation 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Problems 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 AC Voltage, Current, and Power \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e17\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Sources and Power 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Voltage and Current Sources 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Power 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3 Sinusoidal Steady State 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.4 Phasor Notation 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.5 Real and Reactive Power 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.5.1 Root Mean Square (RMS) Amplitude 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Resistors, Inductors, and Capacitors 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Reactive Power and Voltage 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1.1 Example 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Reactive Power Voltage Support 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Voltage Stability and Bifurcation 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Voltage Calculation 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Voltage Solution and Effect of Reactive Power 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Problems 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Transmission Lines \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e33\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Modeling: Telegrapher’s Equations 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Traveling Waves 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Characteristic Impedance 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Power 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.4 Line Terminations and Reflections 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.4.1 Examples 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.4.2 Lightning 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.4.3 Inductive Termination 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.5 Sinusoidal Steady State 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Problems 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Polyphase Systems \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e47\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Two-phase Systems 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Three-phase Systems 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Line–Line Voltages 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Example: Wye- and Delta-connected Loads 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Example: Use of Wye–Delta for Unbalanced Loads 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Problems 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Electrical and Magnetic Circuits \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e59\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Electric Circuits 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Kirchhoff’s Current Law 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3 Constitutive Relationship: Ohm’s Law 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Magnetic Circuit Analogies 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Analogy to KCL 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Analogy to KVL: Magnetomotive Force 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Analogy to Ohm’s Law: Reluctance 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Simple Case 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.5 Flux Confinement 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.6 Example: C-Core 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.7 Example: Core with Different Gaps 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Problems 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Transformers \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e71\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Single-phase Transformers 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Ideal Transformers 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Deviations from an Ideal Transformer 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3 Autotransformers 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Three-phase Transformers 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Example 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Example: Grounding or Zigzag Transformer 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Problems 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Polyphase Lines and Single-phase Equivalents \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e87\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Polyphase Transmission and Distribution Lines 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Example 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Introduction to Per-unit Systems 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Normalization of Voltage and Current 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Three-phase Systems 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Networks with Transformers 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Transforming from One Base to Another 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.5 Example: Fault Study 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.5.1 One-line Diagram of the Situation 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Appendix: Inductances of Transmission Lines 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Single Wire 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Mutual Inductance 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Bundles of Conductors 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.4 Transposed Lines 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Problems 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Electromagnetic Forces and Loss Mechanisms \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e103\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Energy Conversion Process 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Principle of Virtual Work 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1.1 Example: Lifting Magnet 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Co-energy 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2.1 Example: Co-energy Force Problem 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2.2 Electric Machine Model 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Continuum Energy Flow 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Material Motion 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Additional Issues in Energy Methods 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2.1 Co-energy in Continuous Media 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2.2 Permanent Magnets 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2.3 Energy in the Flux–Current Plane 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Electric Machine Description 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.4 Field Description of Electromagnetic Force: The Maxwell Stress Tensor 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.5 Tying the Maxwell Stress Tensor and Poynting Approaches Together 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.5.1 Simple Description of a Linear Induction Motor 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Surface Impedance of Uniform Conductors 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Linear Case 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Iron 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Magnetization 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 Saturation and Hysteresis 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.5 Conduction, Eddy Currents, and Laminations 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.5.1 Complete Penetration Case 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.6 Eddy Currents in Saturating Iron 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Semi-empirical Method of Handling Iron Loss 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Problems 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Synchronous Machines \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e143\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Round Rotor Machines: Basics 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Operation with a Balanced Current Source 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Operation with a Voltage Source 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Reconciliation of Models 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Torque Angles 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Per-unit Systems 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Normal Operation 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Capability Diagram 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Vee Curve 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Salient Pole Machines: Two-reaction Theory 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Synchronous Machine Dynamics 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Synchronous Machine Dynamic Model 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.1 Electromagnetic Model 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.2 Park’s Equations 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.3 Power and Torque 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.4 Per-unit Normalization 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.5 Equivalent Circuits 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.6 Transient Reactances and Time Constants 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Statement of Simulation Model 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.1 Example: Transient Stability 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.2 Equal Area Transient Stability Criterion 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Appendix 1: Transient Stability Code 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10 Appendix 2: Winding Inductance Calculation 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10.1 Pitch Factor 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10.2 Breadth Factor 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11 Problems 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 System Analysis and Protection \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e181\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 The Symmetrical Component Transformation 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Sequence Impedances 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Balanced Transmission Lines 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Balanced Load 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Possibly Unbalanced Loads 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 Unbalanced Sources 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.5 Rotating Machines 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.6 Transformers 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.6.1 Example: Rotation of Symmetrical Component Currents 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.6.2 Example: Reconstruction of Currents 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Fault Analysis 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Single Line–Neutral Fault 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Double Line–Neutral Fault 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Line–Line Fault 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Example of Fault Calculations 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.1 Symmetrical Fault 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.2 Single Line–Neutral Fault 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.3 Double Line–Neutral Fault 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.4 Line–Line Fault 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.5 Conversion to Amperes 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 System Protection 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Fuses 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Switches 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Coordination 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.1 Ground Overcurrent 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Impedance Relays 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.1 Directional Elements 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Differential Relays 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.1 Ground Fault Protection for Personnel 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 Zones of System Protection 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10 Problems 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Load Flow \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e211\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Two Ports and Lines 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1 Power Circles 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Load Flow in a Network 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Gauss–Seidel Iterative Technique 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Bus Types 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Bus Admittance 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 Bus Incidence 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.2 Example Network 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3 Alternative Assembly of Bus Admittance 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Newton–Raphson Method for Load Flow 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.1 Generator Buses 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.2 Decoupling 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.3 Example Calculations 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Problems 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8 Appendix: Matlab Scripts to Implement Load Flow Techniques 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.1 Gauss–Seidel Routine 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.2 Newton–Raphson Routine 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.3 Decoupled Newton–Raphson Routine 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Power Electronics and Converters in Power Systems \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e233\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Switching Devices 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Diodes 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Thyristors 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.3 Bipolar Transistors 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Rectifier Circuits 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Full-wave Rectifier 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1.1 Full-wave Bridge with Resistive Load 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1.2 Phase-control Rectifier 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1.3 Phase Control into an Inductive Load 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1.4 AC Phase Control 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1.5 Rectifiers for DC Power Supplies 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 DC–DC Converters 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Pulse Width Modulation 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Boost Converter 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2.1 Continuous Conduction 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2.2 Discontinuous Conduction 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2.3 Unity Power Factor Supplies 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Canonical Cell 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Bidirectional Converter 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 H-Bridge 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Three-phase Bridge Circuits 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.1 Rectifier Operation 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2 Phase Control 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3 Commutation Overlap 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.4 AC Side Current Harmonics 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.4.1 Power Supply Rectifiers 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.4.2 PWM Capable Switch Bridge 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Unified Power Flow Controller 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 High-voltage DC Transmission 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Basic Operation of a Converter Bridge 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8.1 Turn-on Switch 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8.2 Inverter Terminal 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9 Achieving High Voltage 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.10 Problems 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 System Dynamics and Energy Storage \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e277\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Load–Frequency Relationship 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Energy Balance 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Natural Response 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Feedback Control 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.3 Droop Control 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.4 Isochronous Control 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Synchronized Areas 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Area Control Error 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Synchronizing Dynamics 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 Feedback Control to Drive ACE to Zero 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Inverter Connection 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Overview of Connection 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2 Filters 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.3 Measurement 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.4 Phase Locked Loop 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.5 Control Loops 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.6 Grid-following (Slave) Inverter 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.7 Grid-forming (Master) Inverter 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.8 Droop-controlled Inverter 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Energy Storage 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.1 Time Scales 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2 Batteries 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2.1 Simplest Battery Model 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2.2 Diffusion Model 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2.3 Model Including State of Charge 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Problems 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Induction Machines \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e299\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Induction Machine Transformer Model 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Operation: Energy Balance 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1.1 Simplified Torque Estimation 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1.2 Torque Summary 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Example of Operation 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Motor Performance Requirements 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3.1 Effect of Rotor Resistance 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Squirrel-cage Machines 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Single-phase Induction Motors 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 Rotating Fields 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 Power Conversion in the Single-phase Induction Machine 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.3 Starting of Single-phase Induction Motors 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.3.1 Shaded Pole Motors 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.3.2 Split-phase Motors 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.4 Split-phase Operation 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.4.1 Example Motor 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Induction Generators 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Induction Motor Control 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.1 Volts\/Hz Control 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.2 Field-oriented Control 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.3 Elementary Model 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.4 Simulation Model 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.5 Control Model 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.6 Field-oriented Strategy 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Doubly-fed Induction Machines 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7.1 Steady-state Operation 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Appendix 1: Squirrel-cage Machine Model 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8.1 Rotor Currents and Induced Flux 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8.2 Squirrel-cage Currents 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9 Appendix 2: Single-phase Squirrel-cage Model 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.10 Appendix 3: Induction Machine Winding Schemes 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.10.1 Winding Factor for Concentric Windings 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.11 Problems 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 DC (Commutator) Machines \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e351\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Geometry 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Torque Production 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Back Voltage 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Operation 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.1 Shunt Operation 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.2 Separately Excited 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.2.1 Armature Voltage Control 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.2.2 Field Weakening Control 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.2.3 Dynamic Braking 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.3 Machine Capability 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Series Connection 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Universal Motors 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Commutator 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7.1 Commutation Interpoles 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7.2 Compensation 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Compound-wound DC Machines 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9 Problems 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Permanent Magnets in Electric Machines \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e371\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Permanent Magnets 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1.1 Permanent Magnets in Magnetic Circuits 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1.2 Load Line Analysis 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1.2.1 Very Hard Magnets 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1.2.2 Surface Magnet Analysis 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1.2.3 Amperian Currents 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Commutator Machines 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.1 Voltage 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.2 Armature Resistance 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Brushless PM Machines 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Motor Morphologies 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.1 Surface Magnet Machines 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This new book rings together leading research from throughout the world.","brand":"Nova Science Publishers Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48886517727575,"sku":"9781594543357","price":173.24,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781594543357.jpg?v=1722540416"},{"product_id":"superconducting-intercalated-graphite-9781604566093","title":"Superconducting Intercalated Graphite","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe discovery in 2005 of superconductivity in YbC6 and CaC6, with substantially higher critical temperatures than the previously observed among the family of the graphite intercalation compounds, has largely renewed the interest for these well known lamellar compounds. Indeed, these critical temperatures reach 6.5 and 11.5 K respectively for ytterbium- and calcium-graphite phases. It was consequently interesting to collect all the informations concerning the superconductivity of these compounds from the discovery of this phenomenon observed in the heavy alkali metals graphite intercalation compounds in 1965, insisting particularly on the recent advances in this research field. After a general introduction that describes all the carbon materials, which are extremely various with dimensionalities varying from 3 to 0, leading to their large aptitude for the insertion\/intercalation reactions, the authors widely developed the case of graphite: chemical bonds, crystal and electronic structures, anisotropy and ability to become a host structure. The authors insist on its strong anisotropy of chemical reactivity that allows the synthesis of very numerous intercalation compounds. The distinctive features of the intercalation reaction into graphite are reviewed (systematic charge transfer, staging, etc...) and are particularly developed in the case of the donor-type intercalation compounds, among which is precisely observed the superconductivity. For the latter, the various synthesis methods are successively described, showing the best route to use in order to obtain each type of compound. Then the authors review with detail the binary compounds, emphasising their distinctive crystal and electronic structures and also their transport properties. The authors describe the superconductivity of all the compounds belonging to this family and show this property. In the last part, the authors compare these superconducting binary intercalated graphite compounds with other lamellar superconductor: magnesium diboride. The ternary compounds are then studied, and the poly-layered nature of their intercalated sheets is given special attention. Their distinctive electronic structure is presented and their superconducting properties are described.","brand":"Nova Science Publishers Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48886643818839,"sku":"9781604566093","price":42.39,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781604566093.jpg?v=1722541017"},{"product_id":"charles-proteus-steinmetz-the-electrical-wizard-of-schenectady-9781610353267","title":"Charles Proteus Steinmetz: The Electrical Wizard","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA genius to rival Edison, a personality as intriguing as Tesla, Charles Proteus Steinmetz was a key figure in creating the modern world.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThomas Alva Edison and Nikola Tesla have the glory, but perhaps the greatest electrical wizard of them all was Charles Proteus Steinmetz. Revered in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a genius, but largely forgotten today, Steinmetz made the modern world possible through his revolutionary work on AC electricity transmission, the technology underlying today?s power grid. More than just a great scientist and engineer, Steinmetz was also one of the most colorful characters in American life.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eStanding just four feet tall with a pronounced spine curvature, Steinmetz was as well known for his fiery political opinions, his fierce advocacy for social progress and education, his unusual home life, and his private menagerie as for his technical achievements. The first full biography of Steinmetz in many years, \u003ci\u003eCharles Proteus Steinmetz: The Electrical Wizard of Schenectady\u003c\/i\u003e brings the life, passions, and scientific achievement of this remarkable man to a new generation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Linden Publishing Co Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48886779085143,"sku":"9781610353267","price":16.19,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781610353267.jpg?v=1722541529"},{"product_id":"demand-response-for-reduced-electricity-consumption-a-plan-for-the-nation-9781629480237","title":"Demand Response for Reduced Electricity","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDemand response is a valuable resource for meeting the nation''s energy needs. By lowering the peak demand for energy, demand response programs reduce the need to construct new, expensive generation units. However, according to a Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC or Commission) staff report -- A National Assessment of Demand Response Potential (National Assessment), submitted to Congress in June 2009 -- current demand response programs tap less than a quarter of the total market potential for demand response. The FERC staff has worked with stakeholders to develop a National Action Plan on Demand Response (National Action Plan), which sets out actions to achieve the demand response potential in the United States. Congress required the FERC to develop such a plan in the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007. Because current efforts have missed a significant portion of the cost-effective demand response potential, it is evident that action needs to be taken to either create new programs or expand existing ones where cost-effective. This book provides an overview of the National Action Plan, the process behind its development, and context for understanding it.","brand":"Nova Science Publishers Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48887078519127,"sku":"9781629480237","price":119.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781629480237.jpg?v=1722542899"},{"product_id":"vulnerabilities-of-the-u-s-to-an-electromagnetic-pulse-attack-threat-assessments-mitigation-recommendations-9781634844772","title":"Vulnerabilities of the U.S. to an Electromagnetic","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe physical and social fabric of the United States is sustained by a system of systems; a complex and dynamic network of interlocking and interdependent infrastructures (\"critical national infrastructures\") whose harmonious functioning enables the myriad actions, transactions, and information flow that undergird the orderly conduct of civil society in this country. The vulnerability of these infrastructures to threats -- deliberate, accidental, and acts of nature -- is the focus of greatly heightened concern in the current era, a process accelerated by the events of 9\/11 and recent hurricanes, including Katrina and Rita. This book presents the results of the Commission''s assessment of the effects of a high altitude electromagnetic pulse (EMP) attack on our critical national infrastructures and provides recommendations for their mitigation. Moreover, as of July 2015, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) reported taking several actions that could help address electromagnetic threats to the electric grid. This book also addresses the extent to which DHS has: taken action to address recommendations from the 2008 EMP Commission Report and coordinated with other principal federal agencies, such as DOE and industry stakeholders to mitigate risks to the electric grid from electromagnetic threats.","brand":"Nova Science Publishers Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48887226106199,"sku":"9781634844772","price":170.39,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781634844772.jpg?v=1722543585"},{"product_id":"wind-turbines-technology-applications-and-efficiency-9781685079741","title":"Wind Turbines: Technology, Applications and","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book performs a multidisciplinary approach of wind energy and analyzes existing wind technologies to propose novel modeling techniques and control systems and explore novel applications. The authors discuss whether wind energy is a valid alternative from the point of view of feasibility to be integrated in buildings or desalination plants, among others. The results support that wind energy is a profitable alternative that can also be used in several different applications different from large-scale plants. Finally, in this book, a chapter is included to evaluate the feasibility and economic, social and environmental implications of large-scale wind plants in locations where no previous development exists and where specific complex characteristics must be considered and a case study for the largest wind plant in Ecuador is presented. As a result, readers can access a detailed approach to wind energy from a technical point of view and consider novel applications and related implications of this renewable energy.","brand":"Nova Science Publishers Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48887504175447,"sku":"9781685079741","price":138.39,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9781685079741.jpg?v=1722544881"},{"product_id":"the-discovery-of-electromagnetism-made-in-the-year-1820-by-h-c-orsted-9788775330560","title":"The Discovery of Electromagnetism: Made in the","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAfter his revolutionary discovery of electromagnetism in 1820 H.C. Oersted quickly published his findings in a small treatise in Latin for the scholars of Europe. Soon after the treatise was translated into French, Italian, German, English and Danish, and reprinted in a number of scientific journals. This new publication contains photographic reproductions of all these texts. Søren Absalon Larsen, professor at the College of Advanced Technology  founded by Oersted in 1829, currently DTU (Technical University of Denmark)  published the texts in facsimile in 1920, the hundred-year anniversary for Oersteds discovery. It is this 1920 edition which is now reprinted, supplemented by a new postscript by Carl Henrik Koch.","brand":"Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48889842598231,"sku":"9788775330560","price":13.3,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1739\/5799\/files\/9788775330560.jpg?v=1722556151"},{"product_id":"electromagnetic-waves-advances-in-applications-and-research-9798886972542","title":"Electromagnetic Waves: Advances in Applications","description":"\u003cb\u003eBook Synopsis\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Nova Science Publishers Inc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48890361610583,"sku":"9798886972542","price":72.24,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]}],"url":"https:\/\/bookcurl.com\/collections\/electricity-electromagnetism-and-magnetism.oembed?page=32","provider":"Book Curl","version":"1.0","type":"link"}